UpdateBot at 16:52, 30 June 2022

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{{Refimprove|date=June 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kapsi
| other_name = कापसी
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline = Netaji Chowk Kapsi.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Netaji Chowk, Chhote Kapsi
| image_map = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|zoom=14|frame-width=300|frame-height=200|frame-align=center|type=point|title=Kapsi|marker=village}}
| map_caption = Interactive map of Kapsi
| pushpin_map = India Chhattisgarh#India
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Chhattisgarh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|20.0907444|N|80.6770786|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Chhattisgarh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kanker district|Kanker]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 40.4026
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 4,179
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 494 771
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 91 7844
| registration_plate = CG 19
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Kapsi''' is a village in the [[Kanker district]] of the Indian state of [[Chhattisgarh]]. It is situated on [[List of state highways in Chhattisgarh|Chhattisgarh State Highway 25]] roughly {{convert|110|km|mi|abbr=on}} south-west of the district headquarters [[Kanker]] and {{convert|10|km|mi|abbr=on}} north-east of the [[tehsil]] headquarters [[Pakhanjur]]. The village holds significance as a model village under both the [[Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana]] and the National Rurban Mission of the Government of India. Owing to its sizeable tribal population, it is defined as a [[Scheduled Areas|Scheduled Area]] under the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution of India.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Scheduled Areas (States of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh) Order, 2003 |url=http://www.bareactslive.com/ACA/ACT2638.HTM |access-date=2022-04-20 |website=Bareactslive.com}}</ref>

==Geography==
Kapsi is situated in the western part of the [[Kanker district]] bordering the state of [[Maharashtra]]. Geographically, it lies in the northern lowlands of the Bastar plateau and is the gateway to the historic Paralkot region.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://cgclimatechange.com/about-chhattisgar/ | title=About Chhattisgarh |website=Cgclimatechange.com}}</ref><ref name="auto1">[http://14.139.60.153/bitstream/123456789/3847/1/BASTAR%20DEVELOPMENT%20PLAN-SN1027.pdf] {{dead link|date=June 2022}}</ref> The elevation of the village ranges from 310 to 330 m above sea level.

[[File:Location of Kapsi in Kanker.png|thumb|Location of Kapsi in Pakhanjur tehsil of Kanker district]]

A local water body known as the Devda [[ravine]] meanders through the village and bifurcates it into the Bade Kapsi and Chhote Kapsi [[gram panchayat]]s.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.naidunia.com/chhattisgarh/kanker-water-hyacinth-spread-in-devda-river-near-chhotekapasi-bridge-water-getting-contaminated-7591717 | title=छोटेकापसी पुल के पास देवदा नदी में फैली जलकुंभी पानी हो रहा दूषित |website=Naidunia.com| date=13 June 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://tcp.cg.gov.in/vikasyojna/KANKER/Structure_Plan/BADE-KAPSI%20SP%20MAP%20for%20WEB%20UPLOADING/6%20Structure%20Plan_A2.pdf|format=PDF|title=Map of Bade Kapsi : 6 Structure Plan|website=Tcp.cg.gov.in|access-date=30 June 2022}}</ref> The region primarily features lateritic soil, which is especially fertile with fine texture and darker hues, and is well-suited to agriculture.<ref name="auto1"/>

[[File: Devda Ravine Kapsi.jpg|thumb|Devda ravine flowing through Kapsi]]

With its dense green cover, undulating terrain, hillocks, and stream courses, the region harbours habitats for diverse flora and fauna. The Kapsi Forest Range headquarters under the West Bhanupratappur Division is responsible for the safeguard of forests and conservation of biodiversity in the area.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.naidunia.com/chhattisgarh/kanker-information-given-about-protection-from-forest-fires-7423761 | title=वनों में लगी आग से बचाव की दी जानकारी | newspaper=Nai Dunia }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.editorjee.com/people-learned-in-pakhanjur/ | title=पखांजुर में लोगों ने सीखे औषधीय पौधों के संर्वधन संरक्षण के गुर | newspaper=Editorjee | date=19 March 2020 }}</ref>

[[File:Kapsi Forest Range Signboard.jpg|thumb|Signboard on Chhattisgarh State Highway 25 indicating the eastern threshold of Kapsi Forest Range]]

==Civic administration==
For planning and development under the [[Panchayati Raj]] system of local self-governance, Kapsi comprises two distinct [[gram panchayat]]s (village councils) namely, Chhote Kapsi ([[Devanagari]]: {{lang|hi|छोटे कापसी}}) and Bade Kapsi ([[Devanagari]]: {{lang|hi|बड़े कापसी}}). At the [[Block (district subdivision)|block]] level, it is placed under the administrative jurisdiction of the Koyalibeda [[Panchayat Samiti|Janapad Panchayat]].

