Sandy Saha at 19:58, 21 March 2026

2026-03-21T19:58:58Z

New page

{{Short description|New Year's Days in India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
There are numerous days throughout the year celebrated as '''New Year's Day''' in the different regions of the [[Republic of India]]. The observance is determined by whether the [[lunar calendar|lunar]], [[solar calendar|solar]] or [[lunisolar calendar]] is being followed. For those regions which follow the solar calendar, the new year falls as Chet in [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[Bohag Bihu]] in Assam, [[Puthandu]] in Tamil Nadu, [[Vishu]] in Kerala, [[Maha Bishuba Sankranti]] or Odia Nababarsa in Odisha, [[Pohela Boishakh|Poila Boishakh]] in Bengal and [[Jur Sital]] in the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]] of Bihar in the [[Vaisakha|Vaishakha]] month of the calendar. Generally, this day falls during 14th or 15th of the month of April. Those following the lunar calendar consider the month of [[Chaitra]] (corresponding to March–April) as the first month of the year, so the new year is celebrated on the first day of this month like [[Ugadi]] in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, [[Karnataka]] and [[Gudi Padwa]] in Maharashtra. Similarly, some regions in India consider the period between consecutive [[Sankranti|Sankarantis]] as one month and others take the period between consecutive [[Purnima]]s as a month. In Gujarat the new year is celebrated as the day after [[Diwali]]. As per the Hindu Calendar, it falls on Shukla Paksha Pratipada in the Hindu month of Kartik. As per the Indian Calendar based on the lunar cycle, Kartik is the first month of the year and the New Year in Gujarat falls on the first bright day of Kartik (Ekam). In other parts of India, New Year celebrations begin in the [[Spring (season)|spring]].

==Details==
* Hindu religious festivals are based on [[Vikram Samvat]]. Not withstanding the [[Hindu calendar#Amānta and Purnimānta systems|Purnimanta]] scheme of months that is in use in North India which differs from [[Hindu calendar#Amānta and Purnimānta systems|amanta]] tradition by one fortnight (or [[Paksha]]), the New year in Vikram Samvat is based on ''amanta'' tradition and starts from the first day of Chaitra [[Shukla Paksha]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQ8iAVwA-yEC&q=purnimanta&pg=PA30|title = The Indian Calendar with Tables of the Conversion of Hindu and Muhammadan into A.D. Dates & Vice Versa|isbn = 9788120812079|last1 = Sewell|first1 = Robert|last2 = Dikshit|first2 = S. B.|date = 31 May 1995| publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publisher }}</ref>
* In [[Gujarat]], the fourth day of [[Diwali]] is celebrated as the first day of the Vikram Samvat calendar month of [[Kartik (month)|Kartik]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQ8iAVwA-yEC&q=gujarat&pg=PA32|title = The Indian Calendar with Tables of the Conversion of Hindu and Muhammadan into A.D. Dates & Vice Versa|isbn = 9788120812079|last1 = Sewell|first1 = Robert|last2 = Dikshit|first2 = S. B.|date = 31 May 1995| publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publisher }}</ref>
* Other festivals which are celebrated as new year in India are [[Baha parab]] (among [[Ho people|Ho]], [[Santal people]] and [[Munda people|Munda]]) and [[Sarhul]] (in Jharkhand).

