>Citation bot at 07:05, 23 October 2020

2020-10-23T07:05:33Z

New page

{{short description|Indian industrialist and philanthropist (1887-1974)}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja
| image =
| alt =
| caption = Jagmal Raja in 1950s
| birth_name = Jagmal Raja Chauhan
| birth_date = {{birth year|1887}}
| birth_place = [[Nagor]], [[Cutch State|Cutch]]
| death_date = {{death year and age|1974|1887}}
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], India
| other_names =
| known_for = railway bridge constructions, glass industry pioneer, aviation pioneers, miner, architect, philanthropist
| occupation = Industrialist, Railway Contractor, Architect, Airline owner, Miner, Philanthropist
}}
'''Jagmal Raja Chauhan''' (1887–1974), better known as '''Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja''', was a noted railway contractor, industrialist, miner, private banker, aviation pioneer and philanthropist of India.<ref name=A/>

==Early life==

He was born in 1887 in a small village named [[Nagher]], in [[Kutch]] and belonged to the [[Mestri (community)|Mestri]] community.<ref name=A>[https://books.google.com/books?id=HGRuAAAAMAAJ&q=rai+bahadur+jagmal+raja&dq=rai+bahadur+jagmal+raja&hl=en&ei=CI7LTKudH4amvQPaud3PDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CD8Q6AEwBQ Jagmal Raja, Rai Bahadur, Land-lord, Industrialist and Contractor. Born and educated at Nagher, a village in Cutch. He joined his father's business of Railway Contracts on the Railway at an early age. He also owns valuable landed property in Allehabad, a Colliery in Jharia, the Bombay Glass Works at Matunga and at Gujarat. In recognition of his services to Indian Industries, he was created a Rai Bahadur in 1924.] Modern Bombay and Indian states by T. Peters, Who's Who Publishers (India), 1942,page 250</ref><ref name=C>[https://books.google.com/books?id=q9gCAAAAMAAJ&q=JAGMAL+RAJA&dq=JAGMAL+RAJA&hl=en&ei=kd2-TfWgJcrirAfen_GFBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CEwQ6AEwCTgK Jagmal Raja Rai Bahadur Life sketch] Modern Bombay and her patriotic citizens Who's Who Publishers (India), 1941 Page 250.</ref><ref name=kgk/><ref name=N/> He left schooling early and joined his father's business of railway contractor at an early age of twelve only. He carried on his father's legacy to become a reputed and noted Railway Contractor of British India.<ref name=N/><ref name=KD/><ref>Who's who in India, Burma & Ceylon, 1941</ref>

==Builder, railways contractor, engineer and architect==

===Railway contracts for railways and bridges===

His father Raja Narayan Chauhan was also a noted railway contractor. Raja Narayan of [[Nagor]] with Mulji Meghji Chauhan also of Nagor in 1903 together built bridge over [[Yamuna]] river at [[Agra]]. Jagmal Raja Chauhan carried on father's legacy, who joined him at an early age of twelve to get practical knowledge of building bridges and laying rail lines.

Some of his railway contract works are in 1904 – railway track from [[Bulandshahr]] to [[Hapur]], 1904– [[Shahdara]] to [[Saharanpur]], 1906 – [[Aligarh]] Station, in 1906 – [[Balamau]] to [[Sitapur]], 1908 – [[Allahbad]], the [[Ganges]] Railway Bridge construction, 1911 – Allahbad, the [[Yamuna]] Bridge doubling, 1912 – [[Kanpur]] to [[Banda, Uttar Pradesh|Banda]] including the bridge near [[Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh|Hamirpur]] over Yamuna river, 1913 – [[Hugli-Chuchura|Hooghly]]- [[Katwa]] section, 1913 – [[Gun Carriage Factory Jabalpur|Jabalpur Gun Carriage]] siding, 1914 – the [[Mughalsarai]] railway yard extension, 1915 – [[Gaya, India|Gaya]] – [[Katras]] doubling, 1916 – [[Gaya, India|Gaya]] yard extension, 1922 – the [[Dhanbad]] railway yard extension, 1924 – [[Calcutta]], the [[Kidderpore]] Docks extension, 1925 – [[Dehri-on-Sone railway station|Dehri on Sone]] bridge, 1927– doubling of the [[Nehru Setu|Bridge]] over [[Son River]] near [[Arrah]], 1927 – [[Allahbad]], the [[Yamuna]] bridge re-girding (in 1911 he had done doubling of same bridge), 1926–32 – [[Bally Bridge]], 1932 [[Dankuni]] to [[Dum Dum]] for Calcutta Chord Railway<ref name=A/><ref name=N/><ref name=KD/>

