CleanupBot II at 08:01, 14 August 2023

2023-08-14T08:01:37Z

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox religious building
|building_name= Kabuli Bagh Mosque, Panipat
|image= Kabuli_Bagh_Mosque.JPG
|caption= Kabuli Bagh Mosque, Panipat in Haryana
|location=Bajaj Nagar, [[Panipat]], [[Haryana]]
|map_type=India Haryana#India
|coordinates={{coord|29.395804|N|76.989137|E|region:IN-WB_type:landmark|display=inline,title|format=dms}}
|geo=
|religious_affiliation=[[Islam]]
|rite=
|province= [[Haryana]]
|territory=
|district=[[Panipat district]]
|consecration_year=1527
|status=[[Mosque]]
|leadership= [[Babur]]
|website=
|architect= Babur
|architecture_type= Mosque
|architecture_style=[[Islamic architecture|Islamic]]
|facade_direction=West
|year_completed=1527
|construction_cost=
|capacity=
|length=
|width=
|width_nave=
|height_max=
|dome_quantity=1
|dome_height_outer=
|dome_height_inner=
|dome_dia_outer=
|dome_dia_inner=
|minaret_quantity=
|minaret_height=
|spire_quantity=
|spire_height=
|materials=Marble
}}
The '''Kabuli Bagh Mosque''' is a [[mosque]] in Panipat which was built in 1527 by the emperor [[Babur]] to mark his victory over Sultan [[Ibrahim Lodhi]] at the [[first Battle of Panipat]] in 1526. The mosque located in [[Panipat]] is named after Kabuli Begum, Babur's wife.<ref name=Tour>{{Cite web|url=http://haryanatourism.gov.in/showpage.aspx?contentid=5382|title=Kabuli Bagh Mosque, Panipat |access-date=17 November 2015|publisher=Official web site of Haryana tourism Department}}</ref><ref name=Mosque>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cpreecenvis.nic.in/Database/KabuliBaghMosque_1983.aspx|title=Kabuli Bagh Mosque|access-date=17 November 2015|publisher=C.P.R. Environment Education Centre, Chennai}}</ref>

==Location==
The mosque located in Kabul Bagh Colony, Panipat in Panipat district is at a distance of {{Convert|2| km}} from Panipat town.<ref name=Tour/><ref name=Mosque/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://panipat.gov.in/tourist-place/kabuli-bagh-mosque-panipat/|title=KABULI BAGH MOSQUE, PANIPAT}}</ref>

==History==
===Construction of Mosque===
The main building was built in 1527. Emperor Babur of [[Timurid dynasty]] defeated Sultan Ibrahim Lodhi in the first Battle of Panipat in 1526 at Panipat.<ref name=Mosque/>{{Sfn|Asher|Talbot|2006|p=158}} It was the first conquest of the [[Mughals]] over [[Hindustan]].{{Sfn|Asher|1992|p=26}} A descendant of Tamerlane (Taimur Lung) who built this monument as a show of victory of the Mughals over the Pathan rulers of India. He built the Kabuli Bagh mosque in 1527.<ref name=Tour/>{{Sfn|Asher|Talbot|2006|p=158}}

===Addition of Gates and Garden (1)===
In 1527, the gate and the garden surrounding it were built.{{Sfn|Asher|1992|p=26}}
[[File:Babari_Maszid_at_Panipat.jpg|thumb|right|Front view of Kabuli Bagh Mosque Panipat as on 08-01-2018]]

===Addition of Gates and Garden (2)===
When [[Babur]]'s son [[Humayun]] defeated [[Sher Shah Suri]]'s descendants near Panipat, he added a masonry Platform to it and called it "Chabutra" Fateh Mubarak, bearing the inscription 934 Hijri (1557 CE). These buildings and the garden still exist under the name of Kabuli Bagh called so after Babur’s wife – Mussammat Kabuli begum.

==Architecture==
Its architecture is to some extent a replica of royal mosques in [[Samarqand]] with large arched domes. Babur could not replicate the [[Timurid architecture]] fully as trained artisans and engineers were not available in India in creating this type of architecture.{{Sfn|Asher|Talbot|2006|p=158}}

There is an inscription dated 1527 which mentions the name of the King and the Queen and details about the builder.<ref name=Tour/> This inscription is on a distinct black marble stone.{{Sfn|Asher|1992|p=28}}
The entire gate was built with bricks and red sandstone.

==Features==
The mosque built with bricks and stucco plaster within a compound wall faces north. The corners of the mosque have towers of octagonal shape on the northwest and south west directions.{{Sfn|Asher|1992|p=26}}

Its entry gate built with bricks and red sandstone has an enclosed "bracket type lintel" opening of which is shaped like a large arch; its [[spandrels]] have ornamentation, enclosed in rectangular panels provided with arched recesses.<ref name=Tour/> The prayer hall is large and measures {{Convert|53.75|by|16.5| m|ft|0}} , and is covered by a large dome.{{Sfn|Asher|1992|p=26}}

There is a [[Qibla]], a niche in the prayer chamber wall which is oriented towards [[Mecca]]. This central bay is visible even from the outside through its wide entrance opening. The [[mihrab]] here has an [[epigraphy|epigraph]] which includes the "Throne Verse from the Quran".{{Sfn|Asher|1992|p=28}}

The prayer chamber is flanked on either side by "three-bayed triple-aisled side wings". The front face of the mosque is high and is made up of panels which have stucco work of lime plaster. Each of the two wings have nine bays and each bay is topped by a hemispherical dome founded on low cylindrical [[tholobate]]s. The parapet wall has [[Persian language|Persian]] inscriptions. A ''Chabutra-i-Fateh Mubarak'' is a masonry platform which surrounds the mosque, which was built during the reign of [[Humayun]] to mark his victory over Salim Shah.<ref name=Tour/><ref name=Mosque/> There is also a northern stone gate in the courtyard.{{Sfn|Asher|1992|p=28}}

==External galleries==
* [http://vmis.in/ArchiveCategories/collection_gallery_parent?id=155&siteid=0&minrange=0&maxrange=0&count=48 82-image online picture gallery] of Kabuli Bagh Mosque taken by [[American Institute of Indian Studies]] in 2008 CE
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171202185652/http://vmis.in/ArchiveCategories/collection_by_category/169 Online picture gallery] of Indo-Islamic monuments of Haryana taken by [[American Institute of Indian Studies]] in 2008 CE

==See also==

{{div col}}
*[[Panipat#Places Of Interest|Panipat Places Of Interest]]
*[[Ibrahim Lodhi's Tomb]]
*[[Lodi Gardens|Lodi Gardens in Delhi]]
*[[Humayun's Tomb]]
*[[Aga Khan Historic Cities Support Programme]]
{{col div end}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|last= Asher |first=Catherine Blanshard |title=Architecture of Mughal India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ctLNvx68hIC&pg=PA26|date=24 September 1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-26728-1}}
* {{cite book|last1= Asher |first1=Catherine B. |last2= Talbot |first2=Cynthia |title=India before Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1GEWAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT158|date=16 March 2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-91561-8}}
{{Mosques in India}}

[[Category:Mosques in Haryana]]
[[Category:Panipat]]
[[Category:Mughal architecture]]
[[Category:16th-century mosques]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1527]]

Kabuli Bagh Mosque - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 08:01, 14 August 2023