==Calendar view==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Calendar !! Date !! Festival name !! Region / Communities / Religions<ref>{{cite book|author=Roshen Dalal|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC&pg=PA136|year=2010|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-341421-6|pages=136–137}}</ref>
|-
|| Solar || 1 Vaisakh (13/14 April) || [[Vaisakhi]]|| style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Jammu]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], Haryana, [[Chandigarh]] and parts of Delhi
|-
|| Lunar || varies, Mar/Apr || [[Navaratri#Chaitra Navaratri|Chaitra Navaratri]]<br>(Hindu Lunar New Year) || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Himachal Pradesh]], [[Rajasthan]] (except [[Marwar]] region), [[Bihar]] ([[Bhojpuri region|Bhojpur]], [[Magahi culture|Magadh]]), [[Uttar Pradesh]] ([[Awadh]], [[Braj]], [[Bagelkhand]], [[Bhojpuri region|Bhojpur]]-[[Purvanchal]], [[Bundelkhand]], [[Kannauj district|Kannauj]], [[Rohilkhand]]), [[Madhya Pradesh]] ([[Bagelkhand]], [[Bundelkhand]], [[Malwa]], [[Mahakoshal]], [[Gird, India|Gird]]), [[Chhattisgarh]], Jharkhand, and parts of Delhi
|-
|| Lunar || varies, Mar/Apr || [[Ugadi]]||style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]], Karnataka, parts of [[Goa]]
|-
|| Lunar || varies, Mar/Apr || [[Gudi Padwa]] || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Maharashtra]], Goa ([[Konkan]])
|-
|| Lunar || varies, Mar/Apr || [[Navreh]] || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Kashmir]]
|-
|| Lunar || varies, Jun/Jul || Ashadhi Bij || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Kutch]]
|-
|| Lunar || varies, Oct/Nov || [[Sal Mubarak|Nutan Varsh]] || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Gujarat]] and [[Rajasthan]] ([[Marwar]] region)
|-
|| Lunar || varies, Mar/Apr || [[Cheti Chand]] || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Sindh]], [[Sindhi Hindus]]
|-
|| Solar || fixed, 13/14/15 April || [[Mesha Sankranti]]<br>(Hindu Solar New Year) || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Uttarakhand]] ([[Garhwal division|Garhwal]] and [[Kumaon division|Kumaon]]), [[Nepalis]] (parts of [[Nepal]], Sikkim and [[Gorkhaland Territorial Administration|Darjeeling]] of [[West Bengal]])
|-
|| Solar || fixed, 13/14/15 April || [[Puthandu]] || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Tamil Nadu]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |Solar || fixed, 13/14/15 April || [[Vishu]]<br>(traditional) || rowspan="2" style="background: #ffad66;"| [[Kerala]]
|-
| | fixed, 17/18 August || [[Kerala New Year (Kollam era)|1st Chingam]]<br>(Kollam era calendar)
|-
|| Solar || fixed, 14/15 April || [[Bisu Parba]] || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Tulu Nadu]]
|-
|| Lunar || varies, Mar/Apr || [[Sajibu Nongma Panba|Sajibu Cheiraoba]]<ref>{{cite book|author1=Arambam Noni|author2=Kangujam Sanatomba|title=Colonialism and Resistance: Society and State in Manipur|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OzjbCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA249|year=2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-27066-9|page=249}}</ref> || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Manipur]]
|-
|| Solar || fixed, 14/15 Apr || [[Buisu]] ||style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council]] of [[Tripura]]
|-
|| Solar || fixed, 13/14/15 Apr || [[Bwisagu]] ||style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Bodoland Territorial Region]] of [[Assam]]
|-
|| Solar || fixed, 13/14/15 April || [[Bohag Bihu]] ||style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Brahmaputra Valley]] of [[Assam]]
|-
|| Solar ||fixed, 13/14 April || [[Maha Bishuba Sankranti]] || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Odisha]]
|-
|| Solar || fixed, 14/15 April || [[Pahela Baishakh]] || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[West Bengal]], parts of [[Tripura]] and [[Barak Valley]] of [[Assam]]
|-
|| Solar || fixed, 13/14/15 April || [[Jur Sital]] || style="background: #ffad66;" | [[Bihar]] ([[Mithila (region)|Mithila]] region)
|-
|| Lunar || varies, Dec || [[Losoong Festival|Losoong]]/[[Losoong Festival|Namsoong]] || style="background:yellow;"| [[Sikkim]] ([[Bhutia]], [[Lepcha people|Lepcha]])
|-
|| Lunar ||varies, Feb || [[Losar]] || style="background:yellow;"| [[Ladakh]], Arunachal Pradesh ([[Monpa people|Monpa]])
