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{{short description|Indian politician and revolutionary}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Jadugopal Mukherjee
| image = Jadugopal Mukherjee on floor of his home at Ranchi, 1960.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Jadugopal Mukherjee on floor of his home at Ranchi, 1960
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1886|09|18|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Tamluk]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1976|08|30|1886|09|18|df=yes}}
| death_place =
| movement = [[Indian Independence Movement]]
| organization =[[Jugantar]],
[[Hindustan Republican Association]]
| other_names =
| known_for =
| occupation = [[Freedom fighter]]
}}
{{Anushilan Samiti}}
'''Jadu Gopal Mukherjee''' (18 September 1886 – 30 August 1976) was a [[Bengali people|Bengali]] [[India]]n revolutionary who, as the successor of [[Jatindranath Mukherjee]] or [[Bagha Jatin]], led the [[Jugantar]] members to recognise and accept [[Gandhi]]'s movement as the culmination of their own aspiration.

==Early life==
Jadugopal or Jadu was born at [[Tamluk]] in the district of [[Medinipur]] on the bank of the [[Rupnarayan River]] in West Bengal, where his father Kishorilal practised law and distinguished himself as a [[Kheyal]] singer. The family came from Beniatola in north [[Kolkata]]. Jadu's mother Bhubanmohini hailed from a [[Vaishnava]] family and transmitted in her children a spirit of devotion. Jadu's younger brother was to settle in the US and to be known in the West the famous writer and cultural scholar [[Dhan Gopal Mukerji]]. As an upper class student of the [[Scottish Church College, Calcutta|Duff School]] in Kolkata, Jadu learnt to think patriotically, thanks to one of his teachers. He became a member of the Kolkata [[Anushilan Samiti|Anushilan]] Party in 1905, attracted by its physical culture and, on the foil of the Partition, by its political climate. He writes in his autobiography that the single-handed fight of [[Bagha Jatin]] with a Royal Bengal tiger thrilled him and his friends in 1906, and he had an impression of belonging to a heroic epoch. After the F.A. examination, in 1908, Jadu entered the [[Calcutta Medical College]]. Fond of observing and analysing the rising tide of patriotism and the Government measures to repress them, Jadu preferred remaining aloof, confining himself to a couple of close friends.<ref>''biplabi jiban'er smriti'', by Jadugopal Mukherjee, Calcutta, 1982 (2nd edition)</ref>

==First World War==
{{Main|Hindu German Conspiracy}}
Relief work during the 1913 [[Damodar River|Damodar]] floods brought Jadu close to [[Bagha Jatin]] and the latter's important associates. Busy cementing the regional units for organising an armed insurrection during the forthcoming War, Jatin designated [[Rash Behari Bose]] as the responsible for Upper India. Though jealous of [[Naren Bhattacharya]]'s proximity with Jatin, Jadu received the charge of developing the external links, mainly with [[Taraknath Das]] in California and [[Virendranath Chattopadhyay]] in Germany. With the failure of the [[Indo-German Plan]] and Bagha Jatin's sudden death in 1915, finding [[Atulkrishna Ghosh]], the legitimate right-hand man of Jatin, plunged in a momentary despair, Jadu replaced him and asked the revolutionaries to disperse. During Jadu's absence, [[Bhupendra Kumar Datta]] maintained the leadership till his arrest in 1917.

==Absconding leader comes home==
Hiding in the hilly forests of Assam-Burma and Tibeto-Bhutan frontiers, Jadu was informed about the impact of the revolutionaries' activities on the Imperialists and about the question of a possible concession of constitutional reforms with the Rowlatt Act at the end of World War I. Returning home in 1921, Jadu obtained a special permission to sit for the Medical degree Examination and passed it with record results in 1922. After Gandhi's first failure, according to their initial contract, the [[Jugantar]] members worked under Deshbandhu [[Chittaranjan Das]] and [[Satyendra Chandra Mitra]] to form the alternative [[Swaraj]] movement and they declared their new programme by celebrating the 8th anniversary of [[Bagha Jatin]]'s self-giving on 9 September 1923, from Bengal to Punjab.

After receiving a message from [[Lala Har Dayal]], Pandit [[Ram Prasad Bismil]] went to [[Allahabad]] where he drafted the constitution of [[Hindustan Republican Association]] in the winter season of 1923 with the help of Dr. Jadugopal Mukherjee and [[Sachindra Nath Sanyal]] both of these revolutionaries were from [[Bengal]].<ref>Dr. Mehrotra N.C. ''Swatantrata Andolan Mein Shahjahanpur Ka Yogdan'' 1995 Shaheed-E-Azam Pt. Ram Prasad Bismil Trust [[Shahjahanpur]], pp. 109, 146</ref> The basic name and aims of the organisation were typed on a ''Yellow Paper'' in Allahabad.

Alerted by this, the British authorities immediately arrested the radicals; arrested for the first time, Jadu was detained under the State Prisoners' Regulation for four years. Released in 1927, he was externed from Bengal. Settled in Ranchi, he earned an outstanding reputation in TB treatment. He married Amiyarani Chaudhuri in 1934 and had two sons. At this juncture, he succeeded in bringing together the [[Jugantar]] and the [[Anushilan Samiti|Anushilan]] radicals, creating the short-lived federated Karmi-Sangha; under the pretext that [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] and the [[Jugantar]] leaders were indifferent to their efficiency, the members of the [[Anushilan Samiti|Anushilan]] put an end to this fusion.

Jadu took the initiative, in 1938, and announced that the [[Jugantar]] stopped existing as a Party distinct from the Congress, extending its full support to Gandhi. Arrested again for helping Gandhi to organise the [[Quit India]] movement, in 1942, he was released two years later. He disagreed with the Congress compromise on vital issues such as complete independence and partition of India, and he resigned in 1947. He died in 1976.<ref>''Sadhak-biplabi jatindranath'' by [[Prithwindra Mukherjee]], West Bengal State Book Board, Calcutta</ref>

==References==
<references />

{{Indian Revolutionary Movement}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mukherjee, Jadugopal}}
[[Category:Anushilan Samiti]]
[[Category:Bengali politicians]]
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1976 deaths]]
[[Category:Hindu–German Conspiracy]]
[[Category:Scottish Church College alumni]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Bengali Hindus]]
[[Category:Hindustan Socialist Republican Association]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Bengal]]

Jadugopal Mukherjee - Revision history

CleanupBot at 05:43, 22 March 2026