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[[File:Reporter from CN8 at the Petco gas explosion 20050304.jpg|thumb|A television reporter holding a [[microphone]].]]
A '''journalist''' is a person who works in [[journalism]] to report the [[news]]. They may work on their own ("freelance") or for a [[newspaper]], a [[radio program|radio]] or [[television programme]]. There are different kinds of journalists.

A '''reporter''' is a type of journalist who [[research]]es, writes, and reports [[information]]. Newspaper reporters write news articles and stories for newspapers. They write these articles and stories by [[interview]]ing people, asking questions, and doing research.

Reporters must tell the [[truth]] in their reports. Telling the truth is a very important part of all [[journalism]] jobs. Those who do not tell the truth may be punished like other workers who do not do their work. They can be suspended (do not work for a short time) or fired (losing their jobs).

However, frequently news reporting does show [[bias]] instead of [[Objectivity (journalism)|objectivity]].

== Dangers ==
Journalists sometimes expose themselves to [[danger]], especially when reporting in areas of [[War|armed conflict]] or in places that do not respect the [[freedom of the press]]. Organizations such as [[Reporters Without Borders]] publish reports on press freedom and advocate for press freedom. The [[Committee to Protect Journalists]] has reported that as of 1 December 2010, 145 journalists were imprisoned around the world for reporting the news. Current numbers are even higher. The ten countries with the most journalists currently imprisoned are [[Turkey]] (95),<ref>{{cite news |title=Number of Jailed Journalists Nearly Doubles in Turkey |url= http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/04/jailed-journalists-nearly-double-in-turkey.html |work=Los Angeles Times |date=5 April 2012|accessdate=6 April 2012 }}</ref> [[People's Republic of China|China]] (34), [[Iran]] (34), [[Eritrea]] (17), [[Burma]] (13), [[Uzbekistan]] (6), [[Vietnam]] (5), [[Cuba]] (4), [[Ethiopia]] (4), and [[Sudan]] (3).<ref>{{cite web|author=Iran, China drive prison tally to 14-year high |url=http://cpj.org/reports/2010/12/cpj-journalist-prison-census-iran-china-highest-14-years.php |title=Iran, China drive prison tally to 14-year high (December 8, 2010). Committee to Protect Journalists. Retrieved November 18, 2011 |publisher=Cpj.org |accessdate=2013-04-16}}</ref>

== Terms ==
[[File:Nicosia 3 April 2008 06.jpg|thumb|A correspondent reporting for German news about the conflict in [[Cyprus]].]]
There are many different types of jobs in journalism.

* A [[columnist]] is someone who writes their opinions and point of view for a newspaper or magazine.
* A [[correspondent]] is a journalist who reports from a distant location. They report for a newspaper, or radio or television station, whose staff is based in another location. A ''foreign'' correspondent is a correspondent who reports news from another country.
* A [[fact checker]] checks that the [[fact]]s written in news reports are indeed correct.
* A [[Copy editing|copy editor]] checks for errors in [[spelling]] and [[grammar]].
* A [[news presenter]], or anchor, is someone who [[Presenter|presents]] news during a news program
* A ''penny-a-liner'' is a derogative term for a journalist who is paid for a certain amount of text. It is an old expression which goes back to the days when writers were paid one [[penny]] for each line they wrote. An [[Australia]]n [[newspaper]], ''The Queenslander'', printed a story in 1871 that the "...penny a-liner no longer exists, for there are but few papers who pay at so small a rate at the present day. The increased value of literary labor and the demand for news has affected the lowest as well as the highest of literary laborers, and the flimsy writer can now obtain three-halfpence, and in some cases, twopence, for every printed line that appears in the newspaper..."<ref>{{Cite web
|url= http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27264596
|title=NLA Australian Newspapers - article display
|work=newspapers.nla.gov.au
|accessdate=15 August 2010
}}</ref>
* A [[Photojournalism|photojournalist]] is a journalist who takes [[photograph]]s in order to tell a news story.
* A [[political commentator]] is a journalist who takes a non-[[Objectivity (journalism)|objective]] viewpoint in a [[discussion]].

== Related pages ==
* [[Critic]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== More reading ==
{{Commons category|Journalists}}
* Nathaniel C. Fowler (1913) [https://books.google.com/books?id=9RlIAAAAIAAJ ''The Handbook of Journalism: All about Newspaper Work''] New York: Sully and Kleinteich.
* James L. Huffman (2003) [https://books.google.com/books?id=WngYfDz1pAMC ''A Yankee in Meiji Japan: The Crusading Journalist''] Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. {{ISBN|978-0-7425-2621-1}}
* David Randall (2000) [https://books.google.com/books?id=nVI7qkIJS6IC ''The Universal Journalist''] Sterling, Virginia: Pluto Press. {{ISBN|978-0-7453-1641-3}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/43481682 OCLC 43481682]
* Ejijah M. Stone (1921) [https://books.google.com/books?id=W544AAAAIAAJ ''Fifty Years a Journalist''] New York: Doubleday, Page and Company. [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/1520155 OCLC 1520155]
* Donald Woods (1981) [https://books.google.com/books?id=G-8OAAAAMAAJ ''Asking for Trouble: Autobiography of a Banned Journalist''] New York: Atheneum. {{ISBN|978-0-689-11159-4}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/6864121 OCLC 6864121]

[[Category:Journalists| ]]

{{Simple-Wikipedia}}

Journalist - Revision history

WikiDwarf at 14:17, 30 April 2021