Kamal Guha at 11:20, 18 December 2023

2023-12-18T11:20:30Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kalyandurgam
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = te
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Town]]
| image_skyline = KalyanadurgHills.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Akkammagari Konda and surrounding Hills.
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|14.5500|N|77.1000|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Anantapur district|Anantapur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| leader_title1 = [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]]
| leader_name1 = [[K._V._Ushashri_Charan | K. V. Ushashri charan]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name=civicbody>{{cite web|title=Municipalities, Municipal Corporations & UDAs|url=http://dtcp.ap.gov.in:9090/webdtcp/Municipalities%20List-110.pdf|website=Directorate of Town and Country Planning|publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh|accessdate=29 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128175528/http://dtcp.ap.gov.in:9090/webdtcp/Municipalities%20List-110.pdf|archive-date=28 January 2016}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 34.92
| elevation_m = 656
| population_total = 32328
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name=population>{{cite web|title=Census 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=633204|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|accessdate=11 September 2014}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 515 xxx
| registration_plate =
| website = {{URL|http://cdma.ap.gov.in/KALYANDURGAM/|Kalyandurg Municipality}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Kalyandurg''' is a town in [[Anantapur district]] of the [[India]]n state of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. It is the headquarters for [[Kalyandurg mandal]] and [[Kalyandurg revenue division]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Anantapur District Mandals|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/maps/atlas/28part32.pdf|publisher=Census of India|accessdate=6 June 2017|pages=386}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url = http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/anantapur-gets-two-more-revenue-divisions/article4855117.ece|title = Anantapur gets two more revenue divisions|date = 27 June 2013|work = The Hindu|access-date = 10 June 2015|location = Anantapur}}</ref> The discovery of diamond-bearing [[Kimberlite]]s in Kalyandurg area, is one of the clusters that has been discovered.<ref>{{cite web|title=Discovery of diamond-bearing kimberlites in Kalyandurg area, Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh|url=http://www.iisc.ernet.in/currsci/apr25/articles13.htm|publisher=Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore|accessdate=11 September 2014}}</ref>

== History ==
Kalyandurgam was under the rule of Sri [[Krishnadevaraya]] and was a part of [[Vijayanagara Empire]].

As per '''The imperial gazetteer of India''', Rayadurg, [[Chitradurga]] and Kalyandurgam are the three important forts which were ruled by [[Boya(caste)|Boya]] [[Palegar]]s. The name Kalyandurg came from Boya Kalyanappa, who was a Palaegar in the 16th century. Kalyandurg was very turbulent during the Vijayanagar rule.

Kalyandurg taluk was formed in December 1893 by the British out of portions of Dharmavaram and of the Rayadurg taluk of Bellary. In March 2012 Kalyandurg became a municipality.

Kalyandurg was a taluk of [[Anantapur district]] in [[Madras province]] which was earlier a part of [[Dharmavaram, Anantapur district|Dharmavaram]] that was separated in 1893.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Prem Loganathan|title=Boyar mudiraja|url=http://www.bedar.nayaka.in/Boyar_Mudiraja.php|website=The Great Boyar Valmiki Nayaka Emperors|publisher=bedar.nayaka.in|accessdate=12 September 2014}}</ref>

Sri Subrahmanyeswara Swamy temple is located at the heart of the town. This temple was built in around 16th century.

[[Anantapur]] district is replete with Megalithic remains.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://asihyd.ap.nic.in/anantapur_gooty.html|title=Archeological Survey of India|website=asihyd.ap.nic.in}}</ref> In the vicinity of Kalyanadurg, several hundred megalithic monuments, such as dolemnoid cists and cairn circles are situated at the foothills and the slopes of the Akkamma Vari hills. Another large group of cairn circles is 2 km north of Akkamma Gari Konda. Similar remains are located at Mudigallu, a village about 5 km easterly to Kalyandurg, and Muthalabanda village, 2 km north east of town, and Gallaplli situated towards Rayadurgam.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yK8D8c5-HXAC&q=Megalithic++kalyandurg&pg=PA123|title=Comprehensive History and Culture of Andhra Pradesh: Pre- and protohistoric Andhra Pradesh up to 500 BC|first=M. L. K.|last=Murty|date=6 June 2017|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=9788125024750|via=Google Books}}</ref>

===District formation===
[[Anantapur district]] was carved out of [[Bellary district]] in 1882.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://ananthapuramu.ap.gov.in/history/| title= Ananthapuramu District| work= About District > History |publisher= | access-date = 18 December 2023}}</ref>