In 1926, Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja started construction of the [[Bally Bridge]] in [[Calcutta]], which he completed in 1932.<ref name=B/><ref>{{cite book|title=Kolkata: City Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eUq9heKpjEIC&pg=PA75|accessdate=30 March 2016|year=2011|publisher=Goodearth Publications|isbn=978-93-80262-15-4|page=75}}</ref> In all the railway contracts done by him, his partners and sub-contractors were railway contractors from his own community – [[Mistris of Kutch]]. The Bally Bridge was named Willingdon Bridge after Viceroy of India, [[Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon|The Marquess of Willingdon]], who inaugurated it. The British acknowledged the feat of Jagmal Raja, by naming the first train that ran across Willingdon Bridge as ''Jagmal Raja Howrah Express''. The name plates mentioning ''Erection & [[Caisson (engineering)|Caissoning]] done by Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja, Allahbad'', can still be seen riveted on each [[girder]] of Bally Bridge.<ref name=A/><ref name=N/><ref name=KD/><ref name=B/><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ada.iiita.ac.in/inner.php?conf=rtiquery&pno=49 |title=Mr. Jagamal Chauhan. He was better known as Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja Chauhan who built Vivekanand Bridge at Hoogly Riaver and also involved in Allahabad Glass Works. |access-date=12 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811033645/http://ada.iiita.ac.in/inner.php?conf=rtiquery&pno=49 |archive-date=11 August 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Contractor for docks===

Further, in 1924 the extension of [[Kolkata Port Trust|Calcutta Port Trust]] at [[Khidirpur|Khiddirpore]] in [[Calcutta]] was made by building a new dock named the "King George Dockyard", which was done by Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja Chauhan with Bhimjee Pancha Chauhan & Mavji Punja Chauhan, all from [[Nagor]]. This work was completed in 1927 and the dock has now been renamed as "Netaji Subhas Docks".<ref name=A/><ref name=N/><ref name=KD/>

===Architect and builder===
H.H. [[Khengarji III|Maharao Shri Khengarji III]] of Cutch used to stay in hotels when he visited Bombay. Jagmal Raja, who was close friend of the King and once ADC to him, did not like this. He impressed upon the King that a ruler like him should have a personal mansion in the city. The Rao entrusted the job to build the mansion to Jagmal Raja, who personally built [[Cutch Castle]] in the 1920s in Bombay.<ref name=A/><ref name=N/><ref name=KD/>

Again Jagmal Raja Chauhan was one of the persons involved in supervision and construction of [[Vijay Vilas Palace]] built during the years 1920–1929 in which many artisans of [[Mistris of Kutch|Mistri]] community of Cutch worked along with other artisans and craftsman from [[Rajasthan]], [[Bengal]] and [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]].<ref name=A/><ref name=N/><ref name=KD/>

In 1932 upon completion of [[Bally Bridge]], Jagmal Raja was recommended by [[Viceroy of India]] to King of [[Nepal]], who needed a contractor of repute to do renovation and rehabilitation of his royal palaces & temples. He was given the contract for the same and Parbat Harji Chauhan, Karaman Devji Chauhan both of [[Kukma]] and Manji Shivjee of [[Madhapar]] were delegated by Jagmal Raja as main supervisor and completed the work. A team of 200 artisans was sent from Kutch to do this massive job.<ref name=A/><ref name=N/><ref name=KD>Kutch Darpan (Gujarati Magazine published from Vadodara) August 2009 issue (article on Jagmal Raja Chauhan)</ref>

