->Aleef shan at 10:58, 26 September 2021

2021-09-26T10:58:48Z

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{{Short description|Indian revolutionary}}
[[File:KM_MOULAVI_SAHIB.jpg|thumb|KM Moulavi Sahib]]
'''Kaathib Thayyil Mohammed Kutty Musliyar,''' popularly known as '''K. M. Moulavi''' or '''K. M. Maulavi,''' was an Indian revolutionary. He was a leader of the [[Indian independence movement]], [[Khilafat Movement]], [[Muslim League (Opposition)|Muslim League]]<ref name="SMW19-48-47">{{cite journal |title=Article |journal=Samakalika Malayalam Weekly |date=22 April 2016 |volume=19 |issue=48 |page=47 |url=http://epaper.malayalamvaarika.com/786340/Malayalam-Vaarika/18042016#page/47/2 |access-date=27 May 2020}}</ref> and Islahi Movement from [[Malabar District|Malabar district]]. He was a religious scholar who promoted modern education, the [[Malayalam language]], and Muslim women's education. He worked to uplift the [[Mappila]] community after the [[Malabar rebellion]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=KM Moualvi (Malayalam)|last=Abdul Kareem|first=KK Mohammed|publisher=Al Kathib Publications|year=1985|location=Tirurangadi|pages=7–11}}</ref><ref name="IM115">{{cite book |last1=Muhammed Rafeeq |title=Development of Islamic movement in Kerala in modern times |location=Islahi Movement |page=115 |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/52387/11/11_chapter%204.pdf#page=28 |access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref><ref name="Sikand">{{cite book |last1=Sikand |first1=Yoginder |title=Bastions of The Believers: Madrasas and Islamic Education in India |date=24 August 2005 |isbn=9789352141067 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EtkvCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT128 |access-date=28 August 2019}}</ref>

Maulavi was the founding leader of Kerala Muslim Aikya Sangham (1922), Kerala Jamiyyathul Ulama (1924), founding president of [[Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen|Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen (1950)]] and founding vice president of [[Indian Union Muslim League]] (1948) Malabar district committee.

== Early life ==
Maulavi was born in 1886 near [[Tirurangadi]], a municipal town in [[Malapuram]]. He was educated by his parents, Thayyil Kunhi Moitheen and Ayisha, who were known for religious scholarship.

He studied under [[Chalilakath Kunahmed Haji]], a prominent scholar at Vazhakkad Darul Uloom Arabic college. Vazhakkad Darul Uloom Arabic college is the first Arabic college in Kerala.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PCBdogPnnqsC&q=chalilakath |title=Educational Empowerment of Kerala Muslims: A Socio-historical Perspective |last=Mohammed|first=U. |date=2007 |publisher=Other Books |isbn=9788190388733}}</ref> While studying there with Chalilakath Kunahmed Haji and serving as a scribe, he earned the name Kaathib.

== Career ==

=== Khilafath movement ===
Maulavi was a leader of the Malabar Khilafath committee. He organized Khilafath meetings from November 20, 1920 in [[Kondotty]] to January 15, 1921 in [[Kozhikode|Kozhikkode]], in Ernad, Valluvanad, Kozhikkode and Ponnani Taluk,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hasan|first=Zoya|date=March 1986|title=The Congress in a District, 1930-46: Problems of Political Mobilization|journal=The Indian Economic & Social History Review|volume=23|issue=1|pages=41–61|doi=10.1177/001946468602300103|s2cid=145095322|issn=0019-4646}}</ref> with the intention of inviting the Muslim masses into the Indian national movement.

On February 2, 1921 he served as a founding member and leader of Kerala Majlisul Ulama, Kerala faction of Majlis-ul-Ulama'e Hind along with [[E. Moidu Moulavi]]. In the Arabic book ''Mahakal Khilafat Dismil Khalifa,'' Maulavi argued against orthodox Muslim clerics who were supportive of the existing relationship between India and the British. He urged Mappila Muslims to seek a peaceful resolution to their grievances. When the Malabar protest devolved into armed struggle, he continued to advise the necessity of a peaceful protest.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qVVuAAAAMAAJ&q=%22K.+M.+Maulavi%22+-wikipedia|title=Against lord and state: religion and peasant uprisings in Malabar, 1836-1921|last=Panikkar|first=K. N.|date=1989|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195621396}}</ref>

=== Kodungallur (1921-1932) ===
British police issued an arrest warrant for Maulavi after the [[Malabar rebellion]], but he moved to [[Kodungallur]] and lived there for about 11 years. Kottappurath Seethi Mohammed Sahib, the father of [[K. M. Seethi Sahib]] and Manappattu Kunjahammed Haji supported him there.

