AuroraMackellar at 20:45, 6 October 2024

2024-10-06T20:45:07Z

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[[India]] has historically and largely not supported [[Economic sanctions|sanctions]] imposed by individual countries.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Chauhan|first=Rishika|date=2014-12-15|title=Decoding India's Stand on International Sanctions|url=https://casi.sas.upenn.edu/iit/chauhan|access-date=2022-02-25|website=Center for the Advanced Study of India (CASI)|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Global Sanctions Guide - India|url=https://ezine.eversheds-sutherland.com/global-sanctions-guide/india/|publisher=Eversheds Sutherland}}</ref> The [[Government of India]] has largely supported [[United Nations]] sanctions.<ref name=":0" /> India has also been warned with sanctions, imposed with them, and has also imposed and threatened its own.<ref name=":0" />

==Sanctions imposed by India==
===Countries===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! scope=col width="150px"|Country
! scope=col width="100px"|Period
! scope=col width="500px" |Summary
|-
|{{Flagicon|South Africa|1928}} [[India–South Africa relations|South Africa]]
|1946{{En dash}}1993
|India was the first country to [[International sanctions during apartheid|sanction South Africa for the apartheid]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=India-South Africa Relations|url=https://www.mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/India-SouthAfrica_Relations.pdf|website=Ministry of External Affairs}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagicon|Fiji}} [[Fiji–India relations|Fiji]]
|1989{{En dash}}1999
|Following deterioration of diplomatic ties India imposed a trade embargo.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Group|first=Taylor & Francis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wGA4o-UhAfgC&pg=PA1628|title=Europa World Year|date=2004-07-29|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-85743-254-1|pages=1628}}</ref>
|}



==Sanctions against India==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! scope=col colspan="2" |Sanctioning Country/Entity (s)
! scope=col width="100px"|Period
! scope=col width="500px"|Summary
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flagicon|Canada}} [[Canada–India relations|Canada]]
|1974
|Following [[Smiling Buddha|1974 nuclear tests]] Canada sanctioned nuclear expertise and equipment support.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Perkovich|first=George|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UDA9dUryS8EC|title=India's Nuclear Bomb: The Impact on Global Proliferation|date=2001|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-23210-5|pages=186}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |Multiple countries
|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[India–United States relations|United States]]
|1998{{En dash}}1999
|United States imposed sanctions as required by law following [[Pokhran-II|1998 nuclear tests]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wagner|first=Alex|title=Bush Waives Nuclear-Related Sanctions on India, Pakistan|url=https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2001-10/press-releases/bush-waives-nuclear-related-sanctions-india-pakistan|access-date=2022-02-25|website=|publisher=Arms Control Association}}</ref> Sanctions imposed by the United States were weakened through exceptions and lifted within a year.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last1=Morrow|first1=Daniel|last2=Carriere|first2=Michael|date=Fall 1999|title=The Economic Impacts of the 1998 Sanctions on India and Pakistan|url=https://www.nonproliferation.org/wp-content/uploads/npr/morrow64.pdf|publisher=The Nonproliferation Review}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[India–Japan relations|Japan]]
|1998{{En dash}}2001
|Sanctions including the stoppage of loan aid.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Burns|first=John F.|date=14 May 1998|title=India Sets Off 2 More Nuclear Blasts; U.S. and Japan Impose Sanctions|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/world/asia/051498india-nuke.html|access-date=2022-02-25|website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2001|title=Japan lifts India, Pakistan sanctions|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/east/10/26/japan.sanctions/index.html|access-date=2022-02-25|website=|publisher=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2001|agency=PTI|title=Japan lifts sanctions on India, Pak|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20011027/main4.htm|access-date=2022-02-25|website=|publisher=The Tribune India|archive-date=4 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504215056/https://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20011027/main4.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|~12 countries
|{{En dash}}
|Around 14 countries adopted some form of individual sanction or another following the 1998 nuclear tests with marginal effect.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Synnott|first=Hilary|url=|title=The Causes and Consequences of South Asia's Nuclear Tests|date=2020|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-06308-4|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> Collective sanctions could not gather the required support.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Nayar|first=Baldev Raj|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Njn_SEtP5sC|title=India and the Major Powers After Pokharan II|date=2001|publisher=Har-Anand Publications|isbn=978-81-241-0799-7|pages=24–25}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flagicon|United States}} [[India–United States relations|United States]]
|1992{{En dash}}2011
|[[Indian Space Research Organisation]] was sanctioned for sections of its space program.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Laxman|first=Srinivas|date=6 January 2014|title=US sanctions on India: India overcame US sanctions to develop cryogenic engine|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-overcame-us-sanctions-to-develop-cryogenic-engine/articleshow/28449360.cms|access-date=2022-02-25|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=13 February 2011|title=Sanctions off; NASA lab asks ISRO to partner for moon mission|work=The Economic Times|agency=PTI|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/sanctions-off-nasa-lab-asks-isro-to-partner-for-moon-mission/articleshow/7488573.cms?from=mdr|access-date=2022-02-25}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="2" |{{Flagicon|Pakistan}} [[India–Pakistan relations|Pakistan]]
|2019
|Sanctions such as closure of airspace for all Indians following [[2019 Balakot airstrike]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Khanna|first=Ambika|date=2020-04-30|title=Devising an Indian policy on Sanctions for Pakistan|url=https://www.gatewayhouse.in/indian-policy-sanctions-pakistan/|access-date=2022-02-25|website=Gateway House|language=en}}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Foreign relations of India}}

[[Category:International sanctions]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of India|Sanctions]]

India sanctions - Revision history

AuroraMackellar at 20:45, 6 October 2024