Ajay Kumar at 19:50, 28 September 2023

2023-09-28T19:50:44Z

New page

{{Short description|Youngest son of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad (630–632)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Ibrahim ibn Muhammad
| native_name = {{lang|ar|إِبْرَاهِيم ٱبْن مُحَمَّد}}
| birth_name = Ibrahim ibn Muhammad
| birth_date = [[Dhu al-Hijjah]] 8 AH ; {{circa}} March/April 630 CE
| birth_place = [[Medina]], [[Hejaz]], [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabia]]
| death_date = [[Shawwal]] 30, 10 AH ; {{circa}} January 27, 632 CE
| death_place = [[Medina]], [[Hejaz]], [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabia]]
| resting_place = {{longitem|[[Al-Baqi Cemetery|Jannat al-Baqi']], Medina, Hejaz, Arabia<br />(present-day [[Saudi Arabia]])}}
| mother = [[Maria al-Qibtiyya]]
| father = [[Muhammad]]
| relatives = {{Collapsible list|state=collapsed|[[Qasim ibn Muhammad|Qasim]] (paternal half brother)|[[Ruqayya bint Muhammad|Ruqayya]] (paternal half sister)|[[Zainab bint Muhammad|Zainab]] (paternal half sister)|[[Abdullah ibn Muhammad|Abdullah]] (paternal half brother)|[[Fatimah]] (paternal half sister)|[[Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad|Umm Kulthum]] (paternal half sister)|[[Sirin bint Shamun|Sirin]] (maternal aunt)}}
| family = [[Ahl al-Bayt|House of Muhammad]]
}}
'''Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad''' ({{lang-ar|إِبْرَاهِيم ٱبْن مُحَمَّد}}), was the son of the [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad]] and [[Maria al-Qibtiyya]].<ref>Tafsir (Exegesis) of Quran by Ibn Kathir for Chapter 66 of Quran verses 1-5.</ref><ref>Zaad al-Ma’aad, 1/103.</ref> He died at the age of 2.

== Birth, illness and death ==

Muhammad's wife, and the mother of believers, Ibrahim's mother was an [[Egypt]]ian woman who came from [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] official to Muhammad in 628. According to [[Ibn Kathir]], quoting [[Ibn Sa'd]], he was born in the last month of the year 8 [[Hijri year|AH]], equivalent of 630 [[Common Era|CE]].<ref>[http://www.al-eman.com/IslamLib/viewchp.asp?BID=251&CID=85#s4 Ibn Kathir, quoting Ibn Saad]</ref> Muslim scholars such as [[Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj]] and [[Al-Nasa'i]] mention that [[Al-Waqidi]] is not reliable and is not trustworthy to be quoted. The child was named after [[Abraham]] (or Ibrahim in Arabic) the [[Bible|Biblical]] prophet revered in [[Judaism|Jewish]], [[Christianity|Christian]] and [[Islam|Muslim]] traditions. Ibrahim was placed in the care of a nurse called Umm Sayf, wife of Abu Sayf, the blacksmith, in the tradition of the Arabs of the time, to whom Muhammad gave some goats to complement her milk supply.<ref name="Haykal">[[Muhammad Husayn Haykal]], Translated by Isma'il Razi A. al-Faruqi, ''The Life of Muhammad'', American Trust Publications, 1976, {{ISBN|0-89259-002-5}} [http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/MH_LM/campaign_of_tabuk_and_death_of_ibrahim.htm]</ref> When he fell ill he was moved to a date orchard near the residence of his mother, under the care of her and her sister Sirin. When it was clear that he would not likely survive, Muhammad was informed.<ref name=Haykal/> His reaction to the news is reported as:
{{cquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|He was so shocked at the news that he felt his knees could no longer carry him, and asked `Abd al Rahman ibn `Awf to give him his hand to lean upon. He proceeded immediately to the orchard and arrived in time to bid farewell to an infant dying in his mother's lap. Prophet Muhammad took the child and laid him in his own lap while shaking his hand. His heart was torn apart by the new tragedy, and his face mirrored his inner pain. Choking with sorrow, he said to his son, "O Ibrahim, against the judgement of God, we cannot avail you a thing," and then fell silent. Tears flowed from his eyes. The child lapsed gradually, and his mother and aunt watched and cried incessantly, and the Prophet never ordered them to stop. As Ibrahim surrendered to death, Prophet Muhammad's hope which had consoled him for a brief while completely crumbled. With tears in his eyes he talked once more to the dead child: "O Ibrahim, were the truth not certain that the last of us will join the first, we would have mourned you even more than we do now." A moment later he said: "The eyes send their tears and the heart is saddened, but we do not say anything except that which pleases our Lord. Indeed, O Ibrahim, we are bereaved by your departure from us."<ref name=Haykal/>}}

