->Ser Amantio di Nicolao at 09:14, 28 August 2021

2021-08-28T09:14:01Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox raga
| name = Kalavati
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| thaat = [[Khamaj (thaat)|Khamaj]]<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tanarang.com/english/kalawati_eng.htm|title=Raag Kalawati – Indian Classical Music – Tanarang.com|website=www.tanarang.com}}</ref>
| type = Audava-Audava<ref name="auto" />
| time = Midnight<ref name="auto" />
| season =
| arohana = S G P D n S'<ref name="auto" />
| avarohana = S' n D P G S<ref name="auto" />
| vadi = Pa<ref name="auto" />
| samavadi = Sa<ref name="auto" />
| pakad =
| chalan =
| synonym =
| equivalent =
| similar =
}}

'''Kalavati''' or '''Kalawati''' is a modern [[pentatonic]] [[raga|Hindustani classical raga]]. [[Svara]]s Re (the second tone) and Ma (the fourth tone) are strictly omitted (Varjya/Varjit). Kalavati belongs to the [[Khamaj Thaat]].<ref name="auto" />

== Aroha and avaroha ==
[[Arohana|Ārohana]]

S G P D n S'<ref name="auto" />

In the [[Western scale]], assuming S == C, this would roughly translate to: C E G A B♭ c

[[Avarohana]]

S' n D P G S<ref name="auto" />

Kalavati uses (komal) ni as a [https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803115040619 Vakra Svara] in Aroha.

P D n D S'

== Vadi and samavadi ==
The [[Vadi (music)|Vadi]] is Pa, while the [[Samvadi]] is Sa{{sfn|Moutal|1991| p=461}}<ref name="auto" />

== Pakad or chalan ==
Komal Ni is weak in Aroha and often dropped: G P D n D S' or S G P D S', but in [[Tana (music)|Tanas]] G P D n S' is also taken.

Komal Ni is also [https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/andolita Andolita] G P D n~ D P

It's also used as G P D n – S' D G P D S n – D P{{sfn|Moutal|1991| p=461}}

== Organization and relationships ==
Kalavati is derived from a [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]] raga (see also [[Yagapriya]]). According to J.D. Patki the raga was popularized in Maharashtra by Pandit Rao Nagarkar, [[Roshan Ara Begum]] and [[Gangubai Hangal]]. B.Subba Rao explains the Carnatic Kalavati as omitting Ga and Ni in aroha and Ni in Avaroha, using komal Re. That would make it closer to [[raga]] Jansamohini.

== Carnatic music ==
In [[Carnatic music]], Kalavati is approximated as Valachi or [[Valaji]], and is considered to be S G P D n S/S n D P G S, and a janya of the 28th [[Melakartha]], [[Harikambhoji]].

== Bandishes(Compositions) composed in Raag Kalavati ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!S.No
!Bandish Name / Bandish Initial Bol
!Composer and Creator
!Taal
|-
|1
|Bharat Jahan Se Pyaara.....
भारत जहां से प्यारा.....
|Pandit Gokulotsavji Maharaj
|TeenTaal
|}