[[File: Bade Kapsi SH 25.jpg|thumb|Tree-lined avenue in front of Forest Colony, Bade Kapsi]]

===Rurban Cluster===
The two constituent gram panchayats of Kapsi i.e., Chhote Kapsi and Bade Kapsi, along with the neighbouring smaller gram panchayats of Aalor, Bapu Nagar and Harangarh form the Bade Kapsi Rurban Cluster. The aim of the project is to enhance the standard of living of the residents by providing better basic and social amenities.<ref name="auto">[http://bihan.gov.in/ppt/PAKHANJUR_Badekapsi.pptx] {{dead link|date=June 2022}}</ref> The integrated cluster action plan (ICAP) was approved in 2018 under the phase II of Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rurban Mission by the Govt. of India.<ref>[https://rurban.gov.in/index.php/Public_reports/view_cluster/391459586873407622011640638419527#gsc.tab=0] {{dead link|date=June 2022}}</ref> The vision of the cluster is to retain the dominant agrarian culture besides borrowing urban features such as developing skilled labour force and specializing into value addition based livelihood intensive activities such as maize processing.<ref>[https://rurban.gov.in/index.php/new_mis/icap_report] {{dead link|date=June 2022}}</ref>

===Sansad Adarsh Gram===
Chhote Kapsi is the first village in the Kanker parliamentary constituency to be identified for development under the ambitious [[Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana]] of the Government of India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/government-of-india/saansad-adarsh-gram-yojana.html|title=Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana, Villages adopted by MP under SAGY|website=Mapsofindia.com|access-date=30 June 2022}}</ref> The inaugural ceremony was flagged off at a public event on 27 March 2015, by then [[Lok Sabha]] [[Member of Parliament]] (MP) Shri [[Vikram Usendi]], in presence of government officials and public representatives from the district.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://epaper.patrika.com/467302/Patrika-Kanker/28-03-2015#page/4/2|title = Hindi ePaper, EPaper Download, Online Epaper, Newspaper in Hindi, Today Newspaper |website=Epaper.patrika.com}}</ref> The primary objective of Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana among other things, is to develop model villages to provide better standards of living and quality of life for inclusive growth of the rural population through:
* Improved basic amenities
* Higher productivity
* Enhanced human development
* Better livelihood opportunities
* Reduced disparities
* Access to rights and entitlements
* Wider social mobilization
* Enriched social capital.<ref>[http://pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2014/oct/d2014101101.pdf] {{dead link|date=June 2022}}</ref>

==Demography==
According to [[2011 Census of India]], the Kapsi rural agglomeration had a population of 4,179.

* Chhote Kapsi had a [[population]] of 3050. The village had a sex ratio of 992 females per 1,000 males and 11.54% of the population were under six years of age. Effective literacy rate was 83.91% i.e., higher than Chhattisgarh state average of 70.28%. Male literacy was 88.54% and female [[literacy]] was 79.27%.
* Bade Kapsi had a population of 1129. The village had a [[sex ratio]] of 1034 females per 1,000 males and 14.70% of the population were under six years of age. Effective literacy rate was 58.05% i.e., lower than Chhattisgarh state average of 70.28%. Male literacy was 64.63% and female literacy was 51.64%.

==Economy==
The economy of Kapsi is chiefly agrarian. Large scale cultivation of paddy and maize are undertaken throughout Rabi and Kharif crop seasons. [[Fish farming]] and [[dairy farming]] are other major [[Primary sector of the economy|primary sector activities]] practised by the populace. Under the aegis of Department of Fisheries, Govt. Of Chhattisgarh, the Bade Kapsi Rurban Cluster has become an important centre for [[pisciculture]] in the state, even exporting to the neighbouring states of [[Maharashtra]] and [[Odisha]].<ref name="auto"/> [[Sericulture]] and [[horticulture]] are also gradually gaining ground, albeit practised by a few.

Other forms of livelihood include peasantry, trade, small scale businesses, and local government jobs. The Netaji Market along with the adjacent smaller Atal Market in Chhote Kapsi is the center of all commercial activities for the village. A new market in Bade Kapsi, also known as the Gandhi Market, is quickly taking shape to cater to the growing demand of commercial spaces.

Banking services are provided by the following public-sector banks:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Bank !! Branch
|-
| Chhattisgarh State Rural Bank (छत्तीसगढ़ राज्य ग्रामीण बैंक) || Kapsi
|-
| District Central Co-operative Bank Ltd. (जिला सहकारी केन्द्रीय बैंक मर्यादित) || Bade Kapsi
|-
| State Bank of India (भारतीय स्टेट बैंक) || Kapsi
|}

==Education==
For primary and secondary education, Kapsi has a number of Hindi as well as English medium schools, run by the government and private institutions. The quality of education in these schools is generally good with a fair emphasis on extracurricular activities, though the infrastructure is just about satisfactory given the rural setting. The colleges in the district impart basic post-secondary higher education. For good quality and specialized higher education, people are entirely dependent on larger cities such as [[Bhilai]], [[Durg]] and [[Raipur]].

