https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Kamal_al-Din_GurgKamal al-Din Gurg - Revision history2026-08-01T01:56:23ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Kamal_al-Din_Gurg&diff=507902&oldid=prevKathieMuriel714 at 08:13, 23 December 20252025-12-23T08:13:09Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Afghan General of the Delhi Sultanate}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}<br />
''Malik'' '''Kamāl al-Dīn "Gurg"''' or '''Kamaluddin-e Gurg''' ({{langx|fa|کمال الدین گرگ}}; died late 1315 or early 1316), was a general of the [[Delhi Sultanate]] ruler [[Alauddin Khalji]]. He played an important role in Alauddin's conquest of the [[Siege of Siwana|Siwana]] (1308) and [[Siege of Jalore|Jalore]] (1311) forts. After Alauddin's death, he was sent by [[Malik Kafur]] to suppress a revolt in Gujarat, where he was killed.<br />
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== Early life ==<br />
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Kamal al-Din (also transliterated as Kamaluddin) belonged to a family that originated from Kabul in present-day Afghanistan. He was known as "''Gurg''" ("the wolf").{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|p=177}}<br />
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== Military conquests ==<br />
{{main|Siege of Siwana|Siege of Jalore}}<br />
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After other generals of Alauddin failed to capture the [[Siwana]] fort in the preceding years, in 1308, he personally led an expedition to Siwana. Kamal al-Din accompanied Alauddin in this campaign, and held charge of the [[siege engine]]s (''munjaniqs'').{{sfn|Banarsi Prasad Saksena|1992|p=396}} After the Delhi army captured the fort, it was renamed Khayrabad, and assigned to Kamal al-Din.{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|p=198}}<br />
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In 1311, Alauddin sent an army to capture Siwana's neighbour [[Jalore Fort|Jalore]]. After his other generals failed to capture the fort, he dispatched Kamal al-Din to conquer it.{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=51}} Kamalauddin captured the fort after a siege that resulted in the deaths of the defending ruler [[Kanhadadeva]] and his son [[Viramadeva]].{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=53}} After this victory, Kamal al-Din held the [[iqta']] of Jalor.{{sfn|Iqtidar Alam Khan|2008|p=85}}<br />
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== Last days ==<br />
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During the last days of Alauddin's reign, Kamal al-Din allied with Alauddin's slave-general [[Malik Kafur]], who held the executive power during Alauddin's sickness. The two men were probably part of a group of non-[[Khalaj people|Khalaj]] officers that tried to seize power from the Khalaj establishment of the Sultanate. According to the chronicler [[Yahya bin Ahmad Sirhindi]], in 1315, Kamal al-Din participated in Malik Kafur's murder of [[Alp Khan]], an influential rival nobleman, the governor of [[Gujarat]] and Alauddin's brother in-law. Alp Khan had been accused of conspiring to kill Alauddin, but this might have been Kafur's propaganda.{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|pp=176–177}}<br />
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The news of Alp Khan's murder led to a revolt in Gujarat, and Kafur sent Kamal al-Din to suppress the revolt.{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|p=177}} Kamal al-Din was killed in late 1315 or early 1316 in Gujarat, during a military operation.{{sfn|Iqtidar Alam Khan|2008|p=85}} His son Taj al-Din Hushang (or Hoshang) inherited the 'iqta of Jalor,{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|p=177}} and later served as the ''muqta'' (provincial governor) of [[Hansi]].{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|p=268}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
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=== Bibliography ===<br />
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{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Ashok Kumar Srivastava |title=The Chahamanas of Jalor |publisher=Sahitya Sansar Prakashan |year=1979 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.547206 |oclc=12737199 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Banarsi Prasad Saksena |author-link=Banarsi Prasad Saksena |chapter=The Khaljis: Alauddin Khalji |editor=Mohammad Habib and Khaliq Ahmad Nizami |title=A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526) |volume=5 |edition=Second |year=1992 |orig-year=1970 |publisher=The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_9cmAQAAMAAJ |oclc=31870180 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Iqtidar Alam Khan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iGSKTttoa3IC&pg=PR17 |title=Historical Dictionary of Medieval India |publisher=Scarecrow |year=2008 |isbn=9780810864016 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Peter Jackson |title=The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lt2tqOpVRKgC&pg=PA221 |year=2003 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-54329-3 }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
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{{Alauddin Khalji}}<br />
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[[Category:Alauddin Khalji]]<br />
[[Category:Afghan Muslims]]<br />
[[Category:1310s deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]<br />
[[Category:Year of death uncertain]]<br />
[[Category:People from Kabul]]</div>KathieMuriel714