>AnomieBOT at 09:49, 8 October 2021

2021-10-08T09:49:09Z

New page

{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Indians in Vietnam
| population = 5,500 (June 2021 est.)<ref name="MEA2021">{{cite web|title=India-Vietnam Bilateral Relations|url=https://mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/Vietnam_new2021.pdf|website=Ministry of External Affairs|publisher=Embassy of India, Hanoi|access-date=5 October 2021|date=June 2021}}</ref>
| popplace = [[Ho Chi Minh City]]
| langs = [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]]{{·}}[[Tamil language|Tamil]]{{·}}[[English language|English]]{{·}}[[Languages of India]]
| rels = [[Hinduism]]{{·}}[[Buddhism]]{{·}}[[Islam]]{{·}}[[Sikhism]]{{·}}[[Religions of India]]
| related-c = [[Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin|Overseas Indians]], [[Khasi people]], [[Munda people]], [[Nicobarese people|Nicobarese]]
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| related_groups =
}}

'''Indians in Vietnam''' consist of migrants to Vietnam from India, both historical and recent. {{As of|2011}}, there were about 2,000 people of Indian origin settled in [[Vietnam]], mainly in [[Ho Chi Minh City]].<ref name="MEA">{{citation|publisher=Ministry of External Affairs|publication-place=Republic of India|url=http://mea.gov.in/mystart.php?id=50044542 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311073951/http://mea.gov.in/mystart.php?id=50044542 |archive-date=March 11, 2012 |title=India-Vietnam relations|date=August 2011|access-date=2011-09-06}}</ref> Prior to the [[Vietnam War]], there was a vibrant Indian community consisting of primarily [[Tamil people|Tamils]], and specifically the [[Chettiar]]s.

The [[Cham people]] (remnants of the [[Champa, Kingdom of|Champa Kingdom]]) of central Vietnam share a long history with India.

Today, the majority of Indians in Vietnam practice a religious syncretism of [[Hinduism]] ([[Brahmanism]]) with [[Mahayana Buddhism]]. Hindu temples serve both Hindus and Buddhists.

There are two main groups of Indians in Vietnam:
The Pre-1975 Indian-Vietnamese, who have been living in Vietnam since the late 1800s;
and the Post-1990s Indian expats who arrived after the [[Doi Moi]] economic reforms, as entrepreneurs, business people, professionals and [[foreign workers]].

== Pre-1975 Indian-Vietnamese ==
In contemporary history, Indians began migrating to Vietnam in the late 19th century, in search for better economic prospects, and/or for colonial civil service.

The Indian migrants came from different regions of India:

- From South India (Deccan)
* Civil servants from [[French India|French colonies in India]] viz. [[Pondicherry]]
* [[South India]]n entrepreneurs and traders viz. Chettiars and [[Tamil Muslim]]s
* Unskilled South Indian laborers
- From North and West India
* [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] and [[Sindhi people|Sindhi]] merchants from [[Mumbai]] (Bombay)
* [[Sikhs]] and other [[Punjabi people|Punjabis]] as security guards and shop owners.

Per the 1937 census by the [[French Indochina|French Indochinese colonial regime]], about 2000 Indians resided in [[Southern Vietnam]] ([[Cochinchina]]), and another 1000 in [[Northern Vietnam]] ([[Tonkin]]), [[Central Vietnam]] ([[Annam (French protectorate)|Annam]]) and [[Laos]]. An estimated 3,000 - 4,000 Indians lived in the [[Republic of Vietnam]] (South Vietnam) in the 1950s and 60s, very few to none in Communist [[North Vietnam]] after its independence in 1945. A Vietnamese source estimated that around 1000 Indians were in Saigon in the 1950s, of whom 400 were from the former [[French India]], and the remainder were the Bombay [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] and [[Sindhi people|Sindhi]] merchants. The Hindu, Muslim and Sikh faiths were represented. The majority were South Indian, and the North Indians were a visible minority. Many Indian-Vietnamese lived in Saigon, coupled with a much smaller presence in [[Đà Nẵng]], [[Đà Lạt]], [[Huế]], and [[Nha Trang]].

The Gujaratis and the Sindhis traded textile, clothing, jewelry and tailoring services; especially in Saigon, where they had many shops. The Chettiars engaged in banking, brokerage, and the rental of commercial buildings, vehicles, boats etc. The Chettiars began their return to India in 1963 due to the political instability after the [[1963 South Vietnamese coup|1963 coup d'état and assassination]] of President [[Ngo Dinh Diem]]. Tamil Muslims built several mosques in Saigon in the 1930s, including the Central Mosque (vi: ''Thánh Đường Đông Du (Dong Du Mosque))'' (ar: ''Jamia Al-Musulman''),<ref name="LonelyPlanet">{{cite web|title=Saigon Central Mosque|url=http://www.lonelyplanet.com/vietnam/ho-chi-minh-city/sights/religious/saigon-central-mosque|work=Travel Info|publisher=Lonely Planet|access-date=11 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="SMT">{{cite web|title=Mosques in Ho Chi Minh City|url=http://www.saigonmuslimtours.com/Muslim-Tours-Information/mosques-in-ho-chi-minh-city/|work=Travel Info|publisher=Saigon Muslim Tours|access-date=11 March 2014}}</ref> the [[Cho Lon|Chợ Lớn]] Mosque (vi: ''Thánh Đường Chợ Lớn''),<ref name="SMT" /> and the Jamiul Islamiyah Mosque.<ref name="SMT" /> Tamil Hindus constructed several prominent temples, notably the [[Mariamman Temple, Ho Chi Minh City|Sri Mariamman temple]] in Ho Chi Minh City, which is also a tourist attraction.;<ref>Sri Mariamman temple in Ho Chi Minh City [http://www.visit-mekong.com/vietnam/ho-chi-minh-city/mariamman-hindu-temple.htm], [http://worldvisitguide.com/salle/MS05151.html]</ref> and the Sikhs built a [[gurdwara]], which now serves as a pharmaceuticals office. Some non-Muslim Indians as well as Muslim Indians, married Vietnamese women. Some Chettiars, had both, a Vietnamese spouse in Vietnam and a Chettiar wife in India.

=== India - Vietnam Relations 1975 and Prior ===

== After the [[Fall of Saigon]] ==
After the [[Fall of Saigon|1975 Communist invasion of South Vietnam]], the Communist regime confiscated and collectivized all private property in the South for little to no compensation, as it had done in the North since 1945. This included the confiscation of Indian-owned private properties such as homes, businesses and places of worship. The former South's [[free market economy]] was ended, as a result of the [[state-run economy]]. Foreigners were unwelcome and harassed. The Indian-Vietnamese fearing further persecution, exited Vietnam, depleting the pre-1975 Indian-Vietnamese presence. The pre-1975 Indian-Vietnamese are few in number today.

==See also==
* [[India–Vietnam relations]]
* [[Hinduism in Vietnam]]
*[[Religion in Vietnam]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{NRI-PIO}}
{{Ethnic groups in Vietnam}}

[[Category:Ethnic groups in Vietnam]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora by country|Vietnam]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora in Asia|Vietnam]]
[[Category:Vietnamese people of Indian descent| ]]

Indians in Vietnam - Revision history

>AnomieBOT at 09:49, 8 October 2021