RaymondLoewentha at 05:34, 5 August 2023

2023-08-05T05:34:52Z

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{{Use Indian English|date=September 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Jeong Nala
| name_other = Jiwan Nala, Nacho Chu
| image =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| map =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Ladakh#China Xinjiang Southern
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of the mouth
| source1_location = [[Aksai Chin]]
| source1_coordinates = {{coord|35.0661|78.5329}}
| mouth_location = [[Shyok River]]
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|34.9925|77.9989|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type1 = Countries
| subdivision_name1 = China and India
| subdivision_type2 = Provinces
| subdivision_name2 = [[Xinjiang]] and [[Ladakh]]
| etymology =
| length = {{convert|50|km}}
| source1_elevation = {{convert|5500|m}}
| mouth_elevation = {{convert|4400|m}}
| discharge1_avg =
| basin_size =
| progression = Murgo Nala, [[Shyok River]]
| river_system = [[Indus River]]
| tributaries_left =
| tributaries_right =
}}

The '''Jeong Nala''', also called '''Jiwan Nala'''<ref name="Bhattacharji Jiwan">
{{harvtxt|Bhattacharji, Ladakh|2012}}: "It is mispronounced—or perhaps deliberately changed—as ‘Jiwan’ by both Indian soldiers posted there and visiting surveyors; it makes for another example of thoughtless deculturisation of Ladakh being committed by people from the plains."
</ref>
and '''Nacho Chu''',<ref>
{{citation |last1=Sandhu |first1=P. J. S. |last2=Shankar |first2=Vinay |last3=Dwivedi |first3=G. G. |title=1962: A View from the Other Side of the Hill |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=boBNCgAAQBAJ |year=2015 |publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-84464-37-0 |page=53}}: "By 24 Oct [1962], all the forward posts established in the Chip Chap and Nachu Chu river valleys had been withdrawn. DBO was also abandoned. 14 J&K Militia continued to hold Saser Brangsa, Murgo, Sultan Chushku and the junction of the Galwan and Shyok rivers."
</ref> and called '''Xidagou''' ({{zh|c=西大沟|p=Xī dà gōu}}) by China, a tributary of the [[Shyok River]] (which in turn is a tributary of [[Indus River]]), flows from the disputed [[Aksai Chin]] region administered by China to [[Ladakh]] in India. It originates at the eastern edge of the [[Karakoram Range]] and flows west. It finally confluences in the Indian administered area with the [[Depsang Bulge#Geography|Burtsa Nala]] on [[Darbuk–Shyok–DBO Road]] (DSDBO Road), and Burtsa Nala itself falls into Shyok River after flowing 7 km south. After the confluence of Jeong Nala with Burtsa Nala, the entire course of river flows along the DSDBO Road to [[Shyok (village)|Shyok village.]]

[[File:Depsang Bulge.jpg|thumb|right|280px|The "Depsang Bulge" with China's 1960 claim line to the right and its claim of the "Line of Actual Control" in 2020 to the left.{{efn|The Line of Actual Control is that marked by the contributors to the [[OpenStreetMap]] as of January 2021, and may not be accurate. Chinese claims get more readily represented on the OpenStreetMap than other countries.<ref>Vittoria Elliott, Nilesh Christopher, [https://restofworld.org/2021/the-mysterious-user-editing-a-global-open-source-map-in-chinas-favor/ The mysterious user editing a global open-source map in China’s favor], ''Rest Of World'', 29 March 2021.</ref>}} Burtsa Nala flows E-W via Y-junction, Tiannan Gap, Indian Military Post near west of Y-junction to India's Burtsa Patrol Base on [[Darbuk–Shyok–DBO Road|DSDBO Road]] where it confluences with its north to south flowing tributary Depsang Nala and then turns south; flows 4 km to [[Depsang Bulge#Geography|Burtsa Yogma]] pasture caravan camping ground; then turns west & flows 15 km to its confluences at [[Chewang Rinchen|Colonel Chewang Rinchen Bridge]] (CCR Bridge) near Sultan Chushku caravan camp with NW-SE flowing [[Murgo|Murgo Nala]]; after that it flows 9 km southeast to its confluence with Jeong Nala, then flows 7 km south to its confluence with NW-SE flowing Shyok River coming from [[Saser Pass|Sasser La]] direction.]]

