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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Jalgaon}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jalgaon district
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Maharashtra|District]] of [[Maharashtra]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_map = MaharashtraJalgaon.png
| map_caption = Location of Jalgaon district in Maharashtra
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Jalgaon
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Nashik Division|Nashik]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Jalgaon]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = [[Jalgaon]], [[Jamner]], [[Chalisgaon]], [[Bhadgaon]], [[Dharangaon]], [[Bhusawal]], [[Bodwad]], [[Yawal]], [[Raver, Maharashtra|Raver]], [[Muktainagar]], [[Amalner]], [[Chopda]], [[Parola (Maharashtra)|Parola]], [[Pachora]], [[Erandol]]
| area_total_km2 = 11765
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 4,229,917
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 11%
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 79.72%
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 933
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Jalgaon (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jalgaon]] and [[Raver (Lok Sabha constituency)|Raver]] (shared with [[Buldhana District]])
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = 12
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Indian road network|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[National Highway 6 (India)|NH-6]], [[National Highway 211 (India)|NH-211]]
| blank_name_sec2 = Average annual precipitation
| blank_info_sec2 = 690 mm
| website = {{URL|http://jalgaon.nic.in/}}
| official_name =
| image_skyline = Satpura mountain at Lohara.jpg
| image_caption = Satpura range near Lohara
}}

'''Jalgaon''' is a district in the northern part of [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]. The administrative seat is the city of [[Jalgaon]].

It is bordered by the state of [[Madhya Pradesh]] to the north and by the districts of [[Buldhana]] to the east, [[Jalna district|Jalna]] to the southeast, [[Aurangabad District, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]] to the south, [[Nashik district|Nashik]] to the southwest, and [[Dhule district|Dhule]] to the west.

==History==
In 10th and 11th century A.D. Jalgaon district constituted a part of [[Seuna (Yadava) dynasty|Seuna-Desa]] of Yadav kingdom.<ref name="cenus 2011">{{Cite journal|last=Singh Deol|first=Ranjit|date=31 May 2014|title=District census handbook Jalgaon , series 28 |url=https://www.web&rct=j&url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2703_PART_B_DCHB_JALGAON.pdf|journal=District census handbook Jalgaon 2011|volume=XII-B|pages=8|via=Censusindia.gov.in}}</ref> In March 1795 Marathas defeated [[Nizam of Ahmadnagar]] and Jalgaon became part of [[Maratha Kingdom]].<ref name="cenus 2011"/>

Before 1906, this district's name was [[Khandesh district]]. In 1906 it got divided into two districts called, East Khandesh and West Khandesh.<ref name=EB1911>{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Khandesh, East and West |volume=15 |page=771}}</ref> with East Khandesh covering the territory that is now Jalgaon and neighboring [[Dhule]].<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Campbell |editor1-first=James M. |title=Khandesh District Gazetteer |date=1880 |publisher=Gazetteer of Bombay Presidency |edition=Volume XII |url=https://gazetteers.maharashtra.gov.in/cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/Khandesh%20District/preface_i.html |access-date=18 May 2020 |language=en |format=Facsimile}}</ref>

After the [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956|1956 reorganisation of India's states]], East Khandesh became part of [[Bombay State]]. Four years later, in 1960, it became part of the newly formed [[Maharashtra]] and was renamed Jalgaon and Dhulia Districts, respectively.

=== Education ===
Till 1960-61 there were only two colleges in Jalgaon district {{endash}} [[Mooljee Jetha College, Jalgaon|Mooljee Jetha Arts and Science college]] and [[Pratap college]] at [[Amalner]]. These colleges was affiliated to [[Ponna University|Poona University]]. Around 1961, three more colleges started at [[Chalisgaon]], [[Bhusawal]] and [[Faizpur]].<ref name="cenus 2011"/>

=== Railways ===
In British Raj, the building of railway line in the limit of Khandesh district started in 1852 and opened for trains in 1861 and 1865.before there was no railway transportation in the district. The British government also built a number of small station like Jalgaon, Nashirabad Bhadli, Varangaon, Nadgaon stations in the cost of £ 300to £500 (Rs 3000 - 15,000) with a station master's room and booking office. There has been built a big station at Bhusawal.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Campbell|first=James M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rbUBAAAAYAAJ|title=Gazetteer of Bombay presidency : Khandesh|publisher=British Government of India|year=1880|location=[[Bombay presidency]], India|pages=1}}</ref>

