88.240.250.73 at 07:16, 8 January 2022

2022-01-08T07:16:06Z

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{{short description|Acting Brotherhood leader}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix =
| name = Ibrahim Munir<br/>{{lang|ar|إبراهيم منير}}
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| office = The Secretary-General of the International Organization of the Muslim Brotherhood - The former Acting General Guide of the [[Muslim Brotherhood]]
| parliament =
| constituency_MP =
| term_start = 4 September 2020
| predecessor = [[Mahmoud Ezzat]]
| majority =
| birth_name = Ahmed Ibrahim Munir Mustafa
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1937|6|1|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Giza]], [[Kingdom of Egypt|Egypt]]
| nationality = [[Egypt]]ian
| spouse =
| party =
| children =
| residence =
| relatives =
| alma_mater =
| succeeded = An acting committee for general guide role represented by Mostafa Tolba
| termend = 13 October 2021
}}

'''Ahmed Ibrahim Munir Mustafa''' ({{lang-ar| أحمد إبراهيم منير مصطفى}}; born 1 June 1937), known popularly as '''Ibrahim Munir''' ({{lang-ar|إبراهيم منير}}), He is currently the Secretary General of the International Organisation of the [[Muslim Brotherhood]] and the spokesman for the Muslim Brotherhood in the West.

== Early years ==

Ibrahim Munir was born on 1 June 1937 in [[Giza, Egypt]]. His full name is Ahmed Ibrahim Munir Mustafa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://opencorporates.com/officers/197601078|title=Ahmed Ibrahim Monir Moustafa|publisher=opencorporates.com}}</ref> He joined the Muslim Brotherhood at an early age and was sentenced to life imprisonment in Egypt in the 1950s following the attempted assassination of the Egyptian leader [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/08/muslim-brotherhood-hits-out-britain-sisi-egypt|title=Muslim Brotherhood leader hits out at Britain after Sisi sworn in|first1=Ian|last1=Black|first2=Middle East|last2=editor|date=June 8, 2014|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref> Munir was released in 1975 and left for the [[Persian Gulf]] region and moved to the United Kingdom in the early 1980s. He applied for political asylum which was granted.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.live-let-live.org/private/Munir.pdf|title=Ibrahim Munir Mustafa|date=April 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402111056/https://www.live-let-live.org/private/Munir.pdf|archive-date=2 April 2019}}</ref>

== United Kingdom ==

Since Munir arrived in the United Kingdom he has become active in Muslim Brotherhood activities not only promoting the causes of his own movement but also more general Islamic causes. He was a director at the Islamic charity Human Relief International,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://opencorporates.com/companies/gb/02819693|title=Human Relief International :: OpenCorporates|publisher=}}</ref> the Takaful Trust<ref>{{cite web|url=https://opencorporates.com/companies/gb/02947528|title=Takaful Trus :: OpenCorporates|publisher=}}</ref> and The Renaissance Foundation<ref>{{cite web|url=https://opencorporates.com/companies/gb/02945403|title=The Renaissance Foundation :: OpenCorporates|publisher=}}</ref> in the 1990s. In an interview with Asharq al-Awsat in 2011 he said that he had not visited Egypt since 1987.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eng-archive.aawsat.com/theaawsat/features/a-talk-with-the-muslim-brotherhoods-ibrahim-munir|title=Middle-east Arab News Opinion|first=Asharq|last=Al-awsat|website=eng-archive.aawsat.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=27804|title=A talk with the Muslim Brotherhood's Ibrahim Munir - Ikhwanweb|website=www.ikhwanweb.com}}</ref>

The activities of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood and the International Organisation of the Muslim Brotherhood are coordinated from the Muslim Brotherhood office at Cricklewood Broadway in London.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/01/muslim-brotherhood-cricklewood-london|title=The Muslim Brotherhood's new nerve centre: Cricklewood?|first=Robert|last=Booth|date=April 1, 2014|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref> From the Cricklewood Broadway office the Muslim Brotherhood also publishes its weekly Arabic language newsletter Risalat al-Ikhwan of which Ibrahim Munir is the general supervisor and his deputy [[Mahmoud El-Abiary]] the chief editor.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=2791|title=General supervisor of 'Risalat Al-Ikhwan' in Al Hiwar satellite TV - Ikhwanweb|website=www.ikhwanweb.com}}</ref>

