>Citation bot at 16:18, 6 May 2021

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{{Short description|Genus of amphibians}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image =
| taxon = Indotyphlus
| authority = [[Edward Harrison Taylor|Taylor]], 1960
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision = 2 species (see [[#Species|text]])
| type_species = ''[[Indotyphlus battersbyi]]''
| type_species_authority = Taylor, 1960
}}

'''''Indotyphlus''''' is a small genus of [[caecilian]]s in the family [[Indotyphlidae]].<ref name=Frost/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb/><ref name="Vitt and Caldwell 2014"/> As caecilians in general, they superficially resemble earthworms.<ref name="Vitt and Caldwell 2014"/> The genus is [[endemic]] to the [[Western Ghats]], India.<ref name=Frost/><ref name="Nussbaum and Wilkinson 1989"/><ref name="Giri et al. 2004"/> They are sometimes known as '''Battersby's caecilians'''.<ref name=Frost/>

==Description==
''Indotyphlus'' are small caecilians, with the largest specimen (a female ''[[Indotyphlus battersbyi]]'') measuring {{convert|24|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} in total length.<ref name="Giri et al. 2004"/> The eyes are visible in sockets, instead of under bone.<ref name="Vitt and Caldwell 2014"/><ref name="Nussbaum and Wilkinson 1989"/><ref name="Giri et al. 2004"/> Other diagnostic characters are absence of [[Temporal bone|temporal]] [[Fossa (anatomy)|fossae]], [[Chondrocranium|mesethmoid]] not being exposed dorsally, presence of [[splenial]] teeth, secondary grooves, and scales, tentacular opening that is closer to the eye than to the external nostril, no unsegmented terminal shield, smallish narial plugs on tongue, absence of [[diastema]] between vomerine and palatine teeth, and absence of terminal keel.<ref name="Nussbaum and Wilkinson 1989"/><ref name="Giri et al. 2004"/>

Development is probably direct, without aquatic larvae.<ref name="Giri et al. 2004"/>

==Habitat==
The genus is unusual among caecilians in that both species have been recorded from relatively open, shallow-soiled areas with long dry season.<ref name="Giri et al. 2004"/>

==Species==
The genus contains two species:<ref name=Frost/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb/><ref>{{ITIS|id=208542 |taxon=''Indotyphlus'' Taylor, 1960}}</ref>
{|style="text-align:left; border:1px solid #999999; width: 55%"
|-style="background:#CCCC99; text-align: center; "
!style="width: 60%; "| Binomial name and author!!style="width: 40%; "|Common name
|-
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| ''[[Indotyphlus battersbyi]]'' {{small|Taylor, 1960}} || Battersby's caecilian
|-style="background:#EEEEEE;"
| ''[[Indotyphlus maharashtraensis]]'' {{small|Giri, Wilkinson, and Gower, 2004}} || Humbarli caecilian, Maharashtra caecilian
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=AmphibiaWeb>{{cite web |url=http://www.amphibiaweb.org/lists/Indotyphlidae.shtml|title=Indotyphlidae |year=2018 |work=AmphibiaWeb |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |access-date=19 April 2018}}</ref>

<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/index.php//Amphibia/Gymnophiona/Indotyphlidae/Indotyphlus |title=''Indotyphlus'' Taylor, 1960 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2018 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=19 April 2018}}</ref>

<ref name="Giri et al. 2004">{{cite journal |last1=Giri |first1=V. B. |author2=M. Wilkinson |author3=D. J. Gower |name-list-style=amp |year=2004 |title=A new species of ''Indotyphlus'' Taylor (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) from the Western Ghats, India |journal=Zootaxa |volume=739 |pages=1–19 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.739.1.1 |doi-broken-date=6 May 2021 |url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2004f/z00739f.pdf}}</ref>

<ref name="Nussbaum and Wilkinson 1989">{{cite journal |last1=Nussbaum |first1=Ronald A. |last2=Wilkinson |first2=Mark |name-list-style=amp |title=On the classification and phylogeny of caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona), a critical review |journal=Herpetological Monographs |date=1989 |volume=3 |pages=1–42 |doi=10.2307/1466984 |jstor=1466984}}</ref>

<ref name="Vitt and Caldwell 2014">{{cite book|title=Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles |edition=4th |first1=Laurie J. |last1=Vitt |first2=Janalee P. |last2=Caldwell |name-list-style=amp |publisher=Academic Press |year=2014 |pages=447, 454}}</ref>
}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q735860}}

[[Category:Indotyphlidae]]
[[Category:Amphibian genera]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Asia]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of the Western Ghats]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Edward Harrison Taylor]]

Indotyphlus - Revision history

>Citation bot at 16:18, 6 May 2021