==Geography==
The district covers an area of 11,765 km².<ref name="districtcensus" />

===Climate===
On average, Jalgaon receives between 77 cm and 80 cm of rainfall per year. In the easternmost part of the district—i.e., in [[Yawal]]—the average annual rainfall is 77 cm; in [[Bhusawal]], [[Pachora]], and the city of Jalgaon, it is 79 cm; and in [[Jamner]], it is 80 cm.<ref name="ISBN 938072559-0">{{ISBN|938072559-0}}</ref>

===Rivers===
The [[Tapti River|Tapi River]] flows through Jalgaon from the north.<ref name=EB1911/> Its total length is 724 km, of which 208 km are in Maharashtra. The Tapti has numerous [[Tributary|tributaries]] in and around the district, including the [[Purna River (tributary of Tapti)|Purna]], Aner, Bhuleshwari, Biswa, [[Chandrabhaga River (Purna River)|Chandrabhaga]], Dolar, Gadgi, Kapara, Katpurna, Man, Morana, Nalganga, Nand, Pedhi, Sipana, and Wan Rivers.<ref name="ISBN 938072559-0" />

==Divisions==
Jalgaon district consists of 15 [[taluka|''talukas'']], or ''tehsils'': [[Dharangaon]], [[Amalner]], [[Bhadgaon]], [[Bhusawal]], [[Bodwad]], [[Chalisgaon]], [[Chopda]], [[Erandol]], Jalgaon, [[Jamner]], [[Muktainagar]], [[Pachora]], [[Parola, Maharashtra|Parola]], [[Raver, Maharashtra|Raver]], and Yawal. Jalgaon city is the administrative headquarters.

The district has 11 constituencies in the [[Vidhan Sabha]], the state legislative assembly: [[Amalner (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Amalner]], [[Bhusawal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhusawal]], [[Chalisgaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chalisgaon]], [[Chopda (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chopda]], [[Erandol (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Erandol]], [[Jalgaon City (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jalgaon City]], [[Jalgaon Rural (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jalgaon Rural]], [[Jamner (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jamner]], [[Muktainagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Muktainagar]], [[Pachora (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Pachora]], and [[Raver (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Raver]]. It has two constituencies in the [[Lok Sabha]], the lower house of the [[Parliament of India|Indian Parliament]]: [[Raver (Lok Sabha constituency)|Raver]] and [[Jalgaon (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jalgaon]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php |title=District wise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100318055304/http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php |archive-date=2010-03-18 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
It has a population of 4,229,917 as of the 2011 census.<ref name="districtcensus" />
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=9,54,077|13=1911|14=10,28,126|15=1921|16=10,69,656|17=1931|18=11,98,260|19=1941|20=13,20,074|21=1951|22=14,71,351|23=1961|24=17,65,047|25=1971|26=21,23,121|27=1981|28=26,18,274|29=1991|30=31,87,634|31=2001|32=36,82,690|33=2011|34=42,29,917|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}As of the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]], Jalgaon district had a population of 4,229,917,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to that of the [[Republic of the Congo]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Congo, Republic of the 4,243,929}}</ref> or the United States' state of [[Kentucky]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=2011-09-30 |quote=Kentucky 4,339,367 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archive-date=2013-10-19}}</ref> It is the 46th most populous of [[Districts of India|India's 640 districts]].<ref name="districtcensus" />

The population density is {{convert| 359 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name="districtcensus" /> The [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] from 2001–11 was 14.71%.<ref name="districtcensus" /> Jalgaon has a [[sex ratio]] of 922 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name="districtcensus" /> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 79.73%.<ref name="districtcensus" />

===Languages===
At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 94.50% of the population in the district spoke [[Marathi language|Marathi]] and 4.25% [[Bhili language|Bhili]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>

The languages spoken in Jalgaon include Ahirani, a dialect of [[Khandeshi language|Khandeshi]] with approximately 780,000 speakers, similar to [[Marathi language|Marathi]] and [[Bhili language|Bhili]];<ref name="ethnoahirani">{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Ahirani: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=ahr | access-date = 2011-09-28 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref> [[Palya Bareli language|Palya Bareli]], a [[Bhil languages|Bhil language]] with approximately 10,000 speakers, centred in [[Madhya Pradesh]];<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Bareli, Palya: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bpx | access-date = 2011-09-28 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref> and [[Rathwi Bareli language|Rathwi Bareli]], a Bhil language with approximately 64,000 speakers, written in the [[Devanagari script]] and [[Mutual intelligibility|mutually unintelligible]] with Palya Bareli.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Bareli, Rathwi: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bgd | access-date = 2011-09-28 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref>

==Education==
[[North Maharashtra University|Kavayatri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University]] was established in the city of Jalgaon on 15 August 1989 and serves as the regional university. [[Government Polytechnic Jalgaon]] was established in 1960. The district is also home to schools and colleges of the Khandesh Education Society and Maratha Vidya Prasarak Mandal and the [[Government Polytechnic Jalgaon]].

