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{{short description|English artist (1837–1911)}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox writer 
| name = John Lockwood Kipling
| image = Portrait of John Lockwood Kipling.jpg
| caption = Kipling before 1899
| pseudonym =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1837|07|06}}
| birth_place = [[Pickering, North Yorkshire]], England
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1911|1|26|1837|07|06}}
| death_place = [[Tisbury, Wiltshire]], England
| occupation = Art teacher, illustrator, museum curator
| genre =
| notable_works =
| influences =
| influenced =
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Alice Kipling|Alice McDonald]]|1865}}
| children = [[Rudyard Kipling]]
}}
[[File:John Lockwood Kipling és Rudyard Kipling.jpg|thumb|160px|John Lockwood Kipling and Rudyard Kipling, c.1890]]

'''John Lockwood Kipling''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CIE}} (6 July 1837 – 26 January 1911) was an English art teacher, illustrator and museum curator who spent most of his career in [[British Raj|India]]. He was the father of the author [[Rudyard Kipling]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1892/01/24/archives/new-publications-animal-life-in-india-beast-and-man-in-india-a.html John Lockwood Kipling, C.I.E.] ''[[New York Times]]'', 24 January 1892.</ref>

==Life and career==
Lockwood Kipling was born in [[Pickering, North Yorkshire|Pickering, North Riding]], the son of Reverend Joseph Kipling and Frances née Lockwood,<ref>{{cite book|last=Carrington|first=Charles|author-link=Charles Carrington (historian)|title=Rudyard Kipling: His Life and Work|year=1986|publisher=Penguin Books|location=Harmondsworth|isbn=014058028X|pages=31–32|chapter=1: Kiplings and Macdonalds}}</ref> and was educated at [[Woodhouse Grove School]], a Methodist boarding school. He met his wife [[Alice Kipling|Alice MacDonald]] while working in [[Burslem]], Staffordshire, where his designs can still be seen on the façade of the [[Wedgwood Institute]].<ref name=brit>[https://collections.vam.ac.uk/objectid/O69187 Drawing by John Lockwood Kipling, and Biography] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090421064925/http://collections.vam.ac.uk/objectid/O69187 |date=21 April 2009 }} ''[[Victoria & Albert Museum]]''.</ref>
[[File:John Lockwood Kipling and Alice Kipling.jpg|thumb|160px|left|John Lockwood Kipling and [[Alice Kipling]] in India during 1870]]
Alice was the daughter of a Methodist minister, the Reverend George Browne Macdonald. Kipling married during 1865 and relocated with his wife to India, where he had been appointed as a professor of architectural sculpture in the [[Jeejeebhoy School of Art]] in [[Bombay]] (now [[Mumbai]]), and later became its principal.<ref name="brit"/>

Their son was born soon after, in December 1865, and was christened [[Rudyard Kipling|Rudyard]] after [[Rudyard, Staffordshire]], the place where his parents had first met;<ref name=brit/> their daughter Alice <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scalar.lehigh.edu/kiplings/alice-kipling-trix|title = The Kiplings and India: Alice MacDonald Fleming (Beatrice [Trix] Kipling)}}</ref> also known as Beatrice Kipling <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/rudyard-kipling|title=Rudyard Kipling|date=6 August 2021}}</ref> was born in 1868. His life-long friend [[John Griffiths (artist)|John Griffiths]], whom he had met whilst working together at the South Kensington Museum and worked with him at the Bombay School of Art, became Rudyard's godfather.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O105522/a-study-of-a-head-painting-griffiths-john/|title=A Study of a Head of a Koonbie | Griffiths, John | V&A Explore the Collections}}</ref> During 1870–1872 Kipling was commissioned by the government to tour the [[Punjab, British India|Punjab]], [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|North-West Frontier]] and [[Kashmir]] and make a series of sketches of Indian craftsmen as well as various sights and antiquities in these regions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theheritagelab.in/lockwood-kipling/|title=Lockwood Kipling: Arts & Crafts of Punjab and London|date=15 January 2017|website=The Heritage Lab|language=en-GB|access-date=31 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.victorianweb.org/art/illustration/kiplingjl/index.html|title=Book Illustration by John Lockwood Kipling|website=victorianweb.org|access-date=31 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://owlcation.com/humanities/Lockwood-Kipling-Arts-and-Crafts-in-the-Punjab-and-London-Exhibition-at-VA-Museum|title=Lockwood Kipling: Arts and Crafts in the Punjab and London – Exhibition at V&A Museum|website=Owlcation|language=en|access-date=31 July 2019}}</ref> Several of these sketches are presently at the [[Victoria and Albert Museum]] whilst others were printed in a number of books.<ref name=brit/>