He was also involved in construction and erection [[Darya Mahal]], the second monumental residence of Maharao Khengarji III of Cutch, which was commissioned in 1940. Maharao advised Jagmal Raja to oversee the construction but as he was too busy in his other business ventures, he declined to take complete responsibility, however, he sent a team of expert [[Mestri (community)|Mistri]] artisans from Kutch, who worked with other architects appointed by the king.<ref name=kgk/>

Further, he also built his personal residential palace at M.G Road in Allahbad in the decades of 1920, which was spread in acres and built like a royal palace, as a replica of [[Prag Mahal]] of Bhuj. Remnants of his palace can still be seen in the city.<ref name=A/><ref name=N/><ref name=KD/>

==Industrialist==

===Glass and ceramics===
He was a pioneer in the glass and ceramic industry of India, who founded Allahbad Glass Factory<ref name=A/><ref name=C/><ref name=D/><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=B2w6AQAAIAAJ&q=JAGMAL+RAJA&dq=JAGMAL+RAJA&hl=en&ei=Vt2-TcARhO2tB7OY1IoG&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CFEQ6AEwCQ Allahbad Glass Works Private Limited, Jagmal Raja & Sons Private Limited]</ref> and Naini Glass Works both located at [[Naini]] in 1912. In 1919, his glass factory at Naini was visited by [[Harcourt Butler|Sir Harcort Butler]], the Lieutenant Governor of the [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Pioneer Mail and Indian Weekly News, Volume 46|page=44|year=1919|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nxNDAQAAIAAJ&q=jagmal+glass}}</ref> Later he established another glass factory named, Bombay Glass Works at [[Bombay]] in 1930 and one more named Raja Glass Works at [[Sodepur]] near Calcutta in 1932.<ref name=A/><ref name=C/> In 1941 he was conferred Fellowship by Society of Glass Technology, London for his contributions to glass and ceramic industry of world. Others conferred fellowship with him were John Northwood of England Pandit Vishnu Datta of India.<ref name=D>[https://books.google.com/books?id=WxHyAAAAMAAJ&q=JAGMAL+RAJA&dq=JAGMAL+RAJA&hl=en&ei=U3N8TOvYFI6ovQOyvb2rAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAg The honorary general secretary announced that the council had conferred Fellowship on Mr John Northwood, Pandit Vishnu Datta and Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja] ''Journal of the Society of Glass Technology'', Volume 32 Page 4.</ref>

He also started a Sanitary ware factory in year 1932 at [[Derol Station|Derol]] named Gujarat Pottery Works and owned tiles factory, fire clay factory.<ref name=NJ/><ref name=zz/><ref>Gujarat State Gazetteers: Panchmahals - Page 339, 1972</ref><ref>Records of the Geological Survey of India - page 528, 1954.</ref>

===Pharmaceuticals===
He was Chairman of [[Zandu Realty|Zandu Pharmaceutical]] for several years.<ref name=N/>

===Airline & navigation===

Jagmal Raja was one of the promoters with other [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] businessman of Bombay - Haridas Madhavdas, Vijaysinh Govindji and Vithaldas Kanji of a shipping company named [[Shri Ambica Steam Navigation Company]], which was founded in 1945,<ref>''Our seafaring in the {{sic|the}} Indian Ocean'' by Odayamadath Kunjappa Nambiar, 1975</ref> It operated in western coast of India having its head office at Bombay.<ref name=kgk/><ref name=N/>

They also later started in 1947, one airline company named [[Ambica Airlines]], which was subsidiary of Ambica Steam Navigation Company<ref>[http://www.indiankanoon.org/doc/76683/ Ambica Airlines Legal : Jagmal Raja v/s Crown]</ref><ref>[http://www.airlinehistory.co.uk/RestofWorld/India/Airlines.asp Ambica Airlines]</ref> which operated on Bombay – [[Bhuj]] – [[Rajkot]] – [[Jamnagar]] – [[Morvi]] and Bombay – [[Baroda]] – [[Ahmedabad]] air routes.<ref name=N/> The Ambica Airlines closed in 1949 due to insufficient traffic and litigation.

