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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jharsa
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Haryana#India
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Haryana, India
| coordinates = {{coord|28.444921|N|77.073627|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Haryana]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of India|Region]]
| subdivision_name2 = North India
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = Gurgaon
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Local government
| governing_body = [http://www.mcg.gov.in Municipal Corporation, Gurgaon]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]] Haryanvi
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = [http://www.citypincode.in/PinCodeOf.jsp?area=Jharsa%20&district=Gurgaon 122003]
| registration_plate =[[List of RTO districts in India#HR.E2.80.94Haryana|HR]]-26-XX-XXXX
| website = {{URL|haryana.gov.in}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-HR]]
| footnotes =
}}

'''Jharsa''' is a village in [[Gurugram]] (city and [[tehsil]]) of [[Haryana]] State, [[India]]. It has a population of about 32,709; it is located {{convert|10|km|mi}} from the Gurugram city centre and {{convert|254|km|mi}} from the state's main city, [[Chandigarh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geolysis.com/place-info.php?p=615005400&k=287517408 |title=Local information for Jharsa - Location coordinates (lat long) on map, businesses, tourist places, hotels & restaurants, user added information, local resources |publisher=Geolysis.com |date= |accessdate=2016-01-01}}</ref> It is surrounded by Mohyal Colony, Patel Nagar, Kirti Nagar, Sectors 15, 31, 32, 39, 40, 46, and Indra Colony.

==History==
{{see also | History of Haryana | Badshahpur}}
The history of Jharsa dates back to medieval times. During the [[Mughal Empire|mughal]] and British colonial era, Jharsa was a [[paragana]] in Delhi [[subah]], and Gurgaon was just a small village. The ''Report of a Tour in Eastern Rajputana in 1882-83'',<ref>https://ia802604.us.archive.org/0/items/reportatourinea01cunngoog/reportatourinea01cunngoog.pdf</ref> published in 1885 by [[Alexander Cunningham]] (the then Director-General of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]]), mentions a stone pillar at Gurgaon of a local feudal lord "Durgga Naga" with the 3-line inscription ''"[[Vikram Samvat|Samvat]] 729 or 928, [[Vaisakha|Vaisakh]] badi 4, Durgga Naga lokatari bhuta"'', dating back to 672 or 871 AD. The [[paragana]] of [[Badshahpur]]-Jharsa was ruled by [[Begum Samru]] (b.1753 – d.1836), who built a palace for herself between Badshahpur and Jharsa.<ref name=hart1>[http://www.haryanatourism.gov.in/Destination/begum-samru-palace Begum Samru Palace, Gurugram], [[Haryana Tourism]].</ref> Jharsa was the place of Samru's principal cantonment.<ref name=htj1/> She built palaces at Sardhana, [[Chandni Chowk]] in Delhi and Jharsa; parts of her fort compound have been completely lost to encroachments.
{{anchor | Jharsa French memorial | Gurugram French memorial | Gurgaon French memorial | French memorial | Under British colonial rule}}

Jharsa was taken over by the British in 1836 after Samru's death; they established a civil line at Jharsa, and a cavalry cantonment at nearby Hiyadatpur.<ref name=giri1>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/Gurugram-plan-a-misdirected-govt-move-from-history-to-myth/articleshow/51961328.cms Gurugram plan a misdirected govt move from history to myth], Times of India.</ref>

A palace building located between Gurgaon and Jharsa village was used as the official residence and camp office of the [[District collector (India)|district collector]] of Gurugram district. Built in Islamic style, the ruins of this palace survived till about 2008 in Gurgaon.<ref>{{cite news|title=A queen’s magnificent church|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/a-queens-magnificent-church/996392/0|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=2 September 2012}}</ref>

Major Jean Etienne's tomb (also known as the '''"French Memorial of Jharsa"''') is the tomb of a [[Bordeaux|Bordelais]] soldier in Begum Samru's army, presently located in a park at Mohyal colony in Jharsa of Sector-40 of Gurugram.<ref name=htj1>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurugram/hope-for-decrepit-french-memorial-in-gurugram-as-official-issues-directions-for-restoration/story-2kCz8ul2IGKr7NYvyiWDXL.html Hope for decrepit French memorial in Gurugram as official issues directions for restoration], Hindustan Times, Jun 2018.</ref><ref name=frenchm1>[http://www.mytimesnow.com/news/india/986826/a-200-year-old-memorial-in-gurugram-dedicated-to-the-begum-who-commanded-an-army A 200-year-old memorial in Gurugram dedicated to the Begum who commanded an army]</ref><ref name=htj2>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurugram/a-200-year-old-memorial-in-gurugram-dedicated-to-the-begum-who-commanded-an-army/story-gynCi7xMR0F7ZtJXEtP1vI.htmlA 200-year-old memorial in Gurugram dedicated to the Begum who commanded an army], Hindustan Times, Jun 2018.</ref> Etienne, born in 1746, served Begum Samru from 1786 until his death on 5 June 1821.<ref name=htj1/> A restoration project for the tomb, to be undertaken by [[INTACH]], was approved by the government in 2018.<ref name=htj2/>