During 1875, Kipling was appointed the Principal of [[Mayo School of Arts, Lahore]], [[British India]] (present day [[National College of Arts]], [[Pakistan]]) and also became curator of the old original [[Lahore Museum]] which figured as the Wonder House or ''Ajaib Ghar'' in [[Kim (novel)|Kim]],<ref>Tarin, O, in 'The Kipling Journal', June 2008, pp 10–21</ref> not to be confused with the present one.<ref>For details see [[Peter Hopkirk]], ''Quest for Kim:In Search of Kipling's Great Game'' London: J Murray, 1996</ref> He retired back to England in 1893.

Kipling illustrated many of Rudyard Kipling's books, and other works, including ''Tales of the Punjab'' by [[Flora Annie Steel]]. He also worked on the decorations for the [[Victoria and Albert Museum]] in London and [[frieze]]s on the [[Crawford Market]] in Bombay. The friezes of the Crawford Market are done in a Romano-Gothic style. The west entrance displays trader and sack-scales with porter, planter and water carrier around a well-head, while the east features several bullock carts.<ref>{{Cite book|title=British Sculpture in India: New Views and Old Memories|last1=Steggles|first1=Mary Ann|last2=Barnes|first2=Richard|publisher=Frontier|year=2011|isbn=978-1-872914-41-1|location=Norfolk|pages=235}}</ref> John Kipling designed the uniforms and decorations for the Imperial Assemblage at [[Delhi]] during 1877, organised by the [[Viceroy of India]], [[Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton|Lord Lytton]], at which [[Queen Victoria]] was proclaimed Empress of India.

During his tenure as the Principal of the Mayo School of Art, Lahore, he patronised indigenous artisans and by training and apprenticeship transformed them into craftsmen and designers. One of his protégés was [[Bhai Ram Singh]], who assisted him in his imperial commission for decorating the [[Durbar (court)|Durbar]] Room at [[Osborne House]]. Kipling also remained editor of the ''Journal of Indian Art and Industry'', which published drawings made by the students of the Mayo School.

He died in 1911, and is buried beside his wife in [[Tisbury, Wiltshire]] parish church.<ref>[http://www.sussex.ac.uk/library/speccoll/collection_catalogues/baldwin.html#JohnLK Papers of John Lockwood Kipling] ''[[University of Sussex]]''.</ref>

During 2017 the [[Bard Graduate Center]] had an exhibition of his work: ''John Lockwood Kipling: Arts & Crafts in the Punjab and London.''[https://www.bgc.bard.edu/gallery/exhibitions/72/john-lockwood-kipling]