== Film songs ==
=== Tamil ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Song
! Movie
! Composer
! Singer
|-
| Pongum Kadalosai
| [[Meenava Nanban]]
| rowspan="4" | [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| [[Vani Jayaram]]
|-
| Thatti Sellum
| [[Thanga Pathakkam]]
| [[Vani Jayaram]],Sai Baba
|-
| Pottu Vaitha Mugamo
| [[Sumathi En Sundari]]
| [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[B. Vasantha]]
|-
| Unnai Yenni Yennai
| [[Ragasiya Police 115]]
| rowspan="2" | [[P. Suseela]]
|-
| Devi Sridevi
| Devi
| [[V. Dakshinamoorthy]]
|-
| Naan Indri Yaar Vaaruvaar (Ragamalika:Abhogi,Valaji)
| [[Maalaiyitta Mangai]]
| [[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
| [[T. R. Mahalingam (actor)|T. R. Mahalingam]], [[A. P. Komala]]
|-
| Yeriyile Oru Kashmir Roja (Ragamalika:Kedar/Hamirkalyani,Valaji)
| Madhanamaaligai
| M. B. Sreenivasan
| rowspan="2" | [[P. Suseela]], [[K. J. Yesudas]]
|-
| Vasantha Kaalam Varumo
| [[Marakka Mudiyumaa?]]
| rowspan="2" | [[T. K. Ramamoorthy]]
|-
| Unnai Thedinen
| Ival Oru Pournami
| rowspan="2" | [[S. Janaki]]
|-
| Naan Irukka Bayam Edarkku
| [[Neethiyin Marupakkam]]
| [[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|-
| Govardhanan Vanthan
| Raga Bandhangal
| [[Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Vani Jairam]]
|-
| Kudumbathin Thalaivi Kulavilakku
| Olimayamaana Ethirkaalam
| [[Vijaya Bhaskar]]
|-
| Azhagana Sandhangal
| [[Adhu Antha Kaalam]]
| [[Chandrabose (composer)|Chandrabose]]
| [[K.J. Yesudas]], [[Vani Jairam]]
|-
| Parvai Theril
| [[Hemavin Kadhalargal]]
| [[Raveendran]]
| [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
| Thirukona Moolam
| [[Swades|Desam]]
| [[A. R. Rahman]]
| [[S.P. Balasubrahmanyam]],Master Vignesh, Baby Pooja
|-
| Kanchi Kamatchi
| [[Killadi Mappillai]]
| [[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
| [[Mano (singer)|Mano]]
|-
| Yedhukkaga Enna
| [[Rummy (2014 film)|Rummy]]
| [[D. Imman]]
| Santhosh Hariharan, A. V. Pooja
|}

== Behavior ==
G is often a starting note of a combination: G G P D n D P G. While returning to Sa a descending [[meend]] is taken from Ga to Sa

Other movements:

S, G P, G\S ṇ Ḍ S, S PG P, DP GS, G P D - - D - - n D P, G G P D n~ , n D P, G P, G P D n D, nD S', S' G' S' S' G' P' G' S' n D, G P D, n n D P, G D P, G n D, G'\S' n D, n D P G P DP G\S, ṇ Ḍ S - | G P D n S n D P G\S - ||{{sfn|Moutal|1991| p=461}}

=== Samay (time) ===
Midnight

== Historical information ==
=== Important recordings ===
* [[Imrat Khan]], L.P.record No. EASD-1358
* [[Nishat Khan]], "Sentimental Sitar", Super Cassettes Ind (1994). Ltd, as CD: SICCD 042
* [[Prabha Atre]], "Classical Vocal: Maru Bihag, Kalavati, Thumri Mishra Khamaj", HMV
* [[S. Balachander|S Balachander, Veena]], "Carnatic Instrumental: Muthuswamy Dikshithar Krithi – Kalavati Kamalasana Yuvati"; <nowiki>http://gaana.com/share/titemI41181</nowiki>
*[[Gokulotsavji Maharaj|Acharya Dr. Pandit Gokulotsavji Maharaj]], Hindustani Classical Vocal, Bharat Jahan Se Pyara भारत जहां से प्यारा. Recorded to DoorDarshan

== See also ==
* [[Diksha]]
* [[Kalavati tantra]]
* [[Tantra]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://chandrakantha.com/raga_raag/film_song_raga/kalavati.shtml Film Songs in Rag Kalavati]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_fxgmHiOJE Example of Raag Kalavati on Youtube by Ch-02: SANSKRITI [Arts, History, Philosophy]]

== Literature ==
* {{Citation
| last=Moutal
| first=Patrick
| title=A Comparative Studie of Selected Hindustānī Rāga-s
| publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal
| place=New Delhi
| year=1991
| isbn=81-215-0526-7
}}
* {{Citation
| last=Patki
| first=J.D.
| title=Aprakāśita Rāga (3 Vols.)
| publisher=Sangeet Karyalaya
| place=Hathras
| year=1971–1975
}}
* {{Citation
| last=Patwardhan
| first=Narayan Rao
| title=Rāga Vijñāna (7 Vols.)
| publisher=Sangeet Gaurav Granthmala
| place=Poona
| year=1961–1974
}}
* {{Citation
| last=Rao
| first=B. Subba
| title=Rāganidhi (vols 2,3,4)
| year=1964–1966
| publisher=Music Academy
| place=Madras
}}

{{Rāgas as per Performance Time}}

[[Category:Hindustani ragas]]
[[Category:Janya ragas]]

Kalavati - Revision history

->Ser Amantio di Nicolao at 09:14, 28 August 2021