== Eclipse occurrence ==

In his book ''[[Al-Bidaya wa-l-Nihaya]]'', [[ibn Kathir]] mentions that Ibrahim died on Thursday 10 Rabi' al-Awwal 10 [[Hijri year|AH]], and on the same day right after his death, an [[eclipse]] of the sun occurred, so people at the moment started talking that God was showing his condolences to his prophet by eclipsing the Sun. [[Muhammad]], not wanting his companions to fall into [[Fitna (word)|fitna]] by ascribing divinity to him or his son, stood at the mosque and said, "The sun and the moon do not eclipse because of the death or life (i.e. birth) of someone. When you see the eclipse pray and invoke God."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sunnah.com/bukhari/16/4|title=Hadith - Book of Eclipses - Sahih al-Bukhari - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)|website=Sunnah|access-date=28 November 2019}}</ref>

==Burial==

Muhammad is also reported as having informed Maria and Sirin that Ibrahim would have his own nurse in [[Paradise]]. Different accounts relate that the [[ghusl]] for Ibrahim was performed by either Umm Burdah, or [[Fadl ibn Abbas|al-Fadl ibn ʿAbbas]], in preparation for burial. Thereafter, he was carried to the cemetery upon a little bier by Muhammad, his uncle [[Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib|al-ʿAbbas]], and others. Here, after a funeral prayer led by Muhammad, he was interred. Muhammad then filled the grave with sand, sprinkled some water upon it, and placed a landmark on it, saying that "Tombstones do neither good nor ill, but they help appease the living. Anything that man does, God wishes him to do well."<ref name=Haykal/>

== Claims of illegitimacy ==

Since none of Mohammed's other partners save Khadija bore him a boy and few a child, a rumor spread that it was actually Maria's male cousin Mabur, who had also been given to him as a slave that had in fact impregnated Maria. When Mohammed heard those rumors, he ordered the killing of Mabur without any court trial, which would have been required by Shari'ah (Islamic Law) in a similar case with any other person. Also, since this was fornication between two unmarried slaves the penalty should have been 50 lashes, not death.

{{cquote|bgcolor=#F0FFF0|Anas reported that a person (a coptic slave whose name was "Mabur" and he was the cousin of Maria al-Qibtiyya) was charged with fornication with the slavegirl of Allah's Messenger (i.e. Maria al-Qibtiyya). Thereupon Allah's Messenger said to 'Ali: Go and strike his neck. 'Ali came to him and he found him in a well making his body cool. 'Ali said to him: Come out, and as he took hold of his hand and brought him out, he found that his sexual organ had been cut. Hadrat 'Ali refrained from striking his neck. He came to Allah's Apostle and said: Allah's Messenger, he has not even the sexual organ with him."<ref>[https://quranx.com/Hadith/Muslim/USC-MSA/Book-37/Hadith-6676/] Sahih Muslim, Book 37, Hadith 6676</ref>}}

==Siblings==
{{main|Children of Muhammad}}
*[[Qasim ibn Muhammad]]
*[[Abd Allah ibn Muhammad]]
*[[Zainab bint Muhammad]]
*[[Ruqayya bint Muhammad]]
*[[Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad]]
*[[Fatima]]

==See also==
*[[Islam and children]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20030817022225/http://freepages.family.rootsweb.com/~naqobatulasyrof/prophet/news_prophet_04.html The Tribe of Quraish]

{{Muhammad footer}}

[[Category:Children of Muhammad]]
[[Category:630 births]]
[[Category:632 deaths]]
[[Category:Arab people of Egyptian descent]]
[[Category:Burials at Jannat al-Baqī]]
[[Category:Child deaths]]

Ibrahim ibn Muhammad - Revision history

Ajay Kumar at 19:50, 28 September 2023