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[[File:Edakka - Idakka - Edaykka.JPG|thumb|right|250px|'''Idakka''']]The '''''idakka''''' ({{Lang-ml|ഇടയ്ക്ക}}, literally'', in the middle''), also spelt '''edaykka'''/'''edakka''', is an [[Hourglass drum|hourglass-shaped drum]] from [[Kerala]] in south India. This handy percussion instrument is very similar to the pan-Indian [[damaru]].{{cn|date=May 2018}} While the damaru is played by rattling knotted cords against the resonators, the idakka is played with a stick. Like the damaru, the idakka's pitch may be bent by squeezing the lacing in the middle. The idakka is slung over the left shoulder and the right side of the instrument is gently beaten with a thin curve-ended stick.<ref name="Deva">{{cite book|last1=Deva|first1=Bigamudre Chaitanya|title=Indian Music|date=1995|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9788122407303|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z-XKAfoa8WMC&q=Idakka&pg=PA116|language=en}}</ref><br />
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== Etymology ==<br />
It is believed that the word comes from the [[Malayalam]] word ''idakku'', meaning "centre". The word is said to allude to the instrument's position between the temple idol and the devotees.[[File:Idakka-1.jpg|thumb|Shri Chendamangalam Unnikrishna Maarar Idakka artist in action - In the middle.]]<br />
== Construction ==<br />
Similar to the [[talking drum]], The Idakka consists of two circular [[Drumhead|drum heads]] each of which is mounted within a circular ring. The hourglass-shaped body is placed between the two heads and lacing is used to pull the two rings towards each other, stretching each drum head over an open end of the body. [[Snare drum|Snare]]-like strings made of natural fiber are stretched across the open ends of the drum body, under each drum head. It is not uncommon for the diameter of the drum heads to be larger than the diameter of the body, with the result that the drum heads are often seen mounted significantly off-center.<br />
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== Acoustics ==<br />
[[File:Tripunithura Krishnadas.jpg|alt=His most notable rendition is the song "VANDE MUKUNDA HARE", in the 1993 Malayalam super hit movie Devasuram. The original score was sung by M. G. Radhakrishnan, famous music director of Kerala, with Krishnadas playing edaykkya|thumb|VIdwan Shri. '''Tripunithura Krishnadas''' is an Indian musician and a well-known edaykkya (or Idakka or edakka) and [[chenda]] artist from [[Kerala]].]]<br />
The Idakka is a small, high pitched drum with [[Pitch (music)|definite pitch]]. The snares running under the drum heads have been found to interact with the vibrating membrane in a way that causes the pitch of the instrument to be determinate.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=April 2018|title=Acoustics of Idakkā: An Indian snare drum with definite pitch|journal=The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America|volume=143|issue=5|pages=3184–3194|doi=10.1121/1.5038111|pmid=29857748|last1=Jose|first1=Kevin|last2=Chatterjee|first2=Anindya|last3=Gupta|first3=Anurag|bibcode=2018ASAJ..143.3184J}}</ref> Different pitches can be obtained by squeezing the lacing around the instrument, which changes the amount of tension in the skins.<br />
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==See also==<br />
* [[Damaru]]<br />
* [[Pandi Melam]]<br />
* [[Panchari melam]]<br />
* [[Thayambaka]]<br />
* [[Panchavadyam]]<br />
* [[Tripunithura Krishnadas]]<br />
* [[Talking Drum]], another drum in [[West Africa]] with an hour-glass shape.<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
{{commons category|Idakka}}<br />
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{{Indian musical instruments}}<br />
{{Culture of Kerala}}<br />
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[[Category:Arts of Kerala]]<br />
[[Category:Kathakali]]<br />
[[Category:Mohiniyattam]]<br />
[[Category:Drums]]<br />
[[Category:Membranophones]]<br />
[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]<br />
[[Category:Kerala music]]</div>imported>Citation bot