Siddhant Babu at 18:33, 27 September 2025

2025-09-27T18:33:35Z

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{{Short description|Sultan of Ma'bar from 1335 to 1339}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan
| title = Sultan
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| succession = 1st [[Madurai Sultanate|Sultan of Ma'bar]]
| reign = 1335–1339
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| predecessor =
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| successor = Ala-ud-din Udauji Shah
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| regent =
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| birth_name =
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| birth_place = [[Kaithal]], [[Delhi Sultanate]]
| death_date = 1339
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| issue = Ibrahim
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| religion = [[Islam]]
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}}

'''Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan''' (died 1339), initially '''Hasan Kaithali''',<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G8g9AAAAMAAJ&q=hassan+kaithali |title=Historical Essays |author= Qanungo |date=1960 }}</ref> also known as '''Jalal al-Din Ahsan Shah''',<ref>{{Britannica|1414809|title=Jalāl al-Dīn Aḥsan Shah}}</ref> was the first [[Sultan]] of [[Madurai Sultanate]] and father-in-law of the great traveller [[Ibn Battuta]].

== Origin ==
The founder of the Madurai Sultanate, Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan. He was called a [[Sayyid]] native of [[Kaithal]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Saeed |first=Mian Muhammad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-RIdAAAAMAAJ&q=Hasan%20Kaithali |title=The Sharqi of Jaunpur: A Political & Cultural History |date=1972 |publisher=University of Karachi |language=en|page=5}}</ref>{{sfn|Rajayyan|2005|p=161}} Some historical accounts also being called an [[Afghan (ethnonym)|Afghan]], though the legitimacy of such a claim is questionable.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rajayyan |first=K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wnVuAAAAMAAJ&q=Madurai%20Sultanate%20afghan |title=Tamil Nadu, a Real History |date=2005 |publisher=Ratna Publications |language=en|page=165}}</ref>

== Declaration of independence ==

In 1335, Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan, the Muslim Governor of Madurai, declared his independence and established the independent sultanate of Madurai.<ref name="krishnaswamip155">[[#Aiyangar|Aiyangar]], Pg 155</ref> As a response to his rebellion, the Sultan of Delhi punished the Sayyid and other Indian Muslim inhabitants of Kaithal out of spite for Ahsan Khan as he belonged to Kaithal.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G8g9AAAAMAAJ&q=spite+kaithal |page=38 |author= Qanungo |title=Historical Essays }}</ref> He claimed the whole of the [[Delhi Sultanate]] province of Ma'bar which included a small part of the ancient Tamil country.<ref name="krishnaswamip155" /> However, he scarcely had any authority beyond the realm of the Pandyas and the territory to the north of the river [[Kaveri]] was largely independent under the [[Cholas]] and the [[Hoysalas]].<ref name="krishnaswamip156">[[#Aiyangar|Aiyangar]], Pg 156</ref>

== Reign ==
[[File:Coin of Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan.jpg|right|thumb|Coin of Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan, first ruler of the [[Madurai Sultanate|Sultanate of Madurai]]]]
Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan took over as the independent sultan of Madurai in 1335.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=95}}</ref> [[Ferishta]], however, gives a date of 1341 for his assumption of the sultanate.<ref name="krishnaswamip165">[[#Aiyangar|Aiyangar]], Pg 165</ref> Ferishta refers to Ahsan Khan as Syed, Hasan and Husun.<ref name="krishnaswamip165" /> Ahsan Khan was also the father-in-law of the Moorish traveller [[Ibn Battuta]].<ref name="krishnaswamip165" /> Immediately, [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]] sent an army to reassert his control over the region. But Ahsan Khan easily defeated this army.<ref name="krishnaswamip165" /> Tughluq took his revenge by killing Ahsan Khan's son Ibrahim who was the purse-bearer of the emperor. Ahsan Khan was killed in 1339 by one of his nobles after having ruled for a brief span of 4 years.{{cn|date=September 2025}}

== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}

== References ==
* {{cite book|title=South India and her Muhammadan Invaders|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924024066742|last=Aiyangar|first=Sakkottai Krishnaswami|authorlink=S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar|publisher=Oxford University|year=1921|ref=Aiyangar}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Jalaluddin Ahsan}}
[[Category:History of Madurai]]
[[Category:1340 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan - Revision history

Siddhant Babu at 18:33, 27 September 2025