== Geography ==
Kalyandurg is located at {{Coord|14.5500|N|77.1000|E|}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/02/Kalyandrug.html|title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Kalyandrug, India|website=www.fallingrain.com}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 591 metres (1942 ft). The region of Kalyandurg area is an arid zone with poor stony red soils.<ref>{{cite web|title=Region geography|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/15896/5/05_introduction.pdf|publisher=shodhganga|accessdate=12 September 2014|page=48}}</ref>

== Demographics ==
{{As of|2011}} [[Census of India]], Kalyandurg had a population of 32,328. The population constituted 16,036 males and 16,292 females — a sex ratio of 1016 females per 1000 males. 3,404 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 1,760 are boys and 1,644 are girls — a ratio of 979 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 74.14% with 21,443 literates, significantly higher than the state average of 67.41%.<ref name=population /><ref>{{cite web|title=Literacy of AP (Census 2011) |url=http://www.ap.gov.in/AP%20State%20Statistical%20Abstract%20May%202014/2%20AP%20Demography.pdf |publisher=Official Portal of Andhra Pradesh Government |accessdate=11 September 2014 |page=43 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714213923/http://www.ap.gov.in/AP%20State%20Statistical%20Abstract%20May%202014/2%20AP%20Demography.pdf |archive-date=14 July 2014 }}</ref>

== Governance ==
=== Civic administration ===
The municipality is spread over an area of {{convert|15.895|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}. It has an expenditure of {{INRConvert|229.29|c|abbr=on}} and generates an annual income of {{INRConvert|222.87|c|abbr=on}}.<ref name=info>{{cite web|title=Basic Information of Municipality|url=http://cdma.ap.gov.in/KALYANDURGAM/Basic_information_Municipality.html|website=Commissioner & Director of Municipal Administration|publisher=Municipal Administration & Urban Development Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh|accessdate=11 September 2014}}</ref> The municipal body oversees the supply of water with 70 [[litres]] per capita per day, in the form 453 public taps and 66 bore–wells. Its other services include maintenance of community halls, secondary and elementary schools and {{convert|13.45|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} of roads, maternity and child health center such as the Government Hospital, RDT Hospital, and others.<ref>{{cite web|title=Public services/amenities|url=http://cdma.ap.gov.in/KALYANDURGAM/Public%20services_amenities.html|website=Commissioner & Director of Municipal Administration|publisher=Municipal Administration & Urban Development Department, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh|accessdate=11 September 2014}}</ref>

=== Politics ===
[[Kalyandurg (Assembly constituency)]] is one of 14 [[List of constituencies of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|constituencies]] in [[Anantapur district]], representing [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]].[[K. V. Ushashri Charan]]<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly-polls-2019/story/andhra-pradesh-assembly-election-2019-results-winners-list-names-of-winning-candidates-of-bjp-congress-npp-1532110-2019-05-23|title=Andhra Pradesh Assembly Election 2019 Results: Full Winners List|date=May 24, 2019 |magazine=India Today}}</ref> of [[YSR Congress Party]] is the present [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] representing [[Kalyandurg (Assembly constituency)]].<ref name=mla>{{cite web|title=MLA's|url=http://www.ap.gov.in/Pages/MLA.aspx|publisher=Official portal of Andhra Pradesh Government|accessdate=11 September 2014}}</ref>

== Education ==
The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the ''School Education Department'' of the state.<ref>{{cite web|title=School Education Department |url=http://rmsaap.nic.in/Notification_TSG_2015.pdf |publisher=School Education Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh |accessdate=7 November 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227185018/http://rmsaap.nic.in/Notification_TSG_2015.pdf |archive-date=27 December 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Department of School Education – Official AP State Government Portal {{!}} AP State Portal |url=http://www.ap.gov.in/department/organizations/school-education/ |website=www.ap.gov.in |accessdate=7 November 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107155331/http://www.ap.gov.in/department/organizations/school-education/ |archive-date= 7 November 2016 }}</ref> The medium of instruction followed by different schools are English and Telugu.

== Transport ==
The Kalyandurg railway station is under the jurisdiction of [[Bangalore railway division]] of [[South Western Railway Zone]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiarailinfo.com/arrivals/kalyandurga-kynd/11559|title=Trains to KYND/Kalyandurga Station - 2 Arrivals SWR/South Western Zone - Railway Enquiry|last=Jayashree|website=indiarailinfo.com}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Anantapur district#Administrative divisions|Revenue divisions and mandals in Anantapur district]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Kalyandurg}}

{{Municipalities of Andhra Pradesh}}
{{Anantapur district}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Anantapur district]]
[[Category:Mandal headquarters in Anantapur district]]

Kalyandurg - Revision history

Kamal Guha at 11:20, 18 December 2023