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{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Indulal Yagnik
| honorific_suffix =
| native_name = ઈન્દુલાલ યાજ્ઞિક
| native_name_lang = Gujarati
| image = Indulal Yagnik 1999 stamp of India.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1892|02|22}}
| birth_place = [[Nadiad]], [[Kheda district|Kheda]], Gujarat
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1972|07|17|1892|02|22}}
| death_place = [[Ahmedabad]]
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| monuments = A statue in garden at east end of Nehru Bridge, Ahmedabad
| residence =
| other_names = Induchacha
| ethnicity =
| education = B.A.,LL.B.
| alma_mater = Gujarat College, [[Ahmedabad]]; [[St. Xavier's College, Mumbai]]
| occupation = Independence activist, politician, separatist, writer, editor, film maker
| years_active = 1915–1972
| employer = [[Bombay Samachar]]
| organization = Gujarat Kisan Parishad, Mahagujarat Janata Parishad, Nutan Mahagujarat Janata Parishad
| known_for = leading [[Mahagujarat Movement]]
| notable_works = Autobiography ''Atmakatha'' (''{{lang-gu|આત્મકથા}}'')
| spouse =
| partner =
| children =
| parents = Kanaiyalal Yagnik ({{lang-gu|કનૈયાલાલ યાજ્ઞિક}})

| awards =
| siblings =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| signature_size =
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}}
'''Indulal Kanaiyalal Yagnik''' (22 February 1892 – 17 July 1972) was an [[Indian independence activist]], who smuggled indian tri colour flag hoisted by Madam Bhikaji Cama from Germany to India. He was a leader of the [[All India Kisan Sabha]] and one who led the [[Mahagujarat Movement]], which spearheaded the demand for the separate statehood of [[Gujarat]] on 8 August 1956.<ref name=sm>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-29/ahmedabad/28132960_1_security-plan-sanat-mehta-student-leader|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309000118/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-29/ahmedabad/28132960_1_security-plan-sanat-mehta-student-leader|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 March 2012|title=Lifting Indu Chacha to higher pedestal|last=Vashi|first=Ashish|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=29 April 2010}}</ref> He is also known as '''Indu Chacha'''.<ref name=sm/><ref name=avs>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-24/ahmedabad/29698319_1_autobiography-indu-chacha-indulal-yagnik|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103123408/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-24/ahmedabad/29698319_1_autobiography-indu-chacha-indulal-yagnik|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|title=Reprint of Indulal Yagnik's autobiography set for release|last=Vashi|first=Ashish|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=24 June 2011|access-date=29 November 2012}}</ref> He was also a writer and film maker.<ref name=avs/>

Yagnik was elected to the [[2nd Lok Sabha]] from [[Ahmedabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ahmedabad constituency]] in the erstwhile [[Bombay state]] in 1957. He was re-elected to the [[3rd Lok Sabha|3rd]], [[4th Lok Sabha|4th]] and [[5th Lok Sabha]] from the same constituency from 1962–1972.<ref name="ch">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vDEOwyZazkQC&pg=PA17|title=Subhas Chandra Bose and middle class radicalism: a study in Indian nationalism 1928–1940|last=Chakrabarty|first=Bidyut|publisher=I. B. Tauris|location=London|year=1990|isbn=1-85043-149-3|page=178}}</ref>

==Early life (1892–1915)==
Yagnik was born at Jhagadia Pol in [[Nadiad]], [[Kheda district|Kheda]], Gujarat.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://m.timesofindia.com/city/ahmedabad/Birthplace-of-architect-of-Gujarat-in-shambles/articleshow/18621145.cms|title=Birthplace of architect of Gujarat in shambles|first=Hitesh|last=Chavda|date=22 February 2013|access-date=4 September 2014}}</ref> His father Kanaiyalal died at a young age while studying. Yagnik completed his primary and secondary education in [[Nadiad]] and after passing the matriculation examination in 1906, he joined the [[Gujarat College]] in [[Ahmedabad]]. After passing the intermediate examination, he took admission to the [[St. Xavier's College, Mumbai|St. Xavier's College, Bombay]] and passed his B.A. examination from there. In 1912, he passed his L.L.B. examination.<ref name="ch"/>