===Medical Education===
[[Government Medical College, Jalgaon]] is a tertiary medical college in Jalgaon that was established in 2018 and offers under graduate course in [[Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery|MBBS]]. [[Dr. Ulhas Patil Medical College and Hospital, Jalgaon|Dr. Ulhas Patil Medical college.]] is a privately operated medical college.

== Literature ==
Jalgaon district is well known as birth place of renowned Marathi poet [[Bahinabai Chaudhari]] , who wrote many poems addressing to the village life and about rural womens and hardship of Farmars of the district.Balkawi alias [[Trambak Bapuji Thombre]] was born in Jalgaon.To honor literary work of Bahinabai [[North Maharashtra University]] adapted her name and now the university is known as Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Suryawanshi|first=Sudhir|date=2018-05-03|title=Maharashtra University named after poet Bahinabai who never went to school|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-maharashtra-university-named-after-poet-bahinabai-who-never-went-to-school-2611259|access-date=2021-03-06|website=DNA India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon > Home|url=http://nmu.ac.in/#|access-date=2021-03-06|website=nmu.ac.in}}</ref>

==Economy==
The district is well known for its significant banana cultivation. The district's administrative center, Jalgaon city, is a well known hub for gold jewellery shopping and business. The [[Bhusawal Thermal Power Station]] is near Bhusaval.

==Media==
The major Marathi-language newspapers published in Jalgaon are ''Deshdoot'', ''Deshonnati'', ''Divya Marathi'', ''[[Lokmat]]'', the ''[[Maharashtra Times]]'', and ''[[Sakal]]''.

==Notable people==
* [[Hari Narayan Apte]] (1864–1919), a Marathi writer.
* [[Balkavi]] (1890–1918), Marathi poet.
* [[Bahinabai Chaudhari]] (1880–1951) an illiterate cotton farmer, her poetry published posthumously, helped popularize [[Khandeshi language|Ahirani dialect]].
* [[Bhavarlal Jain]] (1937–2016), an entrepreneur who founded [[Jain Irrigation Systems]]
* [[Suresh Jain]], 8 times MLA from city and Ex-minister in government of Maharashtra.
*[[Gulabrao Devkar]] , politician and [[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]] leader.
* [[Eknath Khadse]] (1952–present), Former Revenue minister of Maharashtra , veteran NCP politician.
* [[Girish Mahajan]] (1960–present), politician and former Water resources minister of Maharashtra.
* [[Gulab Raghunath Patil]] (1966–present), Senior Leader of [[Shiv Sena]] and Minister in Maharashtra
* [[Namdeo Dhondo Mahanor]] (1942–present), a Marathi poet and recipient of the [[Padma Shri]] award
* [[Ujjwal Nikam]], a public prosecutor who has worked on high-profile murder and terrorism cases
* [[Pratibha Patil]] (1934–present), First women [[president of India]] (2007–12) and governor of [[Rajasthan]] (2004–07)
* [[Azim Premji]] (1945–present), an entrepreneur who founded [[Wipro Limited]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

{{Commons category|Jalgaon district}}
* [http://jalgaon.gov.in Jalgaon district official website]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Jalgaon district
|North = [[West Nimar district]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
|Northeast = [[Burhanpur district]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
|East =
|Southeast = [[Buldana district]]
|South = [[Aurangabad district, Maharashtra|Aurangabad district]]
|Southwest = [[Nashik district]]
|West = [[Dhule district]]
|Northwest = [[Barwani district]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
}}
{{Jalgaon district topics}}
{{Maharashtra}}

{{coord|18|39|0|N|75|6|0|E|region:IN_type:city|display=title}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jalgaon district}}
[[Category:Jalgaon district| ]]
[[Category:Nashik division]]
[[Category:Districts of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:1906 establishments in India]]

{{en-Wikipedia}}

Jalgaon district - Revision history

WikiDwarfBOT at 10:52, 30 April 2021