==Main published works==
* ''Beast and Man in India: A Popular Sketch of Indian Animals in Their Relations with the People'', Published by Macmillan and Co, London, 1891.
* ''Inezilla: A Romance in Two Chapters'', by J.L.K. Reprinted from The Chameleon, Allahabad, [1873].
* ''Across the Border: Or, Pathân and Biloch'', by Edward Emmerson Oliver, Illustrations by John Lockwood Kipling. Published by Chapman and Hall, 1890.
* ''Tales of the Punjab Told by the People'', by Flora Annie Webster Steel, Richard Carnac Temple, John Lockwood Kipling. Published by Macmillan and co., 1894.
* ''The Two Jungle Books'', by Rudyard Kipling. Illustrations by J. Lockwood Kipling, C.I.E., and W. H. Drake. Published by Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc., New York, 1893.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:T2JB423 - Jungle Book capital R.jpg|Illustration for a chapter capital in the 1895 edition of ''The Two Jungle Books'' (1895), a compilation of ''The Jungle Book'' and ''The Second Jungle Book'', both by his son, Rudyard Kipling.
File:JLKipling Kim Great Trunk Road.jpg|[[Bas-relief]] from a series illustrating ''[[Kim (novel)|Kim]]''.
File:Mayo College, Ajmer, India - Coat of Arms.JPG|[[Mayo College]], Ajmer, India Coat of Arms designed by (John) Lockwood Kipling.
File:JLKiplingdedication.jpg|Cryptic dedication page with Arabic inscriptions.
File:Wood Carver at Shimla, pencil and ink drawing by John Lockwood Kipling, 1870.jpg|''Wood Carver at Shimla'', pencil and ink drawing by J. Lockwood Kipling, 1870.
File:1 Kipling graves Tisbury.jpg| Graves of John Lockwood Kipling and Alice Kipling, St John the Baptist Church, Tisbury, Wiltshire, England.
File:2 Kipling graves Tisbury.jpg| Graves of John Lockwood Kipling and Alice Kipling, St John the Baptist Church, Tisbury, Wiltshire, England.
File:3 Kipling graves Tisbury.jpg| Grave of John Lockwood Kipling, St John the Baptist Church, Tisbury, Wiltshire, England.
File:4 Kipling graves Tisbury.jpg| Grave of John Lockwood Kipling, St John the Baptist Church, Tisbury, Wiltshire, England.
File:5 Kipling graves Tisbury.jpg| Grave of Alice Kipling, St John the Baptist Church, Tisbury, Wiltshire, England.
File:6 Kipling graves Tisbury.jpg| Grave of Alice Kipling, St John the Baptist Church, Tisbury, Wiltshire, England.
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Lockwood Kipling Fountain]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Bryant, Julius & Susan Weber (eds.) ''John Lockwood Kipling: Arts and Crafts in the Punjab and London'', Yale University Press, 2017. {{ISBN|978-0-30022-159-6}}
* ''The Pater: John Lockwood Kipling His Life and Times 1837–1911'', by Arthur R Ankers, Pond View Books, 1988. {{ISBN|1-871044-00-6}}
* ''The Kipling Papers: A List of Papers of John Lockwood Kipling 1837–1911'', Joseph Rudyard Kipling 1865–1936, and of Some Papers of Josephine, Elsie and John Kipling from Wimpole Hall, Cambridge. by University of Sussex Library. Manuscripts Section, Rudyard Kipling. Published by University of Sussex Library, 1980. {{ISBN|0-85087-014-3}}.
*''Official Chronicle of the Mayo School of Art: The Formative Years Under Lockwood Kipling. (1875 to 1893)'', Researched and introduced by Nadeem Omar Tarar. Samina Choonara (editor). National College of Arts, Lahore, 2003, {{ISBN|969-8623-00-0}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|John Lockwood Kipling}}
* [https://www.thekeep.info/collections/keep-partners/university-of-sussex-special-collections/kipling-papers-wimpole-archive-sxms-38/ Rudyard Kipling Papers and other Kipling related collections] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122074820/https://www.thekeep.info/collections/keep-partners/university-of-sussex-special-collections/kipling-papers-wimpole-archive-sxms-38/ |date=22 November 2021 }} at [[The Keep, Brighton|The Keep]], [[University of Sussex]]
* {{Gutenberg author | id=38798| name=John Lockwood Kipling}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=John Lockwood Kipling}}
* [https://collections.vam.ac.uk/name/lockwood-kipling-john/3625/ Works held by the Victoria and Albert Museum]

{{Rudyard Kipling}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kipling, John Lockwood}}
[[Category:English illustrators]]
[[Category:1837 births]]
[[Category:1911 deaths]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:People from Pickering, North Yorkshire]]
[[Category:British people in British India]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Sir J. J. School of Art]]
[[Category:Family of Rudyard Kipling]]
[[Category:Burials at Tisbury parish church, St John's]]
[[Category:Principals of the National College of Arts]]
[[Category:Artists from Lahore]]

John Lockwood Kipling - Revision history

Kvora3 at 19:15, 29 January 2026