>Editrite! at 03:10, 8 December 2021

2021-12-08T03:10:27Z

New page

{{short description|Gujarati language author from India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox writer
| embed =
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Jhinabhai Desai
| honorific_suffix =
| image = JhinabhaiDesaiPic.jpg
| image_size =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| pseudonym = Snehrashmi
| birth_name = Jhinabhai Ratanji Desai
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1903|04|16|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Chikhli, Gujarat]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1991|01|06|1903|04|16|df=y}}
| death_place =
| resting_place =
| occupation =
| language = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]
| residence =
| nationality = [[India]]n
| citizenship = [[India]]
| education =
| alma_mater =
| period =
| genre = 
| subject = 
| movement =
| notableworks = 
| spouse = 
| partner = 
| children =
| relatives =
| awards =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| years_active =
| module =
| website = 
| portaldisp = 
}}
'''Jhinabhai Ratanji Desai''' (16 April 1903 – 6 January 1991), better known by his pen name '''Snehrashmi''', was a [[Gujarati language]] author and [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence activist]].

==Life==
Jhinabhai was born on 16 April 1903 at [[Chikhli, Gujarat]]. He left studies of [[matriculation]] and joined [[Non-cooperation movement]] in 1920. He joined [[Gujarat Vidyapith]] in 1921 and graduated in political science from it in 1926. He taught history and political science at Gujarat Vidyapith from 1926 to 1928. He was jailed from 1932 to 1933 for his involvement in Indian independence activities. He joined Rashtriya Shala in 1934 as the principal.
He joined [[Sheth Chimanlal Nagindas Vidyalaya]] as the principal in 1938 and later served as its director.<ref>{{cite book|title=India Who's who|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tbBJAQAAIAAJ|year=1972|publisher=INFA Publications.|page=193}}</ref> He served as the acting Vice Chancellor of [[Gujarat University]] thrice. He presided over [[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]] at [[Madras]] in 1972.<ref name=gsp>{{cite web|url=http://www.gujaratisahityaparishad.com/prakashan/sarjako/savishesh/Savishesh-Snehrashmi.html |language =Gujarati |title =દેસાઈ ઝીણાભાઈ રતનજી, 'સ્નેહરશ્મિ' (Desai Jhinabhai Ratanji, 'Snehrashmi') |work=[[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]]|access-date =9 September 2014}}</ref> He also served as a senate and syndicate member in different universities of Gujarat. He also served as a member of the [[Sahitya Akademi]] and Historical Records Commission.

He was the president of [[Surat]] City Congress.<ref name="YājñikaSheth2005">{{cite book|author1=Acyuta Yājñika|author2=Suchitra Sheth|title=The Shaping of Modern Gujarat: Plurality, Hindutva, and Beyond|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wmKIiAPgnF0C&pg=PA215|year=2005|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-400038-8|pages=214–215}}</ref><ref name="DesāīDesāī1997">{{cite book|author1=Hakūmatarāya Desāī|author2=Kiraṇa Desāī|title=The Pardi Annakhed Satyagraha: Adivasi Assertion for Rights|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sZWGAAAAIAAJ|year=1997|publisher=Centre for Social Studies|page=46}}</ref> He died on 6 January 1991.<ref name=gsp2>{{cite web|url=http://www.gujaratisahityaparishad.com/prakashan/photo-gallery/sahitya-sarjako/SnehaRashmi.html |language =Gujarati |title =દેસાઈ ઝીણાભાઈ રતનજી, 'સ્નેહરશ્મિ' (Desai Jhinabhai Ratanji, 'Snehrashmi') |work=[[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]]|access-date =9 September 2014}}</ref>

==Works==
His initial works were influenced by nationalist sentiments and Gandhian ideals as he participated in [[Indian independence movement]].<ref name="Duggal1988">{{cite book|author=Kartar Singh Duggal|title=Writer in freedom struggle, India & Bulgaria|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sDUaAAAAIAAJ|year=1988|publisher=Twenty-first Century India Society|pages=67–72}}</ref><ref name="Malik1981">{{cite book|author=Yogendra K. Malik|title=South Asian intellectuals and social change: a study of the role of vernacular-speaking intelligentsia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ZvZAAAAMAAJ|year=1981|publisher=Heritage|page=194|isbn=9780836408256}}</ref> His later works are more focused on the beauty and emotions. He chiefly wrote poetry and short stories but also ventured into other forms of literature.<ref name=gsp/>