===Miner===

Like many members the [[Mistris of Kutch|Mistri community of Kutch]] to which he belonged, he owned coal mine named Rajapur Colliery near [[Jharia]],<ref name=A/> which he held in partnership with [[Manji Jeram Rathod]] of [[Madhapar]].<ref name=N/><ref name=NJ/><ref>{{cite book|title=Indian Coal Statistics|year=1915|publisher=India (Republic). Dept. of Mines|page=17|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FsVXAAAAYAAJ&q=raja}}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=P5AyAAAAMAAJ&q=JAGMAL+RAJA&dq=JAGMAL+RAJA&hl=en&ei=kd2-TfWgJcrirAfen_GFBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CEkQ6AEwCDgK Jagmal Raja Rai Bahadur (Rajapore Colliery) Jharia] Indian export directory: with foreign section, Volume 4, 1965. Colliries and Coal Merchants Page 19 and 48</ref> He entered into coal mining business purchasing the mines in 1913 from one [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] miner, Bhawan Kara of [[Balambha]]. His partner in coal mines, Manji Jeram died in 1954, however, he carried on his mining business till 1970, when he sold his mine just one year before nationalisation of coal mines in India.<ref name=NJ/>

He owned [[Silica]] mines at Bargad in [[Shankargarh]], the produce of which was used by the glass factories owned by him.<ref name=NJ/>

===Bus transport===
In 1945, [[Cutch State]] started its own passenger bus service. Jagmal Raja was quick to capitalise on this opportunity and took on contract the Bhuj- [[Anjar, India|Anjar]] – [[Mundra]] bus route, which he operated till 1948, when Cutch merged into Union of India.<ref name=kgk/>

===Banker===
He worked as a private banker from [[Jharia]] with his trusted partner [[Manji Jeram Rathod|Manji Jeram Rathod of Madhapar]] and used to give loans and funding especially for coal mines business.<ref name=NJ/>
`

===Insurance===
He was also one of the promoters and directors of an insurance company named Indian Globe Insurance Company started in 1929<ref>[http://informix.in/indian_globe_insurance_company_limited_mumbai/562213/ INDIAN GLOBE INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED]</ref> and he also owned a finance company<ref name=NJ/><ref>{{cite book|title=The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who|date=1964|page=819|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LcEQAQAAMAAJ&q=indian+globe+|accessdate=8 October 2017|language=en}}</ref>

===Paper Mills & Other Ventures===
Among his other industrial venture were a paper board factory at [[Dahanu]] named Dahanu Straw Boards, an aromatics unit named Hindustan Aromatics, ice factory, cold storage & export business. He also ventured into packaged food and pickle export business.<ref name=N/><ref name=NJ/>

==Personal life==

He had residence, offices and factories at [[Allahbad]] and [[Bombay]] and his personal mansions at both cities.<ref name=A/><ref name=NJ>'''Diary of Golden Days at Jharia – A Memoir & History of Gurjar Kashtriya Samaj of Kutch in Coalfields of Jharia''' – written by Natwarlal Devram Jethwa of Calcutta & Sinugra compiled by Raja Pawan Jethwa (1998).</ref>

He shared personal friendship with Maharao of Cutch, [[Khengarji III]] and was personal [[aide-de-camp]] (ADC) to him in Coronation ceremony of [[George VI of the United Kingdom|King George VI]] in 1937. He was the only person from any community of Kutch, who had the privilege of being ADC to Maharao Khengarji III. Sir Maharao Khengarji, as a mark of their friendship, honoured Jagmal Raja, by his presence, when Degree of Engineering was conferred upon him in London.<ref name=N/> He was among few persons, who was given permission by Khengarji III to hold a car in Cutch State.

