2601:1C2:4300:8D08:7000:1D7D:C2FF:288D at 05:36, 7 December 2022

2022-12-07T05:36:59Z

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{{Short description|Fort in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan}}
[[File:JamrudFort1910.jpg|thumb|416x416px|Jamrud Fort, circa 1910]]
[[File:The Second Afghan War 1878-1880 Q69819.jpg|thumb|388x388px|Jamrud Fort (Fatehgarh Fort) at the Second Afghan War 1878-1880]]
[[File:Group of Afridis at Jamrūd, 1866 WDL11469, crop.png|thumb|[[Afridis]] at [[Jamrūd Fort]] (1866) by [[Charles Shepherd (photographer)]]. Jamrūd Fort was strategically located at the eastern entrance to the [[Khyber Pass]] in present-day Pakistan]]
The '''Jamrud Fort''' is located beside [[Bab-e-Khyber]] at the entrance to the [[Khyber Pass]] from the [[Peshawar]] side in the tribal district of Khyber [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|KPK]], [[Pakistan]].
After death of Sardar General [[Hari Singh Nalwa]],
Khalsa Sarkar Wazir Jawahar Singh nominated Sardar General Gurmukh Singh Lamba as chief administrative and military commander to restore and consolidate the Khalsa army gains.
General Sardar Gurmukh Singh Lamba was nominated as chief administrative and military commander to consolidate the gains of Khalsa Sarkar.

==History==
In October 1836, Jamrud was lost by the [[Afghanistan|Afghan]] [[Durrani Empire]] and conquered by the [[Sikh Empire]]. Sardar [[Hari Singh Nalwa]] (1791-1837), the well-known Sikh general, proposed to build a big fort at Jamrud. The proposal was opposed; nevertheless the foundation of the fort that has survived was laid by General Hari Singh Nalwa on 6 [[Poh]] 1893 Sambat (18 December 1836) and the construction was completed in 54 days.<ref name="Jaffar">{{cite book |title=Peshawar: Past and Present |last=Jaffar |first=S.M. |year=1945 |publisher=S. Muhammad Sadiq Khan |location=Peshawar |page=120| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=3PYQAQAAIAAJ}}</ref><ref name="Sandhu">{{cite book |title= General Hari Singh Nalwa |last=Sandhu |first=Autar Singh |year=1935 |publisher=Cunningham Historical Society |location=Lahore |page=74 |url= http://www.apnaorg.com/books/english/hari-singh-nalwa/book.php?fldr=book }}</ref> "Jamrud...noted for its fort built with 10 feet (3 m) thick walls c.1836 by the Sikh Hari Singh Nalwa, one of [[Ranjit Singh]]'s generals, was originally named Fatehgarh to commemorate the Sikh victory over the disunited tribes."<ref name="Encyclopædia Britannica">{{cite book |title=Encyclopædia Britannica (Micropedia) |year=1990 |edition= 15th|volume= 6| page=492}}</ref>

Early in 1837, the [[Sandhawalia]] [[Jat]] ruler Maharaja [[Ranjit Singh]]'s (1790-1839) grandson, Prince [[Nau Nihal Singh]], was to be married. Hari Singh Nalwa sent his forces to Lahore for this historic celebration. At this time, Mr Fast, an Englishman, previously in the service of the British India Government, passed through Jamrud on his way to [[Kabul]]. En route he encountered Mohammad Akbar Khan, son of [[Dost Mohammad Khan]]. When Akbar Khan learnt that the fort at Jamrud was unprotected, he decided to attack. The battle between the Afghans and the Sikhs was fought on 30 April 1837. The loss suffered in this battle by the Sikhs was indeed heavy. Hari Singh Nalwa had sent out an appeal for help to the [[Maharaja]] to dispatch reinforcements from [[Lahore]] post haste, however his letter was not forwarded to the Maharaja by the [[Dogra]] chiefs. Reinforcements could not reach in time and Nalwa laid down his life in the battlefield. When the reinforcements arrived, the Sikhs managed to hold the fort and force the Afghan forces to retreat back to Kabul. <ref name="Bakshi & Pathak">{{cite book |title=Punjab through the ages |editor-last=Bakshi |editor-first=S.R. |editor2-last=Pathak |editor2-first=Rashmi |year=2007 |publisher=Sarup & Sons |location=Delhi |pages=194–5|isbn=9788176257381 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kxtEFA5qqR8C&q=nk+sinha+history+sikhs&pg=PA243}}</ref><ref name="Adamec">{{Cite book|title= Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan |last1=Adamec |first1=Ludwig W. |year=2011 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-7957-7 |page=xxi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tp5IrLhWbTkC&pg=PR21 |access-date=2012-05-26 |quote='''1837: Lord Auckland appointed governor general. Akbar Khan, son of Dost Muhammad, defeats Sikhs at Jamrud...'''}}</ref><ref>Jeffery J. Roberts, The Origins of Conflict in Afghanistan, p 4.</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Pakistan]]
*[[List of forts in Pakistan]]
*[[List of museums in Pakistan]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Cultural heritage sites in Federally Administered Tribal Areas |state=autocollapse}}{{Castles in Pakistan}}{{Use dmy dates}}

[[Category:Forts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]
[[Category:Cultural heritage sites in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]

Jamrud Fort - Revision history

2601:1C2:4300:8D08:7000:1D7D:C2FF:288D at 05:36, 7 December 2022