He conducted many Islamic sermons and classes, strengthening reform movement in Kodungallur. He was influenced by [[Vakkom Moulavi]]. He criticized superstitious beliefs and orthodoxy practiced among the Muslim community and asked them to distance themselves from such acts. He helped form Kerala m Aikya Sangam in 1922, the first socio-religious organization of Muslims of Kerala.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PCBdogPnnqsC&q=%22K.+M.+Maulavi%22+-wikipedia|title=Educational Empowerment of Kerala Muslims: A Socio-historical Perspective|last=Mohammed|first=U.|date=2007|publisher=Other Books|isbn=9788190388733|pages=59, 60}}</ref> The organization aimed to promote Muslims unity, education and to settle disputes among Muslims.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lloyd|first=Nick|date=2014-11-17|title=Colonial Counter-insurgency in Southern India: The Malabar Rebellion, 1921–1922|journal=Contemporary British History|volume=29|issue=3|pages=297–317|doi=10.1080/13619462.2014.980725|s2cid=145338606|issn=1361-9462}}</ref>

== Activism ==
Maulavi was noted for his religious scholarship. His ''Fathwas was'' published in ''Al-Murshid''',''''' an [[Arabi Malayalam]] magazine. He was the founding leader of Kerala Jamiyathul Ulama (1924)<ref name="EDI462">{{cite book |last1=R.E. Miller |title=Encyclopaedia Dictionary Islam Muslim World Etc |page=462 |url=https://archive.org/stream/EncyclopaediaDictionaryIslamMuslimWorldEtcGibbKramerScholars.13/06.EncycIslam.NewEdPrepNumLeadOrient.EdEdComCon.BosDonLewPel.etc.UndPatIUA.v6.Mah-Mid.Leid.EJBrill.1990.1991.#page/n483/mode/1up |access-date=1 March 2020 |quote=Khatib Muhammad Maulavi (1886-1964) in the religious field. A Malabar scholar respected for his skill in tafsir and fikh, for his important fatwas, and for his efforts to establish the all-Kerala Jamiat-ul-Ulema, Khatib Muhammad's integrity and personality enabled him to transmit the southern reform to the more traditional north. To help express the spirit of the reform, "K.M." also joined with his colleagues, E. K. Maulavi and M. K. Haji, in establishing the major Mappila orphanage at Tirurangadi.}}</ref> and the founding President of [[Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TC6zCAAAQBAJ&q=%22K.+M.+Maulavi%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA99|title=Mappila Muslim Culture: How a Historic Muslim Community in India Has Blended Tradition and Modernity|last=Miller|first=Roland E.|date=2015-04-27|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=9781438456010|pages=94–101}}</ref>

He was the founding leader of Tirurangadi Muslim orphanage. He was the founding joint secretary of Rouzath-ul-Uloom association, parental body of [[Farook College]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hauser|first=Walter|date=July 1963|title=The Indian National Congress and Land Policy in the Twentieth Century|journal=The Indian Economic & Social History Review|volume=1|issue=1|pages=57–65|doi=10.1177/001946466400100104|s2cid=143763169|issn=0019-4646}}</ref>

== Politics ==
Although he started his political life in the [[Indian National Congress]], he left to join the [[All-India Muslim League]] due to his dissatisfaction with the INC leadership and their treatment of the Mappilas.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Campbell|first=David|date=June 2001|title=International Engagements|journal=Political Theory|volume=29|issue=3|pages=432–448|doi=10.1177/0090591701029003007|s2cid=143038121|issn=0090-5917}}</ref> He was the founding vice president of [[Indian Union Muslim League|Indian Union Muslim League (Madras, 1948)]] and played a significant role in building the [[Indian Union Muslim League]] in Malabar<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://millireport.com/islahi-movement-and-muslim-politics|title=Muslim Politics and Islahi Movement|last=Thanveer|first=Musthafa|date=17 February 2019|website=Millireport}}</ref> until his death in 1964.

== Publications ==
He was the editor and publisher of ''Al-Murshid, Al-Irshad''<ref name="TH221">{{cite book |last1=T. Hashim |title=Islamic Traditions in Malabar Boundaries Appropriations and Resistances |page=221 |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/175798/11/11_%20chapter%205.pdf#page=17 |access-date=11 March 2020}}</ref> and ''Muslim Aikyam'' magazines''.''

List of his books:

''1- Nidaun Ilal Alamil Islami (Arabic)''

''2- Al Ibadathu Val Uboodiyya''

''3- Annaful Ameem''

''4- Namaskaram''

''5- Addua'a wal ibadha''

''6- Al Wilayathu Wal Karama''

''7- Qadiyani Vadha Khandanam''

''8- Manasikul Hajj''

''9- Islamum Sthreekalum''

''10- Ma'ashira vili''

''11- Khathmunnubuvvath''

''12- Kaifiyyathul Hajj''

''13- Fath'hul Qawiyy''

''14- KM Moulaviyude Fatwakal''

''15- Risalathun fil Bank''

16- ''Jumua Khutuba''

== References ==

{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Maulavi, KM}}

[[Category:1964 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian Muslim activists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Indian editors]]
[[Category:Indian publishers (people)]]
[[Category:Indian independence movement]]
[[Category:Muslim League]]
[[Category:Indian Union Muslim League]]

K. M. Maulavi - Revision history

->Aleef shan at 10:58, 26 September 2021