|-
|| Lunar ||varies, Oct/Nov || [[Mha Puja]] || style="background:yellow;"| [[Sikkim]] ([[Newar people|Newar]])
|-
|| Lunar ||varies, Feb/Mar || [[Gyalpo Lhosar]] || style="background:yellow;"| [[Sikkim]] ([[Sherpa people|Sherpa]])
|-
|| Lunar ||varies, Dec/Jan || [[Tamu Lhosar]] || style="background:yellow;"| [[Sikkim]] ([[Gurung people|Gurung]])
|-
|| Lunar ||varies, Jan/Feb || [[Sonam Lhosar]] || style="background:yellow;"| [[Sikkim]] ([[Tamang people|Tamang]])
|-
|| Solar ||fixed, 13/14 Apr || [[Sangken]] || style="background:yellow;"| [[Arunachal Pradesh]] ([[Khamti people|Khamti]], [[Jingpo people#Singpho|Singpho]], [[Khamyang people|Khamyang]], [[Tangsa people|Tangsa]]), [[Assam]] ([[Tai Phake people|Tai Phake]], [[Tai Aiton people|Tai Aiton]], [[Turung people|Turung]])
|-
|| Solar ||fixed, 13/14 Apr || [[Bizhu]] || style="background:yellow;"| [[Chakma Autonomous District Council]] of [[Mizoram]], [[Tripura]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]] ([[Chakma people|Chakma]])
|-
|| Solar ||fixed, 13/14 Apr || [[Sangrai festival|Sangrai]] || style="background:yellow;"| [[Tripura]] ([[Marma people|Mogh]])
|-
|| Solar || varies, 17, 18, 19 Aug<ref name="news">{{cite web |url=http://newsworldindia.in/lifestyle/navroz-special-6-fascinating-facts-about-the-festival/108852/ |title=Navroz Mubarak: 6 Fascinating Facts About Parsi New Year! |date=20 March 2017 |website=newsworldindia.in |publisher=News World India |access-date=30 March 2017 |archive-date=31 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331131103/http://newsworldindia.in/lifestyle/navroz-special-6-fascinating-facts-about-the-festival/108852/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> || [[Pateti]] || style="background:lightpink;"| [[Parsi]]s
|-
|| Solar || fixed, 21 March || [[Nowruz]]<ref name="ToI">{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/irani-new-year-to-be-celebrated-today-and-tomorrow/articleshow/57719657.cms |title=Irani New Year to be celebrated today and tomorrow |last=Jaisinghani |first=Bella |date=19 March 2017 |work=The Times of India |access-date=30 March 2017 |archive-date=26 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326025407/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/irani-new-year-to-be-celebrated-today-and-tomorrow/articleshow/57719657.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>{{refn|group=note|[[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] records state that Nowruz was celebrated in the northwestern [[Indian subcontinent]], but inconsistently, with some Mughal emperors favoring its celebration while others not participating because it was not sanctioned by [[Sharia]]. [[Aurangzeb]] banned its celebration in 1659, calling it a "festival of fireworshippers" and its celebration a "stupid act".<ref>{{cite book|author=Stephen P. Blake|title=Time in Early Modern Islam: Calendar, Ceremony, and Chronology in the Safavid, Mughal and Ottoman Empires|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZUB-FEpPHsoC&pg=PA91 |year=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-03023-7|pages=89–91}}</ref>}} || style="background:lightpink;"| [[Zoroastrianism|Iranis/other Zoroastrians]]
|}

== See also ==
*[[Astronomical basis of the Hindu calendar]]
*[[Diwali in Gujarat]]
*[[Hindu units of time]]
*[[Hindu calendar]]
*[[Indian national calendar]]
*[[Lunar New Year]]
*[[Nyepi]], new year in [[Balinese Hinduism]]
*[[South and Southeast Asian solar New Year]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.north-east-india.com/assam/bihu-festival.html Bihu Festival] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225024153/http://north-east-india.com/assam/bihu-festival.html |date=25 February 2020 }}
*[http://www.baisakhifestival.com/puthandu-in-tamil-nadu.html Puthandu at baisakhifestival.com]
*[http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Festival_of_Manipur.The_concept_of_Sajibu_Cheiraoba Cheiraoba]
*[http://www.koausa.org/Festivals/Navreh/article1.html Navreh – The new year day in Kashmir]

{{New Year by Calendar}}
{{HinduFestivals}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Indian New Year's Days}}
[[Category:Lists of festivals in India|New Year]]
[[Category:New Year in India| ]]

Indian New Year's days - Revision history

Sandy Saha at 19:58, 21 March 2026