== Geography ==
{{OSM Location map
| coord = {{coord|35.21|78.18}} 
| float = left
| zoom = 9
| width = 320
| height = 320
| caption = <div class="center">Depsang Plains region<br/>
(and the "traditional customary boundary" points of China declared in 1960).<ref name=declaration>{{citation |editor=India, Ministry of External Affairs |title=Report of the Officials of the Governments of India and the People's Republic of China on the Boundary Question |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AP4ruQEACAAJ |year=1962 |publisher=Government of India Press}}, {{cite report |url=http://www.archieve.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/ORC_01-32_Part1.pdf |title=Chinese Report, Part 1 |pages=4–5}}<br/>
The location and terrain features of this traditional customary boundary line are now described as follows in three sectors, western, middle and eastern. ... The portion between Sinkiang and Ladakh for its entire length runs along the Karakoram Mountain range. Its specific location is as follows: From the Karakoram Pass it runs eastwards along the watershed between the tributaries of the Yarkand River on the one hand and the Shyok River on the other to a point approximately 78° 05' E, 35° 33' N, turns southwestwards and runs along a gully to approximately 78° 01' E, 35° 21' N; where it crosses the Chipchap River. It then turns south-east along the mountain ridge and passes through peak 6,845 (approximately 78° 12' E, 34° 57' N) and peak 6,598 (approximately 78° 13' E, 34° 54' N).
</ref></div>
| map-data = Q230830

| mark-coord1 = {{coord|35.5134588|77.8227031}}
| mark1 = Mountain pass 12x12 ne.svg
| mark-size1 = 10
| label1 = Karakoram Pass
| label-size1 = 10
| label-color1 = grey
| label-pos1 = top |label-offset-x1 = 8 |label-offset-y1 = 0
| mark-title1 = [[Karakoram Pass]]
| mark-image1 =
| mark-description1 = Border pass between China and India

| mark-coord2 = {{coord|35.3914432|77.9211371}}
| mark2 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size2 = 6
| label2 = DBO |labela2 =
| label-size2 = 10
| label-color2 = hard red
| label-pos2 = right |label-offset-x2 = 0 |label-offset-y2 = 0
| mark-title2 = [[Daulat Beg Oldi]] (DBO)
| mark-image2 =
| mark-description2 = Indian Army base with an Advanced Landing Ground

| mark-coord3 = {{coord|35.3297|78.1786}}
| mark3 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size3 = 6
| label3 = Tianwendian
| label-size3 = 10
| label-color3 = hard red
| label-pos3 = top |label-offset-x3 = 0 |label-offset-y3 = 0
| mark-title3 = [[Tianwendian]]
| mark-image3 =
| mark-description3 = Military camp in Chinese-administered Aksai Chin

| mark-coord4 = {{coord|35.3123975|77.7588802}}
| mark4 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size4 = 6
| label4 = Gapshan
| label-size4 = 10
| label-color4 = hard red
| label-pos4 = top |label-offset-x4 = 0 |label-offset-y4 = 0
| mark-title4 = Gapshan
| mark-image4 =
| mark-description4 = Campsite in Indian-administered Ladakh

| mark-coord5 = {{coord|35.2391804|77.9831325}}
| mark5 = Mountain pass 12x12 n.svg
| mark-size5 = 10
| label5 = Depsang La
| label-size5 = 10
| label-color5 = hard red
| label-pos5 = left |label-offset-x5 = 0 |label-offset-y5 = -10
| mark-title5 = Depsang La
| mark-image5 =
| mark-description5 = Low pass in Depsang Plains

| mark-coord6 = {{coord|35.2330663|77.9781827}}
| mark6 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size6 = 6
| label6 = Qizil Langar 
| label-size6 = 10
| label-color6 = hard red
| label-pos6 = left |label-offset-x6 = 0 |label-offset-y6 = 0
| mark-title6 = Qizil Langar
| mark-image6 =
| mark-description6 = Campground close to the LAC

| mark-coord8 = {{coord|35.1199040|78.0379510}}
| mark8 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size8 = 6
| label8 = Burtsa |labela8 =
| label-size8 = 10
| label-color8 = hard red
| label-pos8 = left |label-offset-x8 = 0 |label-offset-y8 = 0
| mark-title8 = Burtsa
| mark-image8 =
| mark-description8 = Military camp close to the LAC

| mark-coord9 = {{coord|35.0414263|77.9373021}}
| mark9 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size9 = 6
| label9 = Murgo
| label-size9 = 10
| label-color9 = hard red
| label-pos9 = left |label-offset-x9 = 0 |label-offset-y9 = 0
| mark-title9 = [[Murgo]]
| mark-image9 =
| mark-description9 = Village in the Nubra tehsil

