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{{short description|Social activist, Indian freedom fighter}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Jugatram Dave
| image = JugatramDavePic.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Jugatram Chimanlal Dave
| birth_date = 1892
| birth_place = [[Kathiawar]]
| death_date = 1985
| death_place =
| nationality =
| other_names =
| occupation =
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
}}
'''Jugatram Chimanlal Dave''' (1892–1985)<ref name="books.google_a">{{cite book|last=Das|first=Sisir Kumar|title=A History of Indian Literature: 1800–1910, western impact: indian Response, Volume 8|year=1991|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|location=New Delhi|page=658|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sHklK65TKQ0C&q=jugatram+&pg=PA658|isbn=8172010060}}</ref> was a [[Gandhian]] social activist, freedom fighter and author from [[Gujarat]], [[India]] who is remembered for his social work among the tribals of [[South Gujarat|southern Gujarat]].

== Early life and education ==
Dave was born in [[Kathiawar]] and schooled in [[Bombay]] and went to [[Baroda]] in 1915 where he worked as a school teacher under [[N. C. Kelkar|Kakasaheb Kelkar]] for some years. In 1917 he joined Gandhi at the [[Kochrab Ashram]] and later went with him to the [[Sabarmati Ashram]] where he came to be regarded as an ideal ashram inmate. He taught at a school in the Ashram and later worked at the Navjivan Press.<ref name="jamnalalbajajfoundation">{{cite web|title=Shri Jugutram Dave|url=http://www.jamnalalbajajfoundation.org/media/pdf/JBA_1978_Bio_Jugatram_Dave.pdf|publisher=Jamnalal Bajaj Foundation|access-date=7 June 2013}}</ref>

== Gandhian activist ==
Responding to Gandhi's call for constructive work after the [[Non Cooperation Movement]], Dave chose to work on rural development in [[Bardoli]] in the [[Surat district]] where he joined the Swaraj Ashram in 1924. In Bardoli, Dave's efforts focused on the landless [[bonded labour]]ers called ''halpatis'' and the Raniparaj Adivasis both groups that were exploited by moneylenders, landlords and contractors. Dave focused on spreading education among these groups through the establishment of ''[[balwadi]]s'' and ''ashramshalas'' and popularised the [[spinning wheel]] among them.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Desai|first=J C|title="A LONGER WAY IS STILL AHEAD," Says Jugatram Dave|journal=Yojana|date= January 1967|volume=11|series=1|page=37|url=http://yojana.gov.in/cms/(S(yif1ksmeugkn5f55ilqqhy2o))/pdf/Yojana/English/1967-68/Jan_Vol11_No1.pdf|access-date=7 June 2013}}</ref> While at the Bardoli ashram, he participated in the flood relief efforts in Gujarat in 1927. A Raniparaj Vidyalaya for the education of adivasis was established at Bardoli in 1926 which subsequently shifted to Vedchhi and it was here that Dave worked for the rest of his life.<ref>{{cite web|last=Desai|first=I P|title=THE VEDCHHI MOVEMENT (A Sociological Essay)|url=http://www.css.ac.in/download/english/The%20Vedchhi%20Movement.pdf|publisher=Centre for Regional Development Studies, Surat|access-date=7 June 2013}}</ref>

== Role in the freedom struggle ==
Dave, along with [[Swami Anand]], assisted [[Sardar Vallabhai Patel]] in the [[Bardoli Satyagraha]] on the wishes of Gandhi. Dave was tasked with covering the Sardar's speeches in Bardoli which he reported to Anand in [[Surat]] who in turn brought them to the larger public through newsletters.<ref>{{cite book|last=Patil|first=Jayant|title=Agricultural and Rural Reconstruction: A Sustainable Approach|year=1996|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|location=New Delhi|page=147|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JW3N-JtJuaYC&q=jugatram+dave&pg=PA147|isbn=8170225892}}</ref> He served several terms in prison for his participation in the [[Salt Satyagraha]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Gandhi|first=Rajmohan|title=Mohandas: True Story of a Man, His People|year=2007|publisher=Penguin|location=UK|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-FDI8LkGsIAC&q=jugatram+dave&pg=PT435|isbn=9788184753172}}</ref> [[Individual Satyagraha]] and the [[Quit India Movement]]. He was also associated with the [[Charkha Sangh]], the [[Talimi Sangh]] and the All India Village Industries Association.<ref name="jamnalalbajajfoundation" />