Apart from Maharao of Cutch, he held friendly relations with Viceroy Lord Irwin, [[Shankargarh|Raja of Shankargarh]], [[Rajkot State|Jam of Rajkot]], [[Nawanagar State|Jam Sahib of Jamnagar]], [[Rana dynasty|Rana]] of [[Kingdom of Nepal|Nepal]] and [[Rewa (princely state)|Raja of Rewa]].<ref name=N/><ref name=KD/>

He built numerous railway lines and railway bridges and was pioneer in glass & ceramic industry of India, for which he was given title of [[Rao Bahadur]] in 1924 at a function held in [[Shimla]], summer Capital of British India by Viceroy of India, [[Rufus Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading|The Earl of Reading]]. His construction of [[Bally Bridge]] was noted.<ref name=A/><ref name=C/><ref name=B>[https://books.google.com/books?id=vYM1AAAAMAAJ&q=JAGMAL+RAJA&dq=JAGMAL+RAJA&hl=en&ei=kd2-TfWgJcrirAfen_GFBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDsQ6AEwBDgK Willingdon Bridge, Calcutta. The work was carried out by Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja, Assoc. Inst. CE] Minutes of proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Volume 235, Part 1. Institution of Civil Engineers (Great Britain) 1934. Pagw 83.</ref> Although, he had studied up to fifth standard in his native village ([[Nagor]]), he had the distinction of being conferred with Degree of AEIE (UK) on recommendation of Viceroy of India, [[E. F. L. Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax|Lord Irwin]].<ref name=B/><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=8MPVAAAAMAAJ&q=JAGMAL+RAJA&dq=JAGMAL+RAJA&hl=en&ei=kd2-TfWgJcrirAfen_GFBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAjgK Rai Bahadur Jagmal Raja, E, 1931] Journal of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Volume 12, 1939.</ref>

He was also very close with [[Motilal Nehru]] and [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] and marriage procession of both the daughters of Motilal Nehru – [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit|Vijaya Nehru]] & [[Krishna Hutheesing|Krishna Nehru]] had started from his mansion at M.G. Road in [[Allahbad]].<ref name=N/> He once participated in elections from Allahbad.<ref name=kgk>''Kutch Gurjar Kshatriya Community : A brief History & Glory'' by Raja Pawan Jethwa. (Kolkata, 2007)</ref><ref name=N>''Nanji Bapa ni Nondh-pothi'' published in Gujarati in 1999 from Vadodara. It is a diary of Railway Contracts done by KGK community noted by Nanji Govindji Tank during his life-time last entry in 1954. The diary was later discovered his son Govardhan Nanji Tank and released as a book compiled by Dharsibhai Jethalal Tank. This book was given Aank Sidhhi award by [[Kutch Shakti]] at Mumbai in 2000.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?ei=Vt2-TcARhO2tB7OY1IoG&ct=result&id=SFTRAAAAMAAJ&dq=JAGMAL+RAJA&q=JAGMAL+RAJA Political life of Pandit Govind ... – Google Books]</ref> His residential palace at M.G Road in Allahbad, was spread in acres and built like a royal palace, as a replica of [[Prag Mahal]] of Bhuj.<ref name=kgk/><ref name=N/><ref name=NJ/>
Besides Nehru family he also held personal relationship with [[Madan Mohan Malviya|Malviyaji]], [[Mahatma Gandhi]], [[Sardar Patel]], [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]], [[C. Y. Chintamani]], [[Rajendra Prasad|Dr. Rajendra Prasad]], [[C. Rajagopalachari]], [[V. V. Giri]] and always helped liberally for Indian Independence Movement.<ref name=kgk/><ref name=N/> HH Shri [[Vijayaraji]], when was young and [[yuvraj]] of Kutch, used to come to his Allahabad mansion, to spend vacation along with his French Tennis coach and play Lawn Tennis in his private court.<ref name=kgk/><ref name=N/><ref name=KD/><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?ei=nYu_TaDIKoTrrQeSk-jlAw&ct=result&id=ROZaAAAAIAAJ&dq=jagmal+raja&q=jagmal+ Election Result Lal Bahadur Shastri, Jyoti Shankar Dikshit, R.B. Jagmal Raja], Kashmir: constitutional history and documents.</ref>

