2402:3A80:1F3C:EB8A:70F4:3253:96F8:BD0F at 05:56, 22 May 2021

2021-05-22T05:56:02Z

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{{short description|Town in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kairana
| other_name =
| settlement_type = Town
| nickname = {{Location map|India Uttar Pradesh|label=Kairana|mark=blue_pog.svg|lat=29.4|long=77.2|width=300|float=center}}
| subdivision_type = Country india
| subdivision_name = {{Flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Shamli district|Shamli]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 242
| population_total = 89,000
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census2011Gov"/>
| government_type = Municipality
| leader_title = Chairperson
| leader_name = Anwar Hasan
| leader_title1 = [[Member of Parliament]]
| leader_name1 = [[Pradeep Choudhary]]
| leader_title2 = Member of Legislative Assembly
| leader_name2 = [[Nahid Hasan]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly (UPLA): Member info |url=http://www.upvidhansabhaproceedings.gov.in/web/guest/member?memberId=19949 |website=www.upvidhansabhaproceedings.gov.in |accessdate=14 October 2019}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|accessdate=23 May 2019|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archivedate=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Additional official
| demographics1_info2 = [[Urdu]]<ref name="langoff"/>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 247774
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 01398
| registration_plate = UP-19
| blank1_name_sec1 =
| blank1_info_sec1 =
| footnotes =
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha| Lok Sabha constituency]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Kairana (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kairana]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituency]]
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Kairana (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kairana]]
| official_name =
}}

'''Kairana''' is a large city and a [[municipal board]] in [[Shamli district]] of the Indian [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]].

==History==
Shamli was declared as a district in September 2011 and was named Prabuddh Nagar by [[Mayawati]], the then [[Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh|chief minister of Uttar Pradesh]]. In July 2012, Shamli got its original name back by [[Akhilesh Yadav]], who became chief minister in 2012. Prior to that, Kairana was a ''[[tehsil]]'' of [[Muzaffarnagar district]].

==Demographics==
As of [[2011 Indian Census]], Kairana had a total population of 89,000, of which 47,047 were males and 41,953 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 16,074. The total number of literates in Kairana was 34,441, which constituted 38.7% of the population with male literacy of 45.4% and female literacy of 31.2%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Kairana was 47.2%, of which male literacy rate was 55.2% and female literacy rate was 38.2%. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] population was 5,087 and 8 respectively. Kairana had 13951 households in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Kairana |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=126246 |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |accessdate=25 December 2019}}</ref>

{{As of|2011|alt=As of the 2001}} India [[census]], Kairana had a population of 73,046. Male population is 38,849 and female population is 34,197. In Kairana, 21.7% of the population was in the age group of 0–6 years. In Kairana, the population of literates was 21,539, which constituted 29.5% of the total population. The effective literacy of population seven years and above was 37.6%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2011: Data from the 2011 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=1 November 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref>

==Migration==
{{Main article|Kairana and Kandhla migration row}}
Kairana and Kandhla migration row (also known as Kairana exodus) refers to alleged mass migration of families from Kairana and Kandhla in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh during the period 2014–16. Media sources have stated that the migration was due to threats of extortion from Mukim Kala, described as a "gangster." The National Human Rights Commission issued a notice to the Uttar Pradesh government regarding the migration from Kairana.[1] Bharatiya Janata Party politician Hukum Singh released a list of 346 Hindu families which had migrated from Kairana. On 14 June, he released another list, this time containing the names of migrant families from Kandhla. Both these list and the subsequent response have received extensive media coverage and are expected to play a key role in the upcoming Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 2017.
Several families have reportedly deserted the city due to extortion and loot by goons of gangsters like Mukim Kala. Many families have reportedly been forced to shift to nearby Haryana villages due to the terror. Locals said they were getting threats on phone and through letters. If one refuses to give protection money, he is killed by the henchmen. They have no option but to leave the city to save their lives.<ref>{{cite news|title=In Akhilesh Yadav's Uttar Pradesh, mobster forces Hindu exodus|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/in-akhilesh-yadavs-uttam-pradesh-mobster-forces-hindu-exodus/1/689875.html|agency=India Today|issue=Kairana exodus|date=12 June 2016}}</ref> However it was also reported that many migrated not because of communalism, but crime.<ref>{{cite news|title=A dangerous game|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/a-dangerous-game/article8756751.ece|agency=The Hindu|date=22 June 2016}}</ref>

[[National Human Rights Commission]] confirmed the exodus<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/meerut/Exodus-of-Hindu-families-from-Kairana-a-reality-finds-NHRC-probe-report/articleshow/54451892.cms?from=mdr|title=Exodus of Hindu families from Kairana a reality, finds NHRC probe report - Times of India|access-date=22 September 2016}}</ref> in an inquiry which also cited the influx of [[2013 Muzaffarnagar riots#Relief camps|Muzaffarnagar Riot refugees]] as exacerbating the harmony in Kairana.

==Notable people==
* [[Begum Tabassum Hasan]]
* [[Chaudhary Munawwar Hasan]] former MP.
* [[Hukum Singh]] former MP.
* [[Abdul Karim Khan]]
* [[Jamil Naqsh]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Shamli district}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Shamli district]]

Kairana - Revision history

2402:3A80:1F3C:EB8A:70F4:3253:96F8:BD0F at 05:56, 22 May 2021