== Life in independent India ==
Dave worked with [[Vinobha Bhave]] and [[Jaiprakash Narayan]] in the establishment of the [[Shanti Sena]], an unarmed volunteer force that was formed in the aftermath of the [[Indo-China War of 1962]], that undertook rural reconstruction work in the [[North East Frontier Agency]] (NEFA) which had been an important theatre of the war. The Sena later undertook humanitarian work among the refugees from [[East Pakistan]] in the run up to the [[liberation of Bangladesh]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Patil|first=Jayant|title=Agricultural and Rural Reconstruction: A Sustainable Approach|year=1996|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|location=New Delhi|page=150|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JW3N-JtJuaYC&q=jugatram+dave+shanti+sena&pg=PA150|isbn=8170225892}}</ref><ref name="books.google">{{cite book|last=Weber|first=Thomas|title=Gandhi's Peace Army: The Shanti Sena and Unarmed Peacekeeping|year=1996|publisher=Syracuse University Press|location=Syracuse|pages=87,127|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BJ2B1TY6dL8C&q=jugatram+dave&pg=PA85|isbn=0815626843}}</ref>

Dave was also deeply interested in issues of education. In 1967, the Vedchhi Ashram founded the [[Gandhi Vidyapith]] and the Shanti Sena Vidyalaya. He argued that in [[independent India]] basic educational curriculum must not only be productive and schooling rooted in society but also that it should emphasise on national ideas and character formation.<ref name="books.google" /><ref>{{cite book|last=Rao|first=V V|title=Education in India|year=2004|publisher=Discovery Publishing House|location=New Delhi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aTAB-CAUrVoC&q=jugatram+dave+kothari+commission&pg=PA109|isbn=8171418589}}</ref>

== Notable books and awards ==
Dave was a noted [[Gujarati literature|Gujarati]] biographer who penned the biographies of several prominent leaders of the [[Indian independence movement|freedom struggle]] besides also writing children's literature. Some of his works include ''Our Bapu'', ''Prahlad'', a play for children, ''Atma Rachana'' on rural reconstruction and the autobiography ''Mari Jivanakatha''.<ref name="books.google_a" /><ref name="jamnalalbajajfoundation" /><ref>{{cite news|title=Munnabhai & Gandhi may meet in jail|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/mumbai/cover-story/Munnabhai-Gandhi-may-meet-in-jail/articleshow/15728707.cms|access-date=7 June 2013|newspaper=Mumbai Mirror|date=2 August 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Children's literature in Indian languages|year=1982|publisher=Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India|page=59|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g45NAQAAIAAJ&q=jugatram+dave+children's+literature}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Most widely held works by Jugatram Chimanlal Dave|url=http://www.worldcat.org/identities/np-dave,%20jugatram%20chimanlal$1888|access-date=7 June 2013}}</ref> He was awarded the [[Jamnalal Bajaj Award]] for "outstanding contribution in constructive work" in 1978.<ref>{{cite web|title=1978 : Outstanding Contribution in Constructive Work|url=http://www.jamnalalbajajfoundation.org/awards/archives/1978/constructive-work/jugatram-dave|publisher=Jamnalal Bajaj Foundation|access-date=7 June 2013}}</ref>

== Death and commemoration ==
The Jugatram Dave Ashram Schools Scheme of the [[Government of Gujarat]] which provides financial aid to voluntary organisations running ashram schools and to students studying there is named after him.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shri Jugatram Dave Ashram Schools Scheme|url=http://www.sje.gujarat.gov.in/dscw/showpage.aspx?contentid=1481&lang=English|publisher=Director, Scheduled Caste Welfare|access-date=7 June 2013}}</ref> ''Bapu na Jugatrambhai'' is a book by Prabhudas Gandhi that chronicles the bond between [[MK Gandhi|Gandhi]] and Dave.<ref>{{cite web|title=Written work by Prabhudas Gandhi|url=http://www.gandhiserve.org/pg.html|publisher=Gandhi Serve|access-date=7 June 2013}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of Gujarati-language writers]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.mkgandhi.org/ebks/gandhiji.pdf GANDHIJI Written By: Jugatram Dave]

{{Mohandas K. Gandhi}}
{{Jamnalal Bajaj Award winners}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dave, Jugatram}}
[[Category:Gandhians]]
[[Category:1892 births]]
[[Category:1985 deaths]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language writers]]

Jugatram Dave - Revision history

imported>Hog Farm at 06:31, 18 July 2021