An idol of [[Sitla Mata]] in Gurugram, according to an 1882 land revenue settlement report, was brought there 400 years earlier (in the [[15th century]]). Begum Samru claimed the offerings from the Sitla Mata temple of Gurugram during the [[Chaitra]] month, and the revenue from the offerings given to the deity during other months was distributed among prominent Jat [[zamindar]]s of the area.<ref name="giri1"/> In 1818, [[Bharawas]] district was disbanded and Gurugram was made a new district, and in 1821, the Bharaswas cantonment was also moved to Hidayatpur in Gurugram.<ref>Yashpal Gulia, 2012, Heritage of Haryana.</ref>

==Geography==
===Location===
Jharsa lies near the [[Aravalli Range]], within the Gurugram city in the [[National Capital Region (India)|National Capital Region]]. Other villages in the vicinity are [[Wazirabad (Gurgaon)|Wazirabad]], Samaspur, [[Islampur, Gurgaon|Islampur]], [[Silokhera]], [[Tigra (gaon)|Tigra]], [[Ghata]], and [[Kanhai]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypincode.in/PinCodeOf.jsp?area=Jharsa%20&district=Gurgaon |title=Jharsa Gurgaon PinCode |publisher=citypincode.in |date= |accessdate=2014-03-15}}</ref>

===Climate of Jharsa===
{{Weather box
|collapsed =
|single line= Y
|location= Jharsa
|Jan high C= 21.1
|Feb high C= 24.2
|Mar high C= 30.0
|Apr high C= 36.2
|May high C= 39.6
|Jun high C= 39.3
|Jul high C= 35.1
|Aug high C= 33.3
|Sep high C= 33.9
|Oct high C= 32.9
|Nov high C= 28.3
|Dec high C= 23.0
|year high C = 31.4
|Jan low C= 7.3
|Feb low C= 10.1
|Mar low C= 15.4
|Apr low C= 21.5
|May low C= 25.9
|Jun low C= 28.3
|Jul low C= 26.6
|Aug low C= 25.9
|Sep low C= 24.4
|Oct low C= 19.5
|Nov low C= 12.8
|Dec low C= 8.2
|year low C = 18.8

|rain colour= green
|Jan rain mm= 20.3
|Feb rain mm= 15.0
|Mar rain mm= 15.8
|Apr rain mm= 6.7
|May rain mm= 17.5
|Jun rain mm= 54.9
|Jul rain mm= 231.5
|Aug rain mm= 258.7
|Sep rain mm= 127.8
|Oct rain mm= 36.3
|Nov rain mm= 5.0
|Dec rain mm= 7.8

|unit rain days=
|Jan rain days= 1.7
|Feb rain days= 1.3
|Mar rain days= 1.2
|Apr rain days= 0.9
|May rain days= 1.4
|Jun rain days= 3.6
|Jul rain days= 10.0
|Aug rain days= 11.3
|Sep rain days= 5.4
|Oct rain days= 1.6
|Nov rain days= 0.1
|Dec rain days= 0.6

|Jan sun= 213.9
|Feb sun= 217.5
|Mar sun= 238.7
|Apr sun= 261.0
|May sun= 263.5
|Jun sun= 198.0
|Jul sun= 167.4
|Aug sun= 176.7
|Sep sun= 219.0
|Oct sun= 269.7
|Nov sun= 246.0
|Dec sun= 217.0|date=October 2013}}

==Notable residents==

*[[Pritam Rani Siwach]], a former women's hockey team captain of [[India]]
*[[Virender Singh (Thakran)]] (Dheeraj Pahalwan), a wrestler who won a bronze medal in the Junior World Wrestling Championship and won a silver medal in [[Commonwealth Wrestling Championship]] in 1995.

== See also ==
{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
* [[List of National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries of Haryana, India]]
* [[List of Monuments of National Importance in Haryana]]
* [[List of State Protected Monuments in Haryana]]
* [[List of Indus Valley Civilization sites|Indus-Sarasvati Valley Civilization sites in Haryana]]
* [[Haryana Tourism]]
{{div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Gurgaon district topics}}

{{Haryana}}

[[Category:Villages in Gurgaon district]]
[[Category:Cantonments of British India]]

Jharsa - Revision history

CleanupBot at 07:40, 11 December 2022