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{{Main article|Kadamba dynasty}}
{{Karnataka History}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
The '''Kadambas of Hangal''' was a [[South India]]n dynasty during the [[Classical India|Late Classical period]] on the [[Indian subcontinent]], which originated in the region of [[Karnataka]]. Chatta Deva who reigned from 980-1031 CE founded the dynasty. He helped [[Western Chalukyas]] in the coup against the [[Rashtrakuta]]s; re-established the [[Kadamba Dynasty]] mostly as a feudatory of [[Western Chalukyas]], but his successors enjoyed considerable independence and were almost sovereign rulers of [[Goa]] and [[Konkan]] till 14th century CE.

The successors of Chatta Deva occupied both [[Banavasi]] and Hangal and are known as Kadambas of Hangal. Uniting [[Banavasi]] and Hangal, distinguished himself against the [[Cholas]] and carved out a kingdom (which stretched, on this side, including [[Ratnagiri district]], up to [[Kolhapur]]).<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://ratnagiri.nic.in/Gazetter/GOM/his_medaieval.html
|title=KADAMBAS OF HANGAL. (967-1347 A. D.)
|publisher=
|accessdate=2009-03-20
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111129041008/http://ratnagiri.nic.in/Gazetter/GOM/his_medaieval.html
|archive-date=29 November 2011
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> He is referred to as having conquered [[Konkan]]. When the [[Chalukyas]] under their king, [[Jayasimha II (Western Chalukya dynasty)|Jayasimha II]] made an advance on Dhar (capital of the [[Malavas]]) and defeated [[Bhoja]], who was then the [[Paramara dynasty|Paramara king]], the part played by Chaltadev (Chatta Deva), the feudatory of the [[Chalukyas]], was significant. During 1075-1116 Kirtivarma subdued the 7 Konkans.

Due to the struggle between the [[Hoysalas]] and the [[Yadavas of Devagiri|Yadavas]], for supremacy, the Kadambas of Hangal under Kamdeva<ref>{{cite book
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RUX8-PzWohgC&q=Hangal+hoysala+Temple&pg=PA145
|title=The Kadamba Kula By George Moraes, Moraes M.George
|publisher=
|isbn=9788120605954
|accessdate=2009-03-20
|last1=Moraes
|first1=George M.
|year=1990
}}</ref> marched against the [[Konkan]] and compelled Vijayadatta (to transfer his allegiance to him).<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://ratnagiri.nic.in/Gazetter/GOM/his_medaieval.html
|title=KADAMBAS OF GOA (966 A. D. to 1340 A. D.), SILAHARAS OF KOLHAPUR.
|publisher=
|accessdate=2009-03-20
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111129041008/http://ratnagiri.nic.in/Gazetter/GOM/his_medaieval.html
|archive-date=29 November 2011
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> But during 1187 and 1188, immediately on his accession, Jayakesi III declared himself independent. Later [[Kadambas]] kept paying nominal allegiance to [[Yadavas of Devagiri|Yadavas]] and [[Hoysalas]] of Dorasamudra and thus maintained their independence.

Different families of Kadambas ruled southern India, notable were Kadambas of Hangal, [[Kadambas of Goa]], [[Kadambas of Halasi]] and [[Kadambas]] of [[Banavasi]].
[[File:Old Kannada inscription (1200 AD) of King Kamadeva of the Kadamba dynasty of the Hangal branch.jpg|thumb|upright| Old Kannada inscription (1200 CE) of King Kamadeva of the Kadamba dynasty of the Hangal branch.]]

==Minor Kadamba Kingdoms==
The Kadambas of Banavasi declined by sixth century, by the tenth century Kadamba were local chiefs, the Kadamba of Hangal emerged as a vassal of the [[Western Chalukyas]], and the [[Kadambas of Goa]] at Goa and Konkan until the fourteenth century. Similarly some more minor Kadamba branches established, they remained vassals.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsFarEast/IndiaKadambas.htm
|title=Minor Kadamba Kingdoms
|publisher=
|accessdate=2013-09-03
}}</ref>

===Kadambas of Bankapur===
They served as regional governors for Kadambas of Banavasi and then Kadambas of Hangal.

===Kadambas of Bayalnad===
After the fall of the [[Western Ganga dynasty|Western Ganga]]s, the ''Kadambas of Bayalnad'' established as independent kingdom. It was founded by Kaviyammarasa, who ruled towards end of 10th century CE.

===Kadambas of Nagarkhanda===
Kadambas of Nagarkhanda descendants of Mayuravarma of Hangal, served as regional governors, Nagarkhanda is the district to the north-east of Banavasi. They titled as ''boon lords of Banavasipura'', their capital was at Bandhavapura. Initially the Kadambas of Hangal refused to acknowledge suzerainty of [[Kalachuris of Kalyani]], that led to war between them, then Kalachuris helped Somadeva as per the 1159 inscription Somadeva subordinate of Kalachuris, they conquered Banavasi and handed it over to Somadeva (in 1165).

===Kadambas of Uchchangi===
The Kadambas of Uchchangi were in name only kings of Banavasi actually the power remain with Kadambas of Hangal.

==Coinage of Hangal Kadambas==
[[Kadambas]] coins were among the heaviest and perhaps purest of all medieval Indian gold coinage.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.nupam.com/postg1.html
|title=The Kadambas of Hangal
|publisher=
|accessdate=2009-04-02
}}</ref> Kadambas issued 2 types of gold coins, namely ''Punch-marked gold coins'' and ''Die struck gold coins''. During 1075-1094 CE, Shanti Varma, issued gold punch marked coin
and in 1065 CE, Toyimadeva, issued die struck gold coins ([[Pagoda (coin)|Pagoda]]).

===Punch-marked gold coins===
[[File:ಕದಂಬ - ತೊಯಿಮದೇವ.jpg|thumb|1048 - 1075 CE Gold coins issued by Kadamba King Toyimadeva.]]
* Kadamba punch-marked gold coin issued in name of ''Jaysimha II'' Jagadekamalla ([[Chalukya]]).
* Coin consists of a central punch mark of [[Hanuman]], and 4 retrospectant lions.
* 2 prominent punch marks create 2 Shri alphabets depicts goddess Laxmi in [[Telugu-Kannada script]].

===Die struck gold coins ([[Pagoda (coin)|Pagoda]])===

* In 1065 AD [[Kadambas]] ''Toyimadeva'' issued ''first die struck gold coins''.
* The gold coin of Kadambas depict god [[Hanuman]], inside lined circle and dotted circle, flanked by two chouries and conch. Also include the figures of sun and moon. Below is the legend Nakara (Nagara, the deity of [[Bankapura]], Nagareshwara) in [[Telugu-Kannada script]].

{{Middle kingdoms of India}}

==See also==
* [[Kadamba dynasty]]
* [[Kadambas of Goa]]
* [[Kadamba architecture]]
* [[Hangal]]
* [[Halasi]]
* [[Banavasi]]
* [[Vajjada II]]
* [[Indian coinage]]
* [[Vinayaditya (Hoysala dynasty)|Kadambas of Bayalnadu (Vainadu)]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:History of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Empires and kingdoms of India]]
[[Category:Kadambas]]
[[Category:Dynasties of India]]
[[Category:Former countries in South Asia]]
[[Category:10th century in India]]
[[Category:11th century in India]]
[[Category:Ancient currencies]]

Kadambas of Hangal - Revision history

>WereSpielChequers at 13:56, 4 May 2021