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{{short description|31st Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate (1517–26) and 3rd from the Lodi dynasty}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2017}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Ibrahim Khan Lodi
| title = [[Lodi Dynasty|Sultan of the Lodi Dynasty]]
| image = Ibrahim lodhi (2).jpg
| caption =
| reign = 1517 – 21 April 1526
| coronation = 1517, [[Agra]]
| predecessor = [[Sikandar Lodi|Sikandar Khan Lodi]]
| successor = ''Sultanate abolished'' <br> By ([[Babur]] as [[Mughal Emperor]])
| spouse =
| issue = Jalal Khan Lodi<br/>A daughter (married [[Nasiruddin Nasrat Shah|Nusrat Shah]] of Bengal)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=120–121}}</ref>
| royal house = [[Lodi dynasty]]
| father = [[Sikandar Lodi|Sikandar Khan Lodi]]
| mother =
| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]
| birth_date = 1480
| birth_place = [[Delhi]]
| death_date = {{death-date|21 April 1526}} (aged 45–46)
| death_place = [[Panipat]]
| place of burial = [[Tomb of Ibrahim Lodi]]
| succession = 31st [[Delhi Sultanate|Sultan of Delhi]]
}}

'''Ibrahim Khan Lodi''' (1480 – 21 April 1526) was the last [[Sultan]] of the [[Delhi Sultanate]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Chandra|first1=Satish|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Rm9MC4DDrcC&q=Sikandar+Lodi+afghan&pg=PA25|title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II|publisher=Har-Anand Publications|year=2005|isbn=978-81-241-1066-9|language=en|quote=The first of these was the death of the Afghan ruler , [[Sikandar Lodi]] , at Agra towards the end of 1517 and the succession of Ibrahim Khan Lodi . The second was the conquest of Bajaur and Bhira , by Babur in the frontier tract of north - west Punjab in ...}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sengupta|first1=Sudeshna|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XJL5Rk6aHYUC&q=the+lodi+Dynasty&pg=PA126|title=History & Civics 9|publisher=Ratna Sagar|isbn=9788183323642|pages=126|quote=The Lodi dynasty was established by the Ghilzai tribe of the Afghans|language=en}}</ref> who became Sultan in 1517 after the death of his father [[Sikandar Lodi|Sikandar Khan Lodi]]. He was the last ruler of the [[Lodi dynasty]], reigning for nine years until 1526, when he was defeated and killed at the [[Battle of Panipat (1526)|Battle of Panipat]] by [[Babur]]'s invading army, giving way to the emergence of the [[Mughal Empire]] in India.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://persian.packhum.org/persian/pf?file=03601021&ct=98 |title=SULṬĀN ĪBRAHĪM BIN SULṬĀN SIKANDAR KHAN LODĪ |work=The Muntakhabu-’rūkh by ‘Abdu-’l-Qādir Ibn-i-Mulūk Shāh, known as [[Al-Badauni|Al-Badāoni]], translated from the original Persian and edited by George S. A. Ranking, Sir Wolseley Haig and W. H. Lowe |publisher=[[Packard Humanities Institute]] 1884–1925 |access-date=18 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728034819/http://persian.packhum.org/persian/pf?file=03601021&ct=98 |archive-date=28 July 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=122–25|language=en}}</ref>

==Biography==
Ibrahim attained the throne upon the death of his father, Sikandar, but was not blessed with the same ruling capability. He faced a number of rebellions. Ibrahim also displeased the nobility when he replaced old and senior commanders with younger ones who were loyal to him. The Afghan nobility eventually invited [[Babur]] from [[Kabulistan]] to invade India.

In 1526, Ibrahim faced the Mughal army of [[Babur]]. Ibrahim's much larger army was defeated at the [[Battle of Panipat (1526)|Battle of Panipat]], and he was killed in the battle. It is estimated that Babur's forces numbered around 12,000–25,000 men and had between 20 and 24 pieces of canons. Ibrahim had around 50,000 to 120,000 men along with around 400 to 1000 war elephants. In the battle the Lodi forces suffered over 20,000 killed and many more wounded and captured. After the end of Lodi dynasty, the era of Mughal rule commenced for next 331 years.<ref>Davis, Paul K. (1999), ''100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present'', Oxford University Press, p. 181.</ref>

