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{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = INSAT 3A
| image = Insat3a.gif
| image_caption =

| mission_type = [[Communications satellite|Communications]]<br/>[[Weather satellite|Weather]]
| operator = INSAT
| website = [http://www.isro.org/satellites/insat-3a.aspx INSAT 3A]
| COSPAR_ID = 2003-013A
| SATCAT = 27714
| mission_duration =

| spacecraft_bus =
| manufacturer = [[Indian Space Research Organisation|ISRO]]
| dry_mass =
| launch_mass = {{convert|2950|kg|lb}}
| power = 3.1 kilowatts
| dimensions = 2.8 x 1.7 x 2.0 metres

| launch_date = {{start-date|9 April 2003, 22:52|timezone=yes}} UTC
| launch_rocket = [[Ariane 5|Ariane 5G]] V160
| launch_site = [[Guiana Space Centre|Kourou]] [[ELA-3]]
| launch_contractor = [[Arianespace]]
| entered_service =

| disposal_type =
| deactivated = 

| orbit_epoch =
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime = [[Geostationary orbit|Geostationary]]
| orbit_periapsis =
| orbit_apoapsis =
| orbit_inclination = 74 degrees
| orbit_period = 12 years
| orbit_longitude = 93.5° East ({{coord|0|+93.5|display=inline,title}})
| orbit_slot =
| apsis = gee

| trans_band =
| trans_frequency =
| trans_bandwidth =
| trans_capacity =
| trans_coverage =
| trans_TWTA =
| trans_EIRP =
| trans_HPBW =
}}
'''INSAT-3A''', a multipurpose satellite built by [[ISRO]] was launched by [[Ariane (rocket family)|Ariane]] in April 2003. It is located at 93.5 degree East longitude. It is third satellite in [[INSAT]]-3 series after [[INSAT-3B]] & [[INSAT-3C]]. Built at a cost of $53 mn, it provides communication, weather, and search and rescue services.

== Launch ==
INSAT 3A was launched by Ariane-5 launch vehicle of [[Arianespace]] on April 9, 2003 at 22.52 UTC from [[Kourou]], [[French Guiana]]. It was placed into a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO), 30 minutes after the lift-off in 3-axis stabilized mode, with a [[perigee]] (nearest point to earth) of 859 km and an [[apogee]] (farthest point to earth) of 36,055 km and an inclination of 1.99 deg. with respect to the equator. Its co-passenger on its launch was GALAXI-XII of [[PanAmSat]]. Its [[Master Control Facility]] (MCF) is located at [[Hassan, India|Hassan]], Karnataka (India).
It is 3-axis body stabilised in orbit using momentum and reaction wheels, solar flaps, [[Magnetorquer|magnetic torquers]] and eight 10 N and eight 22 N reaction control thrusters.
Its propulsion system consists of 440 N [[Apogee kick motor|Liquid Apogee Motor]] [[Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen|MON-3 (Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen)]] and [[Monomethylhydrazine|MMH (MonoMethylHydrazine)]] for orbit raising.

== Payload ==

=== Communication payload ===
* 12 Normal [[C band (IEEE)|C-band]] transponders (9 channels provide expanded coverage from Middle East to South East Asia with an EIRP of 38 dBW, 3 channels provide India coverage with an EIRP of 36 dBW and 6 Extended C-band transponders provide India coverage with an EIRP of 36 dBW).
* 6 upper extended C-band transponders having India beam coverage providing an EoC-EIRP of 37 dBW.
* 6 [[Ku-band]] transponders provide India coverage with EIRP of 48 dBW.

=== Meteorological payload ===
* A Very High Resolution Radiometer (VHRR) with imaging capacity in the visible (0.55-0.75 μm), thermal infrared (10.5-12.5 μm) and Water Vapour (5.7-7.1 μm) channels, provide 2x2 km, 8x8 km and 8x8 km ground resolutions respectively.
* A [[Charge-coupled device|CCD]] camera provides 1x1 km ground resolution, in the visible (0.63-0.69 μm), near infrared (0.77-0.86 μm) and shortwave infrared (1.55-1.70 μm) bands.
* A Data Relay Transponder (DRT) having global receive coverage with a 400 MHz uplink and 4500 MHz downlink for relay of meteorological, hydrological and oceanographic data from unattended land and ocean-based automatic data collection-cum-transmission platforms.
* A Satellite Aided Search and Rescue (SAS&R) SARP payload having global receive coverage with 406 MHz uplink and 4500 MHz downlink with India coverage, for relay of signals from distress beacons in sea, air or land. See also [[Cospas-Sarsat]].

== Services ==
* Telecommunications
* Television broadcasting
* Meteorological
* Search and Rescue services

== References ==
<ref>http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewpr.html?pid=11224</ref>
<ref>http://www.lyngsat.com/in3a.html</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.flysat.com/insat93.php |title=Archived copy |access-date=2010-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716092545/http://www.flysat.com/insat93.php |archive-date=2017-07-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.isro.org/satellites/insat-3a.aspx |title=Archived copy |access-date=2010-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031191832/http://www.isro.org/satellites/insat-3a.aspx |archive-date=2014-10-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120311091830/http://hindu.com/2003/06/04/stories/2003060404701200.htm ]</ref>
<ref>http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-2664064/INDIA-LAUNCHES-INSAT-3A-BOOST.html</ref>
<ref>https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn3613-flawless-return-for-ariane-5-rocket.html</ref>
<ref>http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=175898&sectioncode=26</ref>
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

* [http://www.isro.org ISRO website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180518050953/http://www.antrix.gov.in/ Commercial arm of ISRO]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101215062429/http://dst.gov.in/stsysindia/space.htm Deptt. of Space Under Deptt. Of Science & Tech., Government Of India]

{{INSAT Satellites}}
{{Indian spacecraft}}
{{Orbital launches in 2003}}

[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2003]]
[[Category:Communications satellites in geostationary orbit]]
[[Category:Weather satellites of India]]
[[Category:INSAT satellites]]
[[Category:2003 in India]]

INSAT-3A - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 01:24, 14 August 2023