During his stay in Calcutta for construction of Bally bridge, through his friends and established in Calcutta; [[Lira Raja Rathor]] and [[Jetha Lira Jethwa|Devram Jetha Jethwa]], he came in contact with [[Jeewanlal Motichand Shah]], father of [[Viren J. Shah]], who owned an Aluminum utensils factory named Jeevanlal & Company later named as Jeewanlal (1929) Limited at Calcutta.<ref name=kgk/><ref name=N/> Jeewanlal Shah had decided to close his factory of Aluminum utensils, under the influence of Gandhiji, who said these utensils are not good for health. Jagmal Raja Chauhan, who was among top industrialists in Bombay and had relations with Tatas, Birlas, Wadias, Bajaj, [[Walchand Hirachand|Walchand]]. He came to know that [[Lala Mukandlal]] of [[Lahore]] was willing to sale Mukand Iron & Steel.<ref name=kgk/><ref name=N/>
Jagmal Raja informed this to [[Mahatma Gandhi]] and also persuaded Shah Jeewanlal Motichand Shah to take over Mukand Iron & Steel Company, so that he can switch over from aluminium into steel business. Jeevanlal he finally purchased in partnership with [[Jamnalal Bajaj]] after Mahatma Gandhi's blessings. Thus he was instrumental in helping Jiwanlal Motilal Shah to take-over present day [[Mukand Ltd]].<ref name=kgk/><ref name=N/>

He was a member of [[Indian Science Congress Association]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dZsbAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=30 March 2016|year=1930|page=2}}</ref> [[Institution of Civil Engineers|Institution of Civil Engineers (Great Britain)]],<ref name=B/> [[Society of Glass Technology|Society of Glass Technology, Britain]].<ref name=D/>

His life sketch is also mentioned in ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' and ''Book of World Knowledge''.

==Death==
He died in 1974 at Mumbai survived by four sons, Jairam Jagmal, Varjang Jagmal, Gopalji Jagmal and Shamji Jagmal, who had been managing affairs jointly since decade of 1930–40.<ref name=A/><ref name=NJ/><ref>{{cite book|title=Kothari's Economic Guide and Investors' Handbook of India, Volume 2|year=1961|page=1270|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3EojAQAAMAAJ&q=jairam+jagmal}}</ref> His one son Varjang Jagmal Raja headed his Bombay Glass Works factory.,<ref>{{cite book|title=Foreign commerce weekly|year=1960|publisher=U.S. Dept. of Commerce|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sC1HAQAAIAAJ&q=jagmal+glass}}</ref> whereas the Allahbad Glass Works factory and Gujarat Pottery Works were headed by elder son Jairam Jagmal.<ref name=zz>{{cite book|title=The Eastern Economist, Volume 48|year=1967|publisher=R.P. Agarwala|page=247,249|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9_8nAAAAMAAJ&q=jairam+jagmal}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Journal of the Society of Glass Technology, Volume 15|year=1931|publisher=Society of glass technology, Sheffield, Eng|page=34|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yynyAAAAMAAJ&q=jagmal+naini}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Who's who in India, Burma & Ceylon|year=1939|publisher=Who's Who Publishers (India) Limited|page=392|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F6gSt5-23mEC&q=jairam+jagmal}}</ref> Varjang Jagmal was also a trained pilot and a member of [[Bombay Flying Club]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Indian Aviation: A Monthly Illustrated Journal Devoted to Popular Flying in Indian, Volume 33|year=1949|page=v,72|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h3cPAAAAIAAJ&q=varjang+jagmal+raja}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Asian and Indian Skyways, Volume 2|year=1948|page=48|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nHUPAAAAIAAJ&q=varjang+jagmal+raja}}</ref>