==Independence movement (1915–1947)==
Yagnik brought the tri colour flag from Stuttgart, Germany which was hoisted by Madam Cama. Yagnik was deeply influenced by [[Annie Besant]] during his college days. In 1915, along with Jamnadas Dwarkadas and Shankerlal Banker, he published an English language magazine, ''[[Young India]]'', from [[Bombay]].<ref name="ch"/><ref>Chandra, Bipan and others (1998). ''India's Struggle for Independence'', New Delhi: Penguin Books, {{ISBN|0-14-010781-9}}, p.161</ref> In the same year, publication of the [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] monthly ''Navjivan ane Satya'' started. Yagnik was its editor until 1919, when he handed it over to [[Mahatma Gandhi]]. He wrote the first 30 chapters of Gandhi's autobiography in Yeravada jail after taking dictation from him.<ref name=cv>{{cite news|title=Indulal boycotted Swadeshi movement to express disapproval of Bapu's philosophy|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-25/ahmedabad/29702833_1_gandhiji-yeravada-jail-bapu|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103114617/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-25/ahmedabad/29702833_1_gandhiji-yeravada-jail-bapu|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|access-date=25 November 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=25 June 2011}}</ref>

He joined the [[Servants of India Society]] in the same year but resigned in 1917 and joined the [[Indian Home Rule Movement|Home Rule Movement]].<ref name="ch"/> In 1918, he participated in the [[Kheda Satyagraha]] led by Gandhi.<ref>Chandra, Bipan and others (1998). ''India's Struggle for Independence'', New Delhi: Penguin Books, {{ISBN|0-14-010781-9}}, p.180</ref> In 1921 he became the secretary of the Gujarat Pradesh Congress Committee. In October 1922 he started another Gujarati monthly, ''Yugadharm''. He was imprisoned by the British from April 1923 to March 1924.<ref name="ch"/> From 1924–28, he was the editor of ''Hindustan'', a Gujarati daily from Bombay. During 1926–27, he was also an assistant editor of ''[[The Bombay Chronicle]]''. He travelled to a number of countries in Europe from 1930–35.<ref name="ch"/>

In 1936, he took active initiative in the formation of the All India Kisan Sabha and participated in its first session.<ref>Chandra, Bipan and others (1998). ''India's Struggle for Independence'', New Delhi: Penguin Books, {{ISBN|0-14-010781-9}}, p.345</ref> In 1939, he founded the ''Gujarat Kisan Parishad''. He was again imprisoned during 1940–41 for his anti-war campaign. In 1942, he presided over the annual session of the Akhil Hind Kisan Sabha. He started the Gujarati daily ''Nutan Gujarat'' in 1943.<ref name="ch"/>

==Post-independence (1947–1972)==
In 1956, Yagnik led the [[Mahagujarat Movement]] for a separate Gujarat state and became the founder president of the Mahagujarat Janata Parishad.<ref name="ch"/> In 1957, he was elected to the 2nd Lok Sabha from Ahmedabad constituency as a Mahagujarat Janata Parishad candidate.<ref name="ch"/> After the formation of Gujarat state on 1 May 1960, Mahagujarat Janata Parishad was dissolved.<ref name=av>{{cite news|last=Vashi|first=Ashish|title=Common man who never became CM|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-30/ahmedabad/28113912_1_navjivan-trust-satyagraha-separate-state|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103100415/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-30/ahmedabad/28113912_1_navjivan-trust-satyagraha-separate-state|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|access-date=25 November 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=30 April 2010}}</ref> In June 1960 he founded the Nutan Maha Gujarat Janata Parishad and was re-elected to the 3rd Lok Sabha as its candidate in 1962.<ref name="ch"/>

He died on 17 July 1972 at [[Ahmedabad]].

