CleanupBot II at 01:26, 14 August 2023

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{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = INSAT 4E
| image = File:GSAT-6 seen with two halves of payload faring of GSLV-D6.jpg
| image_caption = GSAT-6 seen with two halves of payload faring of [[GSLV]]-D6
| mission_type = [[Communications satellite|Communication]]
| operator = [[INSAT]]
| website = https://www.isro.gov.in/Spacecraft/gsat-6
| COSPAR_ID =
| SATCAT =
| mission_duration = Planned: 9 years <br/>Elapsed: {{time interval|27 August 2015|show=ymd|sep=,}}
| spacecraft_bus = [[I-2K]]
| manufacturer = [[Indian Space Research Organisation Satellite Centre|ISRO Satellite Centre]]<br/>[[Space Applications Centre]]
| dry_mass = {{convert| 985|kg | |abbr=on}}
| launch_mass = {{convert|2117|kg}}
| power = 3.1 kilowatts
| launch_date = {{start-date|27 August 2015, 11:22|timezone=yes}} UTC
| launch_rocket = [[Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle|GSLV Mk.II]] D6
| launch_site = [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|Satish Dhawan]] [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre Second Launch Pad|SLP]]
| launch_contractor = [[Indian Space Research Organisation|ISRO]]
| entered_service =
| disposal_type =
| deactivated = 
| orbit_epoch = Planned
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime = [[Geostationary orbit|Geostationary]]
| orbit_periapsis =
| orbit_apoapsis =
| orbit_inclination =
| orbit_period =
| orbit_longitude = 83°E
| orbit_slot =
| apsis = gee
| trans_band = 5, C x S transponders (9 megahertz bandwidth)<br/>5, S x C transponders (2.7 megahertz bandwidth){{clarify|date=June 2013}}
| trans_frequency =
| trans_bandwidth =
| trans_capacity =
| trans_coverage =
| trans_TWTA =
| trans_EIRP =
| trans_HPBW =
| programme = [[GSAT]]
| previous_mission = [[GSAT-16]]
| next_mission = [[GSAT-15]]
}}
'''INSAT-4E''', also known as '''GSAT-6''', is a member of the INSAT family and is a multimedia communication satellite that will offer a Satellite Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (S-DMB) service across several digital multimedia terminals or consoles which can be used to provide information services to vehicles on the fly and to the mobile phones. The satellite can be used for other social and strategic applications.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spacedaily.com/news/india-05zzv.html |title=ISRO proposes INSAT-4E satellite|publisher=spacedaily.com|access-date=2012-05-29}}</ref>

==Satellite==
[[File:Render of GSAT-6 spacecraft in deployed configuration.png|left|thumb|Render of GSAT-6 spacecraft in deployed configuration|215x215px]]
INSAT-4E has five C x S transponders each of 9 MHz bandwidth and five S x C transponders each of 2.7 MHz bandwidth which will together cover the entire country.<ref>{{cite web|title=Space Application center|url=http://www.sac.gov.in/SACSITE/asac-ongoing-satellite-gsat6_insat4e.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212932/http://www.sac.gov.in/SACSITE/asac-ongoing-satellite-gsat6_insat4e.html|archive-date=3 March 2016|access-date=2012-05-29|publisher=sac.gov.in}}</ref> GSAT-6 uses a 0.8 meter (fixed) and one 6 meter S-Band unfurlable antenna (transmit and receive).<ref>{{Cite web|title=GSAT-6 - ISRO|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/Spacecraft/gsat-6|access-date=2021-07-30|website=www.isro.gov.in}}</ref>

The unfurlable antenna weighing 18 kg has CFRP truss construction with aluminium alloy joints and its parabolic gold plated molybdenum mesh is supported and shaped by cable mesh structures.<ref>{{Cite web|date=|title=Upagrah newsletter Apr-June 2018|url=https://www.isac.gov.in/publications/upagrah/pdf/Upagrah-April-June2018.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181109113635/https://www.isac.gov.in/publications/upagrah/pdf/Upagrah-April-June2018.pdf|archive-date=9 November 2018}}</ref>

GSAT-6 is identical in configuration to [[GSAT-6A]] which was launched later.