| mark-coord10 = {{coord|34.9637458|78.0026936}}
| mark10 = Black pog.svg
| mark-size10 = 6
| label10 = Sultan |labela10 = Chhushku
| label-size10 = 10
| label-color10 = grey
| label-pos10 = left |label-offset-x10 = 0 |label-offset-y10 = -5
| mark-title10 = Sultan Chhushku
| mark-image10 =
| mark-description10 = Campground in the Nubra tehsil

| mark-coord11 = {{coord|35.0015946|78.5928645}}
| mark11 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size11 = 6
| label11 = Heweitan |labela11 =
| label-size11 = 10
| label-color11 = hard red
| label-pos11 = left |label-offset-x11 = 0 |label-offset-y11 = 0
| mark-title11 = Heweitan
| mark-image11 =
| mark-description11 = Chinese military base

| mark-coord12 = {{coord|35.2745|78.0111}}
| mark12 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size12 = 0
| label12 = DEPSANG PLAINS |labela12 =
| label-angle12 = 10
| label-size12 = 12
| label-color12 = grey
| label-pos12 = top |label-offset-x12 = 0 |label-offset-y12 = 0
| mark-title12 = Depsang Plains
| mark-image12 =
| mark-description12 = Depsang Plains


| mark-coord21 = {{coord|35.3016|78.2704}}
| mark21 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size21 = 10
| label21 = Chip Chap |labela21 = River
| label-size21 = 10
| label-color21 = hard blue
| label-pos21 = bottom
| mark-title21 = [[Chip Chap River]]
| mark-image21 =
| mark-description21 = Tributary of the Shyok River

| mark-coord22 = {{coord|35.3775|77.8448}}
| mark22 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size22 = 10
| label22 = Chip Chap |labela22 =
| label-size22 = 10
| label-color22 = hard blue
| label-pos22 = top |label-offset-x22 = -5 |label-offset-y22 = 0
| mark-title22 = [[Chip Chap River]]
| mark-image22 =
| mark-description22 = Tributary of the Shyok River

| mark-coord23 = {{coord|35.3314|77.6472}}
| mark23 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size23 = 10
| label23 = Shyok |labela23 = River
| label-size23 = 10
| label-color23 = hard blue
| label-pos23 = bottom
| mark-title23 = [[Shyok River]]
| mark-image23 =
| mark-description23 = Tributary of the Indus River

| mark-coord24 = {{coord|35.2007|77.7166}}
| mark24 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size24 = 10
| label24 = |labela24 =
| label-size24 = 10
| label-color24 = hard blue
| label-pos24 = top
| mark-title24 = [[Shyok River]] flowing south
| mark-image24 =
| mark-description24 = Tributary of the Indus River

| mark-coord25 = {{coord|35.0633|78.0266}}
| mark25 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size25 = 10
| label25 = Burtsa Nala
| label-size25 = 10
| label-color25 = hard blue
| label-pos25 = top |label-offset-x25 = -18 |label-offset-y25 = 0
| mark-title25 = Burtsa Nala
| mark-image25 =
| mark-description25 = Tributary of the Shyok River, via the Murgo Nala

| mark-coord26 = {{coord|35.156|78.1612}}
| mark26 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size26 = 10
| label26 = Raki Nala
| label-size26 = 10
| label-color26 = hard blue
| label-pos26 = right
| mark-title26 = Raki Nala
| mark-image26 =
| mark-description26 = Tributary of the Shyok River

| mark-coord27 = {{coord|35.03|78.2307}}
| mark27 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size27 = 10
| label27 = Jeong Nala |labela27 =
| label-size27 = 10
| label-color27 = hard blue
| label-pos27 = top |label-offset-x27 = 20 |label-offset-y27 = 0
| mark-title27 = Jeong Nala
| mark-image27 =
| mark-description27 = Tributary of the Shyok River

| mark-coord29 = {{coord|34.9593|78.559}}  
| mark29 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size29 = 10
| label29 = Karakash
| label-size29 = 10
| label-color29 = hard blue
| label-pos29 = left |label-offset-x29 = 0 |label-offset-y29 = 0
| mark-title29 = [[Karakash River]]
| mark-image29 =
| mark-description29 = Drains into the Tarim Basin