==Philanthropy==

He built an [[ashram]] with a huge [[Dharamshala (type of building)|Dharamshala]] at [[Jhusi]] having more than hundred rooms and other facilities near Allahbad on banks of river Ganges. He also built and donated Boys Hostel and Boarding School known as Mistri Boarding House at [[Bhuj]], Cutch his native state in 1932.<ref name=kgk/><ref name=N/> also built a boarding house for students at [[Poona]] in 1940, which was also known as Mistri Boarding House. He also donated funds to start ambulance services and to build hospitals. He has also built and donated a Hindu temple at [[Rajkot]]. Further, he instituted several funds for charitable works, education scholarships, starting sports shield and medical benefits.<ref>{{cite book|title=General Report on Public Instruction|year=1937|publisher=United Provinces of Agra and Oudh (India). Education Dept|page=64,72|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2kUdAQAAIAAJ&q=jagmal+raja}}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=WJ3NAAAAMAAJ&q=JAGMAL+RAJA&dq=JAGMAL+RAJA&hl=en&ei=Vt2-TcARhO2tB7OY1IoG&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDkQ6AEwBA] Report [of the] ST. John Ambulance Association and the St. John Ambulance Brigade (India)</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=McoVAQAAIAAJ&q=JAGMAL+RAJA&dq=JAGMAL+RAJA&hl=en&ei=kd2-TfWgJcrirAfen_GFBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CEUQ6AEwBzgK Jagmal Raja Labour Ambulance Challenge Shield] Madras State Administration Report</ref> At his native village [[Nagor]] in Kutch he had built and donated a huge public garden, a Hindu temple, a housing colony for [[Harijan]]s, several wells, a [[chabutro]], welcome-gate and also a 10 km long pucca road from Nagor to Bhuj. His ancestral home still stands there.<ref name=kgk/><ref name=N/> Further, he also offered many scholarship for research.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=_g4xAQAAMAAJ&q=JAGMAL+RAJA&dq=JAGMAL+RAJA&hl=en&sa=X&ei=DyLQT8exPILMrQflj_SSDA&ved=0CEgQ6AEwAzgK] The Calcutta Review, University of Calcutta, 1934</ref> and higher studies.<ref name=kgk/>

==Honors==
Apart from being awarded title of [[Rai Bahadur]] in 1923, he was also recipient of [[George V Silver Jubilee Medal]] in 1935 and [[George VI Coronation Medal]] in 1937.<ref name=NJ/>

==See also==
*[[Khora Ramji Chawda]]

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chauhan, Jagmal Raja}}
[[Category:Businesspeople from Mumbai]]
[[Category:People from Kutch district]]
[[Category:Indian people in rail transport]]
[[Category:1974 deaths]]
[[Category:1887 births]]
[[Category:Founders of Indian schools and colleges]]
[[Category:Indian bankers]]
[[Category:Aviation pioneers]]
[[Category:Indian philanthropists]]
[[Category:Rai Bahadurs]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian engineers]]
[[Category:Indian aviation businesspeople]]
[[Category:Indian businesspeople in the pharmaceutical industry]]
[[Category:Indian businesspeople in mining]]
[[Category:Indian businesspeople in coal]]
[[Category:Indian industrialists]]
[[Category:Indian businesspeople in shipping]]
[[Category:Businesspeople in construction]]
[[Category:Gujarati people]]
[[Category:Businesspeople in the glass industry]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Businesspeople in insurance]]
[[Category:Engineers from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Engineers from Gujarat]]
[[Category:20th-century philanthropists]]

Jagmal Raja Chauhan - Revision history

>Citation bot at 07:05, 23 October 2020