->MB at 03:06, 21 April 2021

2021-04-21T03:06:52Z

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{{EngvarB|date=May 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}

{{Infobox canal
|name = Mamannar Kalingarayan Canal
|image = Kalingarayan canal.JPG
|image_size =
|image_caption = Canal near Cauvery - Erode
|date_act =
|date_began =
|date_use =
|date_completed = {{Start date and age|1283}}
|len_ft =
|beam_ft =
|branch =
|branch_of = [[Bhavani River]]
|length_mi = 56.5
|status = open
|navigation_authority =
}}
'''Mamannar Kalingarayan Canal''' is a {{convert|90.5|km|mi|disp=flip|adj=on}} long [[irrigation]] [[canal]] in the [[Erode district]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India. It was constructed by [[Kongu Nadu]] Chieftain [[Kalingarayan|Mamannar Kalingarayan Gounder]] and completed in 1283. The canal's source is the [[Kalingarayan Anicut]] dam near [[Bhavani, Erode]]. The canal irrigates approximately {{convert|15,743|acre}} of [[agricultural]] land.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/kalingarayan-sluices-opened-erode-all-set-for-farming/article2119326.ece
|title=Kalingarayan sluices opened, Erode all set for farming|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref>

Project, including the canal and the [[Kalingarayan Anicut]] dam started in 1271 and was completed in 1283, taking over 12 years.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/Kalingarayan-Canal-is-725-years-old/article14706944.ece
|title=Kalingarayan Canal is 725 years old|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref>
The dam was constructed by Kalingarayan king.

==Course and architecture==
The canal connects [[Bhavani river|Bhavani]] and [[Noyyal river]]s, two major tributaries of the [[Kaveri River|Kaveri]]. It is one of the oldest [[river linking]] projects in India.<ref>{{cite book
|url=http://cpcb.nic.in/zonaloffice/banglore/Kalingarayan_Canal_Water_Quality_Study.pdf
|title=Kalingarayan Canal Water Quality Study|publisher=Central Pollution Control Board|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2013/sep/20/Memorial-in-honour-of-Kalingarayan-CM-518235.html
|title=Memorial in Honour of Kalingarayan-CM|publisher=New Indian Express|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref> The Canal starts at [[Kalingarayan Anicut]] on Bhavani river and joins Noyyal river near [[Kodumudi]]. The canal is {{convert|56|mile}} long and was designed to reduce the water current, to avoid damage to the canal banks and to increase the ground water table.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.dinakaran.com/Tour_Detail.asp?Nid=175&cat=7|title=காலிங்கராயன் கால்வாய் வளைந்து செல்வது ஏன்?|publisher=[[Dinakaran]]|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref> The canal crosses three other canals via [[Aqueduct (bridge)|aqueducts]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/Kalingarayan-Canal-turns-727/article16353405.ece
|title=Kalingarayan Canal turns 727|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref>
*Sunnambu Canal near [[Suriyampalayam]]
*[[Pichaikaranpallam Canal]] near [[BP Agraharam]]
*[[Perumpallam Canal]] near Karaivaikkal<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/Sewage-a-threat-to-Kalingarayan-bridge/article14781121.ece
|title=Sewage, a threat to Kalingarayan Bridge|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
|url=http://kongunanbargalsangam.com/Print-final-Kalingarayan-24,7,2016.pdf|title=Kalingarayan the Great and the Kalingarayan Canal, page-43|publisher=N.Pushparaj-Pavendhan Memorial Trust|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref>

==Environmental Threats==
As the initial portion of the canal runs through the highly industrialized and urbanized areas of [[Erode Municipal Corporation]], the discharge of untreated effluents from the textile dyeing units and leather tanneries introduce major pollutants.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/Pollution-of-Kalingarayan-canal-continues-unabated/article14476715.ece
|title=Pollution of Kalingarayan Canal continues unabated|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref> To prevent mixing of sewage into the canal, the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]] have built concrete walls on the sides and a baby canal of {{convert|15|km}} has been constructed alongside the main canal to carry the sewage. The entire stretch of first {{cvt|30|km}} of the canal running through [[Erode Municipal Corporation]] is proposed to be provided with concrete lining and baby canal in phased manner.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/erode-kalingarayan-canal-to-get-a-facelift-soon/article4568485.ece
|title=Erode Kalingarayan Canal to get a facelift soon|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/more-water-flow-into-kalingarayan-canal-brings-relief-for-tailend-farmers/article6262128.ece|title=More water flow into Kalingarayan Canal brings relief for tail-end farmers|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref> Also, navigable roads were developed along the banks throughout this stretch.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/expedite-third-phase-of-concrete-lining-of-kalingarayan-canal/article7242829.ece
|title=Expedite third phase of Concrete lining of Kalingarayan Canal|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/minister-inspects-kalingarayan-canal-works/article4735171.ece
|title=Minister inspects Kalingarayan Canal works|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=23 December 2016}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[LBP Canal]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Bhavani River}}

{{coord|11|03|N|77|54|E|display=title|region:IN_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}

[[Category:Erode district]]
[[Category:Bhavani River]]
[[Category:Canals in Tamil Nadu]]

{{Erode-geo-stub}}

Kalingarayan Canal - Revision history

->MB at 03:06, 21 April 2021