==Tomb==
{{main|Tomb of Ibrahim Lodi}}
His tomb is often mistaken to be the ''[[Shisha Gumbad]]'' within [[Lodi Gardens]], [[Delhi]]. Rather [[Tomb of Ibrahim Lodi|Ibrahim Khan Lodi's Tomb]] is actually situated near the [[tehsil]] office in [[Panipat]], close to the [[Dargah]] of Sufi saint [[Bu Ali Shah Qalandar]]. It is a simple rectangular structure on a high platform approached by a flight of steps. In 1866, the British relocated the tomb during construction of the Grand Trunk Road and renovated it with an inscription highlighting Ibrahim Khan Lodi's death in the Battle of Panipat. He also built a [[Khwaja Khizr Tomb]] in [[Sonipat]] in 1522.<ref>[http://www.haryana-online.com/tomb_of_ibrahim_lodhi.htm Tomb of Ibrahim Lodi] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514085608/http://haryana-online.com/tomb_of_ibrahim_lodhi.htm |date=14 May 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india9.com/i9show/Ibrahim-Lodhi%27s-Tomb-14121.htm|title=Ibrahim Lodhi's Tomb in Panipat India|website=www.india9.com}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100314040211/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2005/07/04/stories/2005070400980200.htm The tale of the missing Lodi tomb] [[The Hindu]], 4 July 2005.</ref>

==Jalal Khan Lodi's Revolt==
In 1520, Ibrahim's eldest brother and heir to the throne, Jalal Khan Lodi, marched with an army from [[Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh|Jaunpur]] towards [[Delhi]] to take the throne. Hearing of Jalal Khan's revolt, Ibrahim imprisoned his brothers Ismail, Husein, Daulat and Mahmud at the fort of [[Hansi]]. He marched towards [[Awadh]] to meet his brother Jalal's army and after defeating the army, he forgave his brother and repositioned him as governor of [[Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh|Jaunpur]] and [[Lakhnau|Lakhnau (or Lucknow)]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.notesonindianhistory.com/2017/07/ibrahim-lodi-last-sultan-of-delhi.html |title=Ibrahim Lodi, Last Sultan of Delhi |website=notesonindianhistory.com |date=20 July 2017}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="100px" perrow="5">
File:Delhi-Topra Nagari inscription of 1524 CE.jpg|[[Delhi-Topra pillar|Delhi-Topra inscription]] of 1524 CE, mentioning Sultan Ibrahim Lodi.<ref name="US208">{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Upinder |title=Delhi: Ancient History |date=2006 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-81-87358-29-9 |page=208 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KkpdLnZpm78C&pg=PA208 |language=en}}</ref>
File:An awards ceremony in the Sultan Ibrāhīm’s court before being sent on an expedition to Sambhal.jpg|An awards ceremony in the Sultan Ibrahim Khan Lodi's court before being sent on an expedition to Sambhal
File:1526-First Battle of Panipat-Ibrahim Lodhi and Babur.jpg|1526-First Battle of Panipat-Ibrahim Khan Lodi and Babur
File:Malwa Sultanate coinage of Mahmud Shah II (1510-1531 CE) in the name of Ibrahim Shah Lodi Sultan of Dehli, dated AH 927 (1520-1 CE).jpg|Coinage of Mahmud Shah II (1510-1531 CE) of the [[Malwa Sultanate]], in the name of Ibrahim Lodi Sultan of Dehli, dated 1520-1 CE.
</gallery>

== See also ==
*[[Sher Shah Suri]]
*[[Tomb of Ibrahim Lodi]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*[http://www.barmazid.com/2016/10/abundance-and-low-prices-during-reign.html Abundance and low prices during the reign of Sultan Ibrahim Lodi]
*[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/345985/Lodi-dynasty#ref222519 Lodī dynasty] - [[Encyclopædia Britannica]]

{{-}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-reg}}
{{succession box
| before = [[Sikandar Lodi]]
| title = [[Delhi Sultanate|Sultan of Delhi]]
| years = 1517–1526
| after = [[Babur]]<br>([[Mughal Empire]])
}}
{{s-end}}
{{Pashtun nationalism}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lodi, Ibrahim}}
[[Category:1526 deaths]]
[[Category:Sultans of the Lodi dynasty|Ibrahim]]
[[Category:Indian people of Pashtun descent]]
[[Category:People from Panipat]]
[[Category:People from Delhi]]
[[Category:1517 in India]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:1480 births]]

Ibrahim Khan Lodi - Revision history

WikiDwarfBOT at 03:08, 22 July 2023