Rohit Singh at 08:42, 3 April 2026

2026-04-03T08:42:48Z

New page

{{use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
{{use Indian English|date=November 2016}}
{{Infobox royalty
| title = Vanavan
| name = Jayantavarman
| image =
| caption =
| reign = c. 620–650 CE{{sfn|Noburu Karashima|2014|pp=370}}
| predecessor = [[Avani Sulamani|Maravarman Avanisulamani]]
| successor = [[Arikesari Maravarman|Maravarman Arikesari Parankusan]]
| issue =
| father =
| dynasty = [[Pandyan dynasty|Pandya]]
}}
{{Pandyan}}
'''Jayantavarman''' (''r. c''. 620–650 CE), known in Tamil as '''Seliyan Sendan,'''(Tamil:செழியன் சேந்தன்) was a [[Pandya dynasty|Pandya]] ruler of early historic south India. He is best known for extending the Pandya rule to the [[Chera dynasty|Chera country]] ([[Kerala]]).{{sfn|Noburu Karashima|2014|pp=86}} He was succeeded by his son [[Arikesari Maravarman|Maravarman Arikesari Parankusan]].{{sfn|K. A. Nilakanta Sastri|1929|p=50-51}}

== Names ==
Jayantavarman (of the Smaller Sinnamanur Plates) is described as Seliyan Sendan in the Velvikkudi Grant.{{sfn|K. A. Nilakanta Sastri|1929|p=41}} Sendan is the Tamil form of the Sanskrit name "Jayantan".{{sfn|N. Subrahmanian|1962|p=116}} The [[Velvikudi inscription|Velvikkudi Grant]] uses the [[Chera dynasty|Chera]] title "Vanavan" for Sendan. This probably signifies his victory over a Chera king (or the extension of the Pandya rule to the Chera country).{{sfn|K. A. Nilakanta Sastri|1929|p=50-51}}{{sfn|Noburu Karashima|2014|pp=86}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Devakunjari |first=D. |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.108286 |title=Madurai Through The Ages: From The Earliest Times To 1801 A.d. |date=1957}}</ref>

== Dates ==

* [[K. A. Nilakanta Sastri]] (the first assumption) — c. 645–670 CE{{sfn|K. A. Nilakanta Sastri|1929|p=41}}
* [[K. A. Nilakanta Sastri]] (revised date) — c. 654–670 CE{{sfn|K. A. Nilakanta Sastri|1958|p=165}}
* [[T. V. Sadasiva Pandarathar]] — c. 600–625 CE.{{sfn|N. Subrahmanian|1962|p=116}}
* K. V. Raman — ascension year = 653 CE.{{CN|date=August 2023}}
* [[Noboru Karashima]] — c. 620–650 CE{{sfn|Noburu Karashima|2014|pp=370}} (or) c. 654–670 CE{{sfn|Noburu Karashima|2014|pp=86}}

== Life and career ==
Jayantavarman was the son and successor of [[Avani Sulamani|Maravarman Avanisulamani]].{{sfn|K. A. Nilakanta Sastri|1929|p=50-51}} T. V. S. Pandarathar identified him as the king who ruled in [[Madurai]], when the Chinese traveler [[Xuanzang]] visited [[Kanchipuram]].{{sfn|N. Subrahmanian|1962|p=116}}

The [[Indian rock-cut architecture|rock-cut]] cave temple at Malaiyadikurichi in [[Tirunelveli district]] is ascribed to Jayantavarman's reign.{{sfn|S. Gopalakrishnan|2005|p=24}}{{sfn|K. V. Soundara Rajan|1998|p=69}} This inscription is dated to the 17th regnal year of "Maran Sendan", and states that the cave was excavated by an officer under the royal order. It was discovered in 1959, and is written in mixed [[Tamil Brahmi]] and [[Vatteluttu alphabet|Vatteluttu]].{{CN|date=August 2023}}

Another inscription ascribed to Jayantavarman was discovered in [[Vaigai River|Vaigai]] riverbed at [[Madurai]] by a washerman, who used it for washing clothes. K. V. Raman noticed it in 1961.{{CN|date=August 2023}} This inscription is dated to the 50th regnal year of "Sendan". The Sanskrit portion of this script is written in [[Grantha alphabet|Grantha script]], while the Tamil portion is written in Vatteluttu script. According to this record, Sendan performed several charitable donations (''[[sixteen great gifts|maha-dana]]'') including ''[[hiranyagarbha]]'' and ''[[tulabhara]]''. He commissioned a [[sluice]] to the Vaigai river, and named it ''Arikesariyan'' (apparently after his heir-apparent [[Arikesari Maravarman|Arikesari]]). He also founded the city of Mangalapura.{{CN|date=August 2023}}

The Velvikkudi Grant states that [[Kochadaiyan Ranadhiran|Ko Chadaiyan Ranadhira]], a later Pandya king, attacked and defeated certain ''maharatha''s (warriors?) at the city of Mangalapura.{{sfn|K. A. Nilakanta Sastri|1929|p=55-56}} Historians generally tend to identify Mangalapura with present-day [[Mangalore]].{{sfn|K. A. Nilakanta Sastri|1929|p=55-56}} K. V. Raman identifies Mangalapura with modern Mangalam, located on the northern bank of the [[Kollidam River]] in [[Tiruchirappalli district]].{{CN|date=August 2023}}

== References ==
===Citations===
{{reflist}}

===Sources===

* {{cite book |author=K. V. Soundara Rajan |title=Rock-cut Temple Styles: Early Pandyan Art and the Ellora Shrines |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TlvqAAAAMAAJ |year=1998 |publisher=Somaiya Publications |isbn=978-81-7039-218-7 }}
* {{cite book |author=N. Subrahmanian |title=History of Tamilnad (To AD 1336) |url=http://www.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/462306 |year=1962 |publisher=Koodal |location=Madurai |oclc=43502446 |access-date=13 August 2016 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20161123181101/http://www.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/462306 |archive-date=23 November 2016 |url-status=dead }}
* {{cite book |author=S. Gopalakrishnan |title=Early Pāṇḍyan Iconometry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pWnXAAAAMAAJ |year=2005 |publisher=Sharada |isbn=978-81-88934-21-8 }}
* {{cite book |author=K. A. Nilakanta Sastri|title=The Pandyan Kingdom|year=1929 |publisher= Luzac and Company|location=London}}
* {{cite book |editor=Noburu Karashima|title= A Concise History of South India: Issues and Interpretations|year=2014 |publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New Delhi}}
* {{cite book|author=K. A. Nilakanta Sastri|title=A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjxuAAAAMAAJ|year=1958|location=Madras|publisher=Oxford University Press}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Pandyan kings]]
[[Category:7th-century Indian monarchs]]

Jayantavarman - Revision history

Rohit Singh at 08:42, 3 April 2026