== 2010 Court Case ==

In 2010 the Egyptian Attorney General Abdul Magid Mahmoud referred a case against Muslim Brotherhood leader abroad to the State Supreme Security Emergency Court for trial. One of the defendants in the case was Ibrahim Munir. He was previously acquitted by lower courts in Egypt in a case known as the Global Network.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=24392|title=Egypt: Five prominent activists, including Saudi national, referred to trial in a new phase of MB oppression - Ikhwanweb|website=www.ikhwanweb.com}}</ref> Among the charges were money laundering and raising funds abroad for an outlawed group.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=24432|title=Egypt charges MB members abroad with money laundering - Ikhwanweb|website=www.ikhwanweb.com}}</ref> Munir was tried in absence and was convicted to a sentence of 5 years in jail.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=27766|title=Five MB Leaders Served Sentences Ranging up to Eight Years Despite Previous Acquittals - Ikhwanweb|website=www.ikhwanweb.com}}</ref>

In a response to the sentence by the Egypt court Munir said that "he respected the Egyptian judiciary but the regime obliged him to do so, noting that international justice is sufficient to prove his innocence and he denies any false accusations fabricated by the Egyptian regime."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=27802|title=MB leader Ibrahim Munir: I Will Turn to International Court of Justice to Prove Innocence - Ikhwanweb|website=www.ikhwanweb.com}}</ref> Within a day of the sentence in Egypt Ibrahim Munir had appealed that sentence before a British court which was going to hear his case within a month. "I was sentenced to five years' imprisonment on charges of money laundering before a state security court emergency on Saturday". He also pointed out that "he would resort to the international court of justice to prove his innocence." With all the strict regulations on money transfers he said it was difficult to launder money from the UK to Egypt, according to Munir.

== Erbakan Funeral in 2011 ==

In early March 2011, former Turkish Prime Minister [[Necmettin Erbakan]] died and was buried in Istanbul. The burial of Erbakan brought a large delegation of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood to Istanbul and included former Supreme Guide of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood [[Mahdi Akef]], [[Mahmoud Ezzat]], [[Saad El-Katatni]], [[Ayman Aly]], [[Youssef Nada]] and also Ibrahim Munir and his deputy Mahmoud El-Abiary.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.islamtoday.net/nawafeth/artshow-43-147648.htm|title=نوافذ » تربية ومجتمع » نجم الدين أربكان في ذمة الله|author=مصطفى الطحان|work=نوافذ}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mustafatahhan.com/?m=201103|title=March « 2011 « Mustafa Tahhan Web Blog|publisher=}}</ref>

== Munir since the ouster of Egyptian President Morsi ==

Since the [[2013 Egyptian coup d'état]] which ousted Muslim Brotherhood president [[Mohamed Morsi]] the London office of the Muslim Brotherhood has become the de facto headquarters for the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood outside Egypt, with Ibrahim Munir in a leading position. Since the Muslim Brotherhood lost power in Egypt the position of Munir has become more visible.

On 17 July 2013, Munir wrote an Op-Ed in Asharq al-Awsat where he claimed that Morsi's ouster was in fact a military coup.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eng-archive.aawsat.com/i-munir/opinion/debate/debate-mursis-ouster-was-a-military-coup|title=Middle-east Arab News Opinion|first=Asharq|last=Al-awsat|website=eng-archive.aawsat.com}}</ref>

Also on social media Ibrahim Munir can be seen attending many demonstration in London organised by different organisations often close to the Muslim Brotherhood under the umbrella the UK Anti-Coup Alliance often showing the [[Rabia sign]].