===Poetry===
His poetry collections ''Ardhya'' (1935) and ''Panghat'' (1948) including ''Bar Majoor nu Geet'' (The Song of Twelve Peasants) are the examples of his Gandhian influence.<ref name="Sharma1992">{{cite book|author=Sita Ram Sharma|title=Gujarati|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-IVhAAAAMAAJ|year=1992|publisher=Anmol Publications|isbn=978-81-7041-545-9|pages=83–87}}</ref> His other poetry collections are ''Atitni Pankhmathi'' (1974), ''Kshitije Tya Lambavyo Hath'' (1984), ''Nijleela'' (1984).<ref name=gsp/><ref name="NatarajanNelson1996">{{cite book|author1=Nalini Natarajan|author2=Emmanuel Sampath Nelson|title=Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1lTnv6o-d_oC&pg=PA115|date=1 January 1996|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-28778-7|page=115}}</ref>

He introduced ''[[haiku]]'', Japanese short form of poetry, in Gujarati literature and popularized it.<ref name=gsp/><ref name="NatarajanNelson1996"/><ref name="Satyendra2000">{{cite book|author=Kuśa Satyendra|title=Dictionary of Hindu Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UcAwrV60cpAC&pg=PA15|date=1 January 2000|publisher=Sarup & Sons|isbn=978-81-7625-159-4|pages=15–}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Japan Review: Bulletin of the International Research Center for Japanese Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LePkAAAAMAAJ|year=1992|publisher=International Research Center for Japanese Studies|page=19}}</ref> ''Soneri Chand Rooperi Suraj'' (1967) is the collection of 359 haiku and six [[tanka]] poems.<ref>{{cite book|title=East Asian Literatures: Japanese, Chinese and Korean : an Interface with India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v7gLNXa6jXsC&pg=PA268|date=1 January 2006|publisher=Northern Book Centre|isbn=978-81-7211-205-9|page=268}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Indian Writing Today|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_WjVAAAAMAAJ|year=1967|publisher=Nirmala Sadanand Publishers.|page=27}}</ref> ''Kevalveej'' (1984) and ''Sunrise on the Snowpeaks'' are his other haiku collections.<ref name=gsp/>

''Tarapo'' (1980) and ''Ujani'' are collections of [[children's poetry]]. ''Sakal Kavita'' is the collection of all his poems published between 1921 and 1984.<ref name=gsp/>

===Short story===
''Gata Aasopalav'' (1934) was his first short story collection.<ref name="Das1995">{{cite book|author=Sisir Kumar Das|title=History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, struggle for freedom : triumph and tragedy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sqBjpV9OzcsC&pg=PA671|date=1 January 1995|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-7201-798-9|page=671}}</ref> ''Tutela Taar'' (1934), ''Swarg ane Prithvi'' (1935), ''Moti Bahen'' (1955), ''Heera na Latkaniya'' (1962), ''Shrifal'' (1969), ''Kala Topi'' (1962) and ''Snehrashmi ni Shreshth Vartao'' (1983) are his other short story collections.<ref name=gsp/><ref name="NatarajanNelson1996"/>

===Autobiography===
His autobiography starts from 1920. His childhood to his school education is described in ''Mari Duniya'' (1970). It is followed by ''Safalyatanu'' (1983) which has detailed account of the [[Non-cooperation movement]] and its leaders. It ends in 1933.<ref>{{cite book|title=Indian Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YKS2AAAAIAAJ|year=1984|publisher=Sähitya Akademi.|page=37}}</ref> It is followed by two more volumes, ''Ughade Navi Kshitijo'' (1987) and ''Divas Ugyo Ane''.<ref name=gsp/>

===Others===
''Antarpat'' (1961) is novel about social and cultural dimensions. ''Matodu ne Tulsi'' (1983) is his play collection. ''Bharat na Ghadvaiya'' (1957) is biography collection. ''Pratisad'' (1984) is his book on criticism. '' Kavya Sangraha'' with [[Umashankar Joshi]] (1937), ''Sahitya Pallav'' (1941) and ''Sahitya Pathavali'' (1966) are his compilations.<ref name=gsp/><ref name="NatarajanNelson1996"/>

==Awards==
He was awarded Presidents Award as the best teacher in 1961. He received [[Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak]] in 1967 and [[Narmad Suvarna Chandrak]] in 1979.<ref name=gsp/> In 1987, he received [[Sahitya Gaurav Puraskar]].

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Desai, Jhinabhai}}
[[Category:Poets from Gujarat]]
[[Category:1903 births]]
[[Category:1991 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language writers]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:Haiku poets]]

Jhinabhai Desai - Revision history

>Editrite! at 03:10, 8 December 2021