==Launch==
ISRO successfully launched INSAT-4E on 27 August 2015, using a [[Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle|GSLV D6]] Mk.II rocket flying from the [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]] and inserted into a [[Geostationary Transfer Orbit]] (GTO) with injection parameters of 170 km x 35945 km, 19.96 degree inclination.<ref>{{cite news|title=ISRO's GSLV D-6 puts GSAT-6 satellite in orbit|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/geostationary-satellite-launch-vehicle-gslvd6-successfully-launched/article7587039.ece|publisher=The Hindu|date=27 August 2015}}</ref>

== Orbit raising ==

Maneuvers to move the satellite into its designated geosynchronous orbit at 83 degrees East longitude were initiated on 28 August 2015 by firing motors on board the GSAT-6 satellite.

The GSAT-6 satellite's Liquid Apogee Motor (LAM) was fired for 3385 seconds at 08:35 hours IST on August 28 during the first [[orbit raising]] operation and modified the satellite orbit to 8,408 km (perigee height) by 35,708 km (apogee height) with an inclination of 7.5 degree and an orbital period of 13 hours, 15 minutes and 24 seconds.<ref>{{cite news|title=First orbit raising operation of GSAT-6 completes successfully|url=http://www.ptinews.com/news/6436675_First-orbit-raising-operation-of-GSAT-6-completes-successfully-.html|agency=PTI|publisher=Press Trust of India|date=29 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=GSAT-6 Update: First orbit raising operation of GSAT-6 was successfully completed|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/update/29-aug-2015/gsat-6-update-first-orbit-raising-operation-of-gsat-6-was-successfully-completed|website=isro.org|access-date=30 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150831003923/http://www.isro.gov.in/update/29-aug-2015/gsat-6-update-first-orbit-raising-operation-of-gsat-6-was-successfully-completed|archive-date=31 August 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Second orbit raising operation of GSAT-6 was successfully completed by firing the Apogee Motor for 2663 seconds at 11:10:53 hours IST on Aug 29, 2015. Realized orbit was 26,998 km (perigee height) by 35,682 km (apogee height) with an inclination of 0.115 degree and an orbital period of 20 hours and 15 minutes.<ref>{{cite web|title=Second orbit raising operation of GSAT-6 was successfully completed|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/update/29-aug-2015/gsat-6-update-second-orbit-raising-operation-of-gsat-6-was-successfully-completed|website=isro.org|access-date=30 August 2015}}</ref>

Third orbit raising operation of GSAT-6 was successfully completed by firing the Apogee Motor for 580.32 seconds at 07:46 hours IST on Aug 30, 2015. Deployment of the unfurlable antenna (UFA) also successfully completed with this.<ref>{{cite web|title=Third orbit raising operation of GSAT-6 was successfully completed|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/update/30-aug-2015/gsat-6-update-third-orbit-raising-operation-of-gsat-6-was-successfully-completed|website=isro.org|access-date=30 August 2015}}</ref> The satellite was at 78 degrees east longitude and was drifting towards its final slot at 83 degrees east.

GSAT-6 was successfully positioned in its orbital slot of 83 degree east and collocated with [[INSAT-4A]], [[GSAT-12]], [[GSAT-10]] and [[IRNSS-1C]] on September 6, 2015 morning, after carrying out four drift arresting maneuvers.<ref>{{cite web|title=GSAT-6 has been successfully positioned in its orbital slot|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/update/06-sep-2015/gsat-6-update-gsat-6-has-been-successfully-positioned-its-orbital-slot|website=isro.org}}</ref>

== See also ==

{{main|Mission Shakti}}
* [[Integrated_Space_Cell#Military|Indian military satellites]]
* [[GSAT-6A]]
* [[Indian National Satellite System]]
* [[GSAT]]
* [[List of Indian satellites]]
* [[Satellite television]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.isro.gov.in/Spacecraft/gsat-6 GSAT-6] at ISRO.gov.in

{{INSAT satellites}}
{{GSAT satellites}}
{{Indian spacecraft}}
{{Orbital launches in 2015}}

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2014}}

[[Category:GSAT satellites]]
[[Category:INSAT satellites]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2015]]
[[Category:2015 in India]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched by GSLV rockets]]

INSAT-4E - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 01:26, 14 August 2023