>Tom.Reding at 12:58, 26 May 2021

2021-05-26T12:58:26Z

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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Jhabua}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jhabua district
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Madhya Pradesh|District of Madhya Pradesh]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name = झाबुआ ज़िला 
| image_map = MP Jhabua district map.svg
| map_caption = Location of Jhabua district in Madhya Pradesh
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Jhabua
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Indore division|Indore]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Jhabua]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| area_total_km2 = 3,782
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1,025,048
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 44.45 per cent
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 989
| leader_title = [[District collector]]
| leader_name = Somesh Mishra ([[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]])
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Ratlam (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ratlam]]
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = [[Jhabua (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jhabua (193)]] 
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 = Average annual precipitation
| blank_info_sec2 = 800 mm
| website = http://jhabua.nic.in District Admin
| official_name =
| image_skyline = Ploughing a field.jpg
}}

'''Jhabua''' is a [[districts of Madhya Pradesh|district]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]] state in [[central India]]. The town of [[Jhabua]] is the administrative headquarters of the district.

==Geography==
Jhabua district lies in the western part of Madhya Pradesh. It is surrounded by [[Panchmahal district|Panchmahal]] and [[Vadodara district|Baroda]] districts of Gujarat, [[Banswara district]] of Rajasthan, and [[Alirajpur district|Alirajpur]], [[Dhar district|Dhar]] and [[Ratlam district|Ratlam]] districts of Madhya Pradesh.<ref name=admin>{{cite web|url =http://jhabua.nic.in/factfile.htm | title = Jhabua |publisher = District administration |access-date = 2010-08-20 }}</ref>

It has an area of 3,782 km2. The terrain is hilly and undulating. Average rainfall in the district is about 800 mm. The district is divided into five tehsils and six community development blocks.<ref name=admin/>

Jhabua district was divided into two parts in May 2008, namely Alirajpur and Jhabua. Aliarajpur, Jobat, Udaigarh, Bhabra, Sondawa and Katthiwada are the 6 blocks of new district, Alirajpur. Jhabua district now consists of Habua, Meghnagar, Ranapur, Rama, Thandla and [[Petlawad]] blocks.

[[File:Bhil tribe girls in Jhabua.jpg|thumb|left|Bhil tribe girls in Jhabua district]]

==Economy==
The district is highly drought-prone and degraded waste lands form the matrix of Jhabua. The women make lovely ethnic items including bamboo products, dolls, bead-jewellery and other items that have for long decorated the living rooms all over the country. The men have for ages adorned "Teer-Kamthi", the bow and arrow, which has been their symbol of chivalry and self-defence.

In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Jhabua one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 24 districts in Madhya Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date= 5 April 2012 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=83,750|13=1911|14=1,16,878|15=1921|16=1,35,558|17=1931|18=1,58,464|19=1941|20=1,86,035|21=1951|22=2,07,418|23=1961|24=2,85,619|25=1971|26=3,74,686|27=1981|28=4,47,438|29=1991|30=6,46,924|31=2001|32=7,84,286|33=2011|34=10,25,048|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Jhabua District has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,025,048,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Cyprus]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Cyprus 1,120,489 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Montana]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=2011-09-30
|quote=Montana 989,415
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date=19 October 2013
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 440th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 285 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 30.58%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Jhabua has a [[sex ratio]] of 989 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 44.45%. Scheduled Castes and Tribes made up 1.7% and 87% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>

As per the 2001 census Jhabua district (considering the separation of Alirajpur) had a total population of 784,286, out of which 396,141 were males and 388,145 were females. 91 per cent of the population was rural. 85.60 per cent of the population was tribal and 3 per cent belonged to scheduled castes.<ref name=admin/> Before the separation of Alirajpur, Jhabua district had a sex ratio of 990 and density of population stood at 206 / km2.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.educationforallinindia.com/page163.html |title = Population, decadal growth rate, sex ratio and density – States/Union territories and Districts : 2001 |work = Table 1 |publisher = Education for all in India, Source:Registrar General of India, Government of India, New Delhi |access-date = 2010-08-12 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090917064123/http://www.educationforallinindia.com/page163.html |archive-date = 17 September 2009 |url-status = dead }}</ref>

Jhabua is a predominantly ''[[Adivasi]]'' district, and suffers from high rates of [[illiteracy]] and [[poverty]]. Almost half of the population lives below the poverty line. The [[Bhil]] and [[Bhilala]] peoples inhabit the interior of the district.

===Languages===
At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 82.19% of the population in the district spoke [[Bhili language|Bhili]], 9.37% [[Hindi]], 3.45% [[Malvi language|Malvi]] and 2.40% [[Bhilali language|Bhilali]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>

Languages spoken include [[Bareli Rathwi language|Bareli Rathwi]], a [[Bhil languages|Bhil]] language with approximately 64 000 speakers, written in the [[Devanagari script]];<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Bareli, Rathwi: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bgd | access-date = 2011-09-28 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref> and [[Bhilali language|Bhilali]], with 1 150 000 speakers.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor = M. Paul Lewis | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Bhilali: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bhi | access-date = 2011-09-30 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}}</ref>

==Literacy==
According to 2001 census, with a literacy rate 36.9 per cent Jhabua district had the lowest literacy rate amongst districts of Madhya Pradesh.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.educationforallinindia.com/page172.html | title =Seminar On Progress Of Literacy In India: What The Census 2001 Preveals Niepa, New Delhi, October 05, 2002 | work =India’s Literacy Panorama | publisher = educationforallinindia.com |access-date = 2010-08-17 }}</ref>

==Culture==
{{unreferenced section|date=July 2020}}
A small village of 320 people in 1971, Deojhiri is 8 km north-east of Jhabua on the Ahmedabad-Indore State Highway No.22. It is at a distance of 1 km on the western side of the road, on the Sunar river. As the name of the village denotes there is an ancient temple and (''Jhiri'') or a perennial spring. The spring has been built up into a ''Kund''. A festival is held on [[Baisakh]] Poornima, which falls mostly in the month of April according to the Gregorian calendar. Katthivada in Jhabua district is noted for its large [[mango]]es.

==See also==

* [[2015 Jhabua explosion]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Jhabua District}}
* [https://jhabua.nic.in/ Official website]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Jhabua district
|North = [[Banswara district]], [[Rajasthan]]
|Northeast = [[Ratlam district]]
|East = [[Dhar district]]
|Southeast = [[Dhar district]]
|South = [[Alirajpur district]]
|Southwest = [[Alirajpur district]]
|West = [[Dohad district]], [[Gujarat]]
|Northwest = [[Banswara district]], [[Rajasthan]]
}}

{{Districts of Madhya Pradesh}}
{{Indore Division}}
{{Narmada basin}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|22.7667|N|74.6|E|type:adm3rd_source:itwiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Jhabua district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Madhya Pradesh]]

Jhabua district - Revision history

>Tom.Reding at 12:58, 26 May 2021