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{{Short description|Genus of amphibians}}
{{redirect|Indian frog|all of the frogs that are found in the country of India|Frogs of India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Shola talakaverifrog.jpg
| image_caption = Adult ''[[Indirana semipalmata]]''
| taxon = Indirana
| authority = [[Raymond Ferdinand Laurent|Laurent]], 1986
| type_species=''[[Indirana beddomii|Polypedates beddomii]]''
| type_species_authority= [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1876
| diversity = 14 species (see [[#Species|text]])
}}

[[File:Tadpole iruppu.jpg|thumb|Tadpole of ''I.'' cf ''semipalmata'']]
[[File:Indirana spp.jpg|thumb]]
'''''Indirana''''' is a genus of [[frog]]s in the family [[Ranixalidae]].<ref name=frostRanixilidae>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Ranixalidae |title=Ranixalidae Dubois, 1987 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2015 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=7 August 2015}}</ref><ref name=AmphibiaWeb>{{cite web |url=http://www.amphibiaweb.org/lists/Ranixalidae.shtml |title=Ranixalidae |year=2015 |work=AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application] |publisher=Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb |access-date=7 August 2015}}</ref> These frogs are [[endemic]] to the [[Western Ghats]] of [[India]]. They are sometimes known under the common name '''Indian frogs''',<ref name=frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Ranixalidae/Indirana |title=''Indirana'' Laurent, 1986 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2015 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=7 August 2015}}</ref> whereas members of their parent family are named "leaping frogs".<ref name=frostRanixilidae/><ref name=VittCaldwell>{{cite book|title=Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles |edition=4th |first1=Laurie J.|last1= Vitt|first2=Janalee P. |last2=Caldwell|publisher=Academic Press|year=2014|page=503}}</ref>

''Indirana'' represent an ancient radiation of frogs that diverged from all other frogs almost 50 million years ago. This has credited ''[[Indirana gundia]]'' as a status of one of the "Top 100 [[EDGE species|Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered Amphibians]]".<ref name=EDGE/>

==Description==
''Indirana'' species are small and slender-bodied frogs. They are typically found in leaf litter or near streams.<ref name=VittCaldwell/> The [[tadpole]]s have hind limbs and finless tails, and are able to leap away to escape threats.<ref name=EDGE>{{cite web |url=http://www.edgeofexistence.org/amphibians/species_info.php?id=632 |title=Gundia Indian Frog (''Indirana gundia'') |work=EDGE of Existence programme |publisher=Zoological Society of London |access-date=1 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1670/08-158.1| title = Jumping behavior of semiterrestrial tadpoles of ''Indirana beddomii'' (Günth.): relative importance of tail and body size| journal = Journal of Herpetology| volume = 43| issue = 4| pages = 680–684| year = 2009| last1 = Veeranagoudar | first1 = D. K. | last2 = Radder | first2 = R. S. | last3 = Shanbhag | first3 = B. A. | last4 = Saidapur | first4 = S. K. | s2cid = 86364626}}</ref>

[[File:Indirana.JPG|thumb|A frog from the genus ''Indirana'']]