==Works==

===Books===
[[File:Indulal Yagnik Statue.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Statue of Indulal Yagnik in a garden at east end of [[Nehru Bridge]], [[Ahmedabad]]]]
* Yagnik's most notable work in [[Gujarati language]] is his autobiographical work, ''Atmakatha'' (''{{lang-gu|આત્મકથા}}'') in six volumes.<ref name=avs/><ref name=g>{{cite web|title=Google books Author search|url=http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&tbo=d&tbm=bks&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Indulal+Yagnik%22|work=books.google.com}}</ref><ref name=g2>{{cite web|title=Google books Author search|url=http://www.google.com/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22INDULAL.+YAGNIK%22#hl=en&tbo=d&tbm=bks&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Indulal+Kanaiyalal+Yajnik%22&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_qf.&fp=ef021d5181e09820&bpcl=38897761&biw=1366&bih=667|work=books.google.com}}</ref>
** ''Jivan Vikas'' (Development of Life)
** ''Gujarat ma Navjivan'' (New Life in Gujarat)
** ''Karavas'' (Imprisonment)
** ''Jivan Sangram'' (Life's Struggle)
** ''Kisan Katha'' (Peasant stories)
** ''Chhella Vahen'' (Last streams)
* ''Yaroḍā āśrama:1923–24 na Gandhiji na Karavas na Sansmarano'', 1952 – reminiscences about [[Mahatma Gandhi]] during his imprisonment in Yeravada Jail<ref name=g/>
* ''Pīr-i Sābarmatī'' (Urdu) (Gandhi as I knew him), 1943<ref name=g2/>
* ''Shyamaji Krishnavarma: life and times of an Indian revolutionary'', 1950<ref name=g2/>
* ''Fight for Swadeshi'', 1954<ref name=g2/>
* ''Raṇachoḍadāsa Bhavāna Loṭavālā nī jīvana jharamara'' (Life of Ranchoddas Bhavan Lotvala), 1952<ref name=g2/>
* His novel ''Maya'' has the [[Mahagujarat Movement]] as the backdrop and he wanted to make a Hindi film on the subject but it never happened.<ref name=toi2>{{cite news|last=Vashi|first=Ashish|title=Midnight's Children saw golden dawn|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-27/ahmedabad/28133950_1_mahagujarat-movement-che-film-maker|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103074439/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-27/ahmedabad/28133950_1_mahagujarat-movement-che-film-maker|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|access-date=25 November 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=27 April 2010}}</ref>
* ''Jaher Jivan na Sathi''<ref name=g/>

===Publications===
He started or edited several magazines including ''[[Young India]]'', ''Navjivan ane Satya'', and ''Yugadharm'', and newspapers including ''[[Mumbai Samachar]]'', ''Nutan Gujarat'', ''[[The Bombay Chronicle]]'', and ''Hindustan''.

===Plays===
* ''Asha-Nirasha'' – a play depicting the Satyagraha movement in Bardoli, Gujarat<ref name=g2/>
* ''Raṇasaṅgrāma'' – collection of three plays<ref name=g/>
* ''Śobhārāmanī saradārī''<ref name=g/>
* ''Varaghodo : Jagrat Stritva nu Natak'' – a play on feminism<ref name=g/>

===Poetry===
* ''Rashtrageet'' – anthology of patriotic poetry<ref name=g/>

===Short notes===
* "A Programme of Swadeshi for Complete Swaraj", 1967<ref name=g/>
* "Agrarian Disturbances in India"<ref name=g/>

===Films===
His company, Young India Pictures, produced more than ten films in Gujarati.<ref name=avs/><ref name="GokulsingDissanayake2013">{{cite book|author1=K. Moti Gokulsing|author2=Wimal Dissanayake|title=Routledge Handbook of Indian Cinemas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=djUFmlFbzFkC&pg=PA99|date= 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-77284-9|page=89}}</ref> Some of them are:
* ''Pavagadh nu Patan'' (1928)
* ''Kali no Aekko''
* ''Kashmir nu Ghulab''
* ''Young India''
* ''Rakhpat Rakhapat''

==Recognition==
* [[India Post]] issued a postage stamp depicting his photo with his publication ''Navjivan'' and a couple holding the flag in background on 9 December 1999.<ref>{{cite web|title=Photo Gallery-Indulal Yagnik Stamp|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/phtgalry/pg1299/pg07dc99/071299c.html|work=www.pib.nic.in|publisher=Press Information Bureau|access-date=30 November 2012}}</ref>
* A statue of Indulal Yagnik was erected in a small garden at east end of [[Nehru Bridge]], Ahmedabad, and the garden was named after him.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-29/ahmedabad/28132960_1_security-plan-sanat-mehta-student-leader | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309000118/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-29/ahmedabad/28132960_1_security-plan-sanat-mehta-student-leader | url-status=dead | archive-date=9 March 2012 | title=Lifting Indu Chacha to higher pedestal | newspaper=[[The Times of India]] | date=29 April 2010 | last=Vashi | first=Ashish }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Commons category|Indulal Yagnik}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yagnik, Indulal}}
[[Category:1892 births]]
[[Category:1972 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Gujarat]]
[[Category:2nd Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:3rd Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:4th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:5th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language writers]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Film producers from Gujarat]]
[[Category:People from Nadiad]]
[[Category:Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Indian editors]]
[[Category:Indian autobiographers]]

Indulal Yagnik - Revision history

>Editrite! at 02:58, 7 December 2021