== Jenkins Report on the Muslim Brotherhood ==

In April 2014 British Prime Minister [[David Cameron]] commissioned an internal [[2014 UK government review of the Muslim Brotherhood|review of the Muslim Brotherhood]], including its origins, ideology, record in and out of government; and its organisation and activities in the UK and abroad.<ref name="www.gov.uk">{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/486932/Muslim_Brotherhood_Review_Main_Findings.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2016-01-01 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151224103901/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/486932/Muslim_Brotherhood_Review_Main_Findings.pdf |archivedate=2015-12-24 }}</ref> The investigation started earlier.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/01/cameron-muslim-brotherhood-orders-inquiry-extremism|title=David Cameron orders inquiry into activities of Muslim Brotherhood|first1=Nicholas|last1=Watt|first2=chief political|last2=correspondent|date=April 1, 2014|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref> In June 2014 Ibrahim Munir was to meet with Sir John Jenkins who led the U.K. government's review of the Muslim Brotherhood. Munir said about the review: "Regardless of the outcome of the review, we will adhere to our principles – and the main one is acting peacefully," he added. "We will abide by British law, but history will judge this action. I expect this review will clear the name of the Brotherhood. But if the result is negative, we will deal with it legally."<ref name="auto"/>

In the released findings of the review of the Muslim Brotherhood by the U.K. government, Munir is not mentioned by name but it is clear that the review team spoke with him. "The most senior member of the Muslim Brotherhood permanently resident in the UK told the review team that he coordinated some Muslim Brotherhood international activity, but not Muslim Brotherhood activity in this country."<ref name="www.gov.uk"/>

== Appointing him as acting general leader of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood ==
In August 2015, Ibrahim Munir denied reports that had surfaced in Egyptian and Arab newspapers that he had become the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood's new deputy Supreme Guide and acting Supreme Guide. He released a statement: "I stress that Dr [[Mahmoud Ezzat]] is still the deputy supreme guide and acting supreme guide. With regards my being assigned the duties of the deputy supreme guide, I had been tasked with this some time ago and it is not new."<ref>{{cite web|date=10 August 2015|title=Ibrahim Munir denies reports he is now Brotherhood's Supreme Guide|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20150810-ibrahim-munir-denies-reports-he-is-now-brotherhoods-supreme-guide-2/|website=Middle East Monitor}}</ref> On 4 September 2020, he was appointed as the acting general leader of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood after Ezzat was arrested.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 6, 2020|title=فى بيان لها .. الإخوان تعترف بـ تمرد شباب الجماعة بسبب إبراهيم منير | مبتدا|url=https://www.mobtada.com/details/965377|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200906112319/https://www.mobtada.com/details/965377|archive-date=6 September 2020}}</ref>

== Exempting him from leading the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt ==
He was the most senior member of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood until October 2021 when the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood Consultative Assembly made a decision to withdraw confidence from him, and relieve him of his responsibility in the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt<ref>{{Cite web|title=بيان من الإخوان المسلمين بشأن قرارات مجلس الشورى العام|url=https://ikhwanonline.com/article/250233/|access-date=2022-01-08|website=ikhwanonline.com|language=ar}}</ref>.

Then his successor - in accordance with the general regulation - the member of guidance office Professor Dr. Mahmoud Hussein requested that the regulation not be applied in his regard, and that the matter be referred to the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood Consultative Assembly to choose the new leadership<ref>{{Cite web|title=قرار مجلس الشورى العام لجماعة الإخوان المسلمين|url=https://ikhwanonline.com/article/250958|access-date=2022-01-08|website=ikhwanonline.com|language=ar}}</ref>, the assembly decided to choose an acting committee for general guide role represented by Mostafa Tolba<ref>{{Cite web|title=بيان هام من مجلس الشورى العام حول اللجنة القائمة بأعمال فضيلة المرشد العام للجماعة|url=https://ikhwanonline.com/article/251767|access-date=2022-01-08|website=ikhwanonline.com|language=ar}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Hassan al-Banna]]
* [[Mustafa Mashhur]]
* [[Sayyid Qutb]]
* [[Yusuf al-Qaradawi]]
* [[Mohammed Badie]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Munir, Ibrahim}}
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Giza]]
[[Category:Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood leaders]]
[[Category:Egyptian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment]]
[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Egypt]]

Ibrahim Munir - Revision history

88.240.250.73 at 07:16, 8 January 2022