==Taxonomy==
Traditional classifications place the genus within the subfamily [[Ranixalinae]] of the family [[Ranidae]], along with the genera ''[[Nannophrys]]'' and ''[[Nyctibatrachus]]''.<ref>{{cite book|author1=George R. Zug |author2=Laurie J. Vitt |author3=Janalee P. Caldwell |title=Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles|publisher =Academic Press|year =2001|page=430|isbn =978-0-12-782622-6|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=arMcaKnkDiIC&pg=PA430}}</ref> The Ranixalinae have also been placed under the family [[Nyctibatrachidae]].<ref name="zcz">{{cite web|url=http://zipcodezoo.com/Key/Animalia/Ranixalinae_Subfamily.asp|title=Ranixalinae|publisher=ZipCodeZoo, BayScience Foundation, Inc.|access-date=6 March 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602201046/http://zipcodezoo.com/Key/Animalia/Ranixalinae_Subfamily.asp|archive-date=2 June 2014}}</ref> Darrel R. Frost ''et al.'' (2006) placed them within the family [[Petropedetidae]].<ref name=FrostEtAl>{{Cite journal | last1 = Frost | first1 = D. R. | last2 = Grant | first2 = T. | last3 = Faivovich | first3 = J. N. | last4 = Bain | first4 = R. H. | last5 = Haas | first5 = A. | last6 = Haddad | first6 = C. L. F. B. | last7 = De Sá | first7 = R. O. | last8 = Channing | first8 = A. | last9 = Wilkinson | first9 = M. | last10 = Donnellan | first10 = S. C. | last11 = Raxworthy | first11 = C. J. | last12 = Campbell | first12 = J. A. | last13 = Blotto | first13 = B. L. | last14 = Moler | first14 = P. | last15 = Drewes | first15 = R. C. | last16 = Nussbaum | first16 = R. A. | last17 = Lynch | first17 = J. D. | last18 = Green | first18 = D. M. | last19 = Wheeler | first19 = W. C. | title = The Amphibian Tree of Life | journal = Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History | volume = 297 | pages = 1–291| year = 2006 | doi = 10.1206/0003-0090(2006)297[0001:TATOL]2.0.CO;2 | hdl = 2246/5781}}</ref><ref name="zootaxa">{{cite journal|author1=Michael F. Barej |author2=Mark-Oliver Rödel |author3=Legrand Nono Gonwouo |author4=Olivier S.G. Pauwels |author5=Wolfgang Böhme |author6=Andreas Schmitz |year=2010|title=Review of the genus ''Petropedetes'' Reichenow, 1874 in Central Africa with the description of three new species (Amphibia: Anura: Petropedetidae)|journal=Zootaxa|issue=2340|pages=1–49}}</ref>

==Species==
New species are still being discovered: ''[[Indirana salelkari]]'' was discovered in the [[Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary]] in the Indian state of Goa and [[species description|described]] in late July 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Newly discovered frog species named after Goan forest officer|url = http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/newly-discovered-frog-species-named-after-goan-forest-officer-115072901262_1.html|access-date = 2015-08-02 |work=Business Standard |date=2015-07-29}}</ref> The following species are recognised in the genus ''Indirana'':<ref name=frost/>
* ''[[Indirana beddomii]]'' (Günther, 1876)
* ''[[Indirana bhadrai]]'' Garg and Biju, 2016
* ''[[Indirana brachytarsus]]'' (Günther, 1876)
* ''[[Indirana chiravasi]]'' Padhye, Modak, and Dahanukar, 2014
* ''[[Indirana duboisi]]'' Dahanukar, Modak, Krutha, Nameer, Padhye, and Molur, 2016
* ''[[Indirana gundia]]'' (Dubois, 1986)
* ''[[Indirana leithii]]'' (Boulenger, 1888)
* ''[[Indirana longicrus]]'' (Rao, 1937)
* ''[[Indirana paramakri]]'' Garg and Biju, 2016
* ''[[Indirana salelkari]]'' Modak, Dahanukar, and Padhye, 2015
* ''[[Indirana sarojamma]]'' Dahanukar, Modak, Krutha, Nameer, Padhye, and Molur, 2016
* ''[[Indirana semipalmata]]'' (Boulenger, 1882)
* ''[[Indirana tysoni]]'' Dahanukar, Modak, Krutha, Nameer, Padhye, and Molur, 2016
* ''[[Indirana yadera]]'' Dahanukar, Modak, Krutha, Nameer, Padhye, and Molur, 2016

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Indirana}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1932872}}

[[Category:Indirana| ]]
[[Category:Amphibians of India]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of the Western Ghats]]
[[Category:Amphibian genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Raymond Laurent]]

Indirana - Revision history

>ShortDescBot at 23:27, 25 February 2021