| mark-coord30 = {{coord|35|33|N|78|05|E}}
| mark30 = Pin location context.svg
| mark-size30 = 14
| shape30 =
| shape-color30 = yellow
| shape-outline30 = yellow
| label30 = |labela30 = |labelb30 =
| label-size30 = 10
| label-color30 = black
| label-pos30 = bottom |label-offset-x30 = 0 |label-offset-y30 = 0
| mark-title30 = Chinese boundary point
| mark-image30 =
| mark-description30 = Declared in the ''Report of the Governments of India and the People's Republic of China on the Boundary Question'', 1960

| mark-coord31 = {{coord|35|21|N|78|01|E}}
| mark31 = Pin location context.svg
| mark-size31 = 14
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| shape-color31 = yellow
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| label-pos31 = bottom |label-offset-x31 = 0 |label-offset-y31 = 0
| mark-title31 = Chinese boundary point
| mark-image31 =
| mark-description31 = Declared in the ''Report of the Governments of India and the People's Republic of China on the Boundary Question'', 1960

| mark-coord32 = {{coord|34|57|N|78|12|E}}
| mark32 = Pin location context.svg
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| shape32 =
| shape-color32 = yellow
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| label-color32 = black
| label-pos32 = bottom |label-offset-x32 = 0 |label-offset-y32 = 0
| mark-title32 = Chinese boundary point
| mark-image32 =
| mark-description32 = Declared in the ''Report of the Governments of India and the People's Republic of China on the Boundary Question'', 1960

| mark-coord33 = {{coord|34|54|N|78|13|E}}
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| label-pos33 = bottom |label-offset-x33 = 0 |label-offset-y33 = 0
| mark-title33 = Chinese boundary point
| mark-image33 =
| mark-description33 = Declared in the ''Report of the Governments of India and the People's Republic of China on the Boundary Question'', 1960

| mark-coord34 = {{coord|34|46|N|78|13|E}}
| mark34 = Pin location context.svg
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| shape-color34 = yellow
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| label-size34 = 10
| label-color34 = black
| label-pos34 = bottom |label-offset-x34 = 0 |label-offset-y34 = 0
| mark-title34 = Chinese boundary point
| mark-image34 =
| mark-description34 = Declared in the ''Report of the Governments of India and the People's Republic of China on the Boundary Question'', 1960

| mark-coord35 = {{coord|34|32|N|78|26|E}}
| mark35 = Pin location context.svg
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| shape-color35 = yellow
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| label-size35 = 10
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| label-pos35 = bottom |label-offset-x35 = 0 |label-offset-y35 = 0
| mark-title35 = Chinese boundary point
| mark-image35 =
| mark-description35 = Declared in the ''Report of the Governments of India and the People's Republic of China on the Boundary Question'', 1960

| mark-coord36 = {{coord|34|22|N|78|53|E}}
| mark36 = Pin location context.svg
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| mark-title36 = Chinese boundary point
| mark-image36 =
| mark-description36 = Declared in the ''Report of the Governments of India and the People's Republic of China on the Boundary Question'', 1960
}}

The Jeong Nala is to the south of [[Depsang Plains]], with the [[Chip Chap River]] flowing through it, and the [[Depsang Bulge]], which houses the valley of the Raki Nala. All the three rivers are tributaries of the Shyok River.

Just {{convert|10|km}} to the south of Jeong Nala, the [[Karakash River]] flows east, while Jeong flows west. China's [[Heweitan]] military base is situated on the bank of Karakash, which is also able to strategically control the valley of the Jeong Nala. The Tiankong Highway connecting Heweitan and Tianwendian bases passes through the Jeong valley. China also has constructed a motorable road in the Jeong valley to access the [[Line of Actual Control]] with India.

{{clear left}}

==See also==

* [[Geography of Ladakh]]
* [[Tourism in Ladakh]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{citation |first=Romesh |last=Bhattacharji |title=Ladakh: Changing, Yet Unchanged |publisher=Rupa Publications |location=New Delhi |year=2012 |url=https://www.academia.edu/3575075 |via=Academia.edu |ref={{sfnref|Bhattacharji, Ladakh|2012}}}}

{{Ladakh}}

[[Category:Tributaries of the Indus River]]
[[Category:Rivers of Ladakh]]
[[Category:Rivers of Xinjiang]]
[[Category:Aksai Chin]]

Jeong Nala - Revision history

RaymondLoewentha at 05:34, 5 August 2023