==Healthcare==
Healthcare facilities are minimal and a significant portion of the population still rely on home-made remedies and [[quackery]] as the first response to medical needs. A government run [[Primary Health Centre (India)|Primary Health Centre]] (PHC) and a handful of privately run [[health facilities]] provide [[Primary care|primary healthcare]]. Higher [[Health care|healthcare]] needs are referred to cities such as [[Dhamtari]], [[Bhilai]] and [[Raipur]].

==Utilities==
===Electricity===
The electricity distribution and bill collection in Kapsi is the responsibility of Chhattisgarh State Power Distribution Company Limited (CSPDCL). The company operates a feeder substation and distribution center at Bade Kapsi.

===Telephone and internet===
State owned [[Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited]] (BSNL) provides wired landline, [[2G]]/[[3G]] cellular telephony and fibre broadband internet services in Kapsi. [[Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited]] (Jio) has started providing [[4G]] [[LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]] cellular services from November 2021. A non-functional cellular tower erected by the now defunct [[Reliance Communications]] Limited (RCOM) of the Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group also exists.

Both the BSNL and RCOM facilities were vandalized and set on fire by Maoist rebels in an attack in December 2008. The BSNL services were reinstated within a few weeks after the incident whereas the RCOM service remained suspended and was subsequently withdrawn.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103042111/http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/Print/358190.aspx?s=p|title=Maoists attack BSNL, R-Com facilities - Hindustan Times|date=3 January 2014|website=Web.archive.org|access-date=30 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-12-15/india/27912279_1_maoist-bandh-chhattisgarh-s-bastar-police-encounter |title=Archived copy |website=Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227041306/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-12-15/india/27912279_1_maoist-bandh-chhattisgarh-s-bastar-police-encounter |archive-date=27 December 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Transport==
=== Road ===
Kapsi is situated on [[List of state highways in Chhattisgarh|Chhattisgarh State Highway 25]] and is served only by road transport. It is well connected to all nearby major towns and cities by buses operated at regular intervals. In addition, inexpensive shared transportation ([[Mahindra Bolero]], [[Force Trax|Force Cruiser]], [[Tata Ace]], etc.) are available throughout the day for local commute.

[[File: Chhattisgarh SH 25 Near Kapsi.jpg|thumb|Badgaon-Kapsi section on Chhattisgarh State Highway 25]]

The approximate distance of Kapsi from the regional major towns and cities by road is as follows:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Town !! Description !! Distance
|-
| [[Pakhanjore]] || Tehsil headquarters, police station || {{convert|10|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|-
| [[Bhanupratappur]] || Forest division headquarters || {{convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|-
| [[Antagarh]] || Assembly constituency || {{convert|90|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|-
| [[Kanker, Chhattisgarh|Kanker]] || District headquarters, parliamentary constituency || {{convert|110|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|-
| [[Durg]]-[[Bhilai]]|| Commercial/Educational centre || {{convert|180|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|-
| [[Raipur]] || State capital || {{convert|250|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|-
| [[Jagdalpur]] || Revenue division headquarters || {{convert|270|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|}

=== Rail ===
Kapsi is not connected directly to the network of [[Indian Railways]]. The nearest [[Regional rail|local railway]] station is Keoti (KETI), at a distance of {{convert|50|km|abbr=on}} from Kapsi, on the [[Dalli Rajhara–Jagdalpur line]]. Daily [[Diesel multiple unit#Diesel–electric|DEMU]] services connect this station to Raipur via Durg. The nearest [[Inter-city rail|long-haul railway]] station is [[Durg railway station|Durg Jn.]] (DURG), {{convert|180|km|abbr=on}} away on the [[Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line]].

=== Air ===
The nearest domestic airport from Kapsi is [[Swami Vivekananda Airport]] in [[Naya Raipur]], approximately {{convert|240|km|abbr=on}} away.

==Tourism==
[[Kherkatta Reservoir|Kherkatta Dam]], officially known as Paralkot Reservoir ([[Devanagari]]: {{lang|hi|परलकोट जलाशय}}) is a popular local tourist spot near Kapsi.

[[File:Paralkot Reservoir Impoundment.jpg|thumb|left|Impoundment of Kherkatta Dam during dry spell]]

[[File:Paralkot Reservoir Spillway.jpg|thumb|left|Spillway of Kherkatta Dam during dry spell (view from the eastern bank)]]

[[File:Kherkatta dam.jpg|thumb|left|Spillway of Kherkatta Dam during monsoon (view from the western bank)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Kanker district]]

Kapsi - Revision history

UpdateBot at 16:52, 30 June 2022