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{{Jainism}}
'''Kashtha Sangha''' (काष्ठा संघ) was a [[Digambar]] [[Jain]] [[monastic order]] once dominant in several regions of North and Western [[India]]. It is considered to be a branch of [[Mula Sangh]] itself. It is said to have originated from a town named Kashtha.
{{quote box|width=200px|style=clear:none
| quote = सं १५१० वर्षे माघ सुदी ८ सोमे गोपाचल दुर्गे तोमर वंशान्वये राजा श्री डूंगरेन्द्र देव राज्य पवित्रमाने श्री काष्ठासंघ माथुरान्वये भट्टारक श्री गुणकीर्ति देवास्तत्पट्टे श्री मलयकीर्ति देवास्ततो भट्टारक गुणभद्रदेव पंडितवर्य रइघू तदाम्नाये [[Agrawal|अग्रोतवंशे]] वासिलगोत्रे सकेलहा भार्या निवारी तयोः पुत्र विजयष्ट शाह ... साधु श्री माल्हा पुत्र संघातिपति देउताय पुत्र संघातिपति करमसीह श्री चन्द्रप्रभु जिनबिंब महाकाय प्रतिष्ठापित प्रणमति ..शुभम् भवतु ..
| source = A [[Gwalior Fort]] [[Inscription]] 1453 CE<ref>[http://hindi.webdunia.com/religion/religion/jainism/0708/11/1070811047_1.htm Gopachal ke Jinamandir]</ref>
}}
==Origin==
The origin of Kashtha Sangha is often attributed to [[Lohacharya]] in several texts and inscriptions from Delhi region.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.idjo.org/PDFBooks/Muni%20Sabhachandra%20Avam%20Unka%20Padmapuran.pdf |title=Muni Sabhachandra Avam Unka Padmapuran |format=PDF |access-date=2012-04-21}}</ref> The Kashtasangh Gurvavali identifies Lohacharya as the last person who knew [[Acharanga]] in the Digambara tradition, who lived until the 683rd year of the nirvana of Lord [[Mahavira]]. the [[Darshanasara]] of Devasena (VS 990) attributes the origin to Kumarasena in Vikram Samvat 753.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.idjo.org/Manuscript.asp?id=11&i=182 |title=(International Digamber Jain Organization) |publisher=IDJO.org |access-date=2012-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726170909/http://www.idjo.org/Manuscript.asp?id=11&i=182 |archive-date=26 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>Heleen De Jonckheere, The Darśanasāra by Devasena, On the Perception of the Other, Universiteit Gent, Academiejaar 2014-2015</ref>

Acharya Chandrasena initiated Aryanandi.{{sfn|Pannalal Jain|1951|pp=30-31}} Aryanandi initiated [[Virasena]] and Jayasena.{{sfn|Pannalal Jain|1951|pp=30-31}} Virasena initiated six disciples who were Dasharayguru, [[Jinasena]], Vinayasena, Shripal, Padmasena and Devasena.{{sfn|Pannalal Jain|1951|pp=30-31}} Dasharayguru and Jinasena initiated [[Gunabhadra (Jain monk)|Gunabhadra]] who later initiated Lokasena.{{sfn|Pannalal Jain|1951|pp=30-31}} Vinayasena initated Kumarasena who started the Kashtha Sangha.{{sfn|Pannalal Jain|1951|pp=30-31}}

==Communities==
Several of the Jain communities were affiliated with the Kashtha Sangha. The [[Agrawal Jain]]s were the major supporters of Kashtha Sangha. They are said to have been initiated by Lohacharya in antiquity. Muni Sabha Singh writes in his Padma Purana (VS 1711)<ref>Muni Sabhachandra Avam Unka Padmapuran, Kasturchanda Kasliwal, 1984</ref>

काष्ठा संघी माथुर गच्छ, पहुकर गण में निरमल पछ|| <br>
महा निर्ग्रन्थ आचारज लोह, छांड्या सकल जाति का मोह||<br>
अग्रोहे निकट प्रभु ठाढे जोग, करैं वन्दना सब ही लोग||<br>
अग्रवाल श्रावक प्रतिबोध, त्रेपन क्रिया बताई सोध||

[[Image:Gwalior jain.jpg|thumb|238px|right| Rock-carved colossal Jain images in [[Gwalior]] consecrated by [[Bhattaraka]]s of Kashtha Sangh]]
Kashta Sangha included several orders:<ref>काष्ठासंघ तथा इससे संबद्ध संघ एवं गण-गच्छ, शांतिलाल जैन जांगड़ा, अर्हत वचन जुलाई सितम्बर २००६, पृ १७-२२</ref>

* '''Nanditat gachchha''': associated with [[Nanded]]. It is also called Ramasenanvaya, after Acharya Ramasena, the founder of the [[Narsingpura]] community.<ref>http://ndjains.org Narsingpura Digambar Jain Samaj</ref>
* '''Mathura Sangha''': The [[Agrawal]]s were associated with this order. It was founded by Ramasena according to Darshanasar. The oldest known inscription is of 1170 AD.
* '''Bagada gachha''': associated with [[Vagad]] region of [[Rajasthan]]
* '''Lata-bagada gachha''': associated with [[Vagad]] and [[Lata (region)|Lata]] region of [[Gujarat]]. The 1145 AD inscription of Dubkunda mentions this order. The acharyas of this order formerly used to reside in the [[Punnata]] region of Karnataka. [[Jinasena]], the author [[Harivansh Purana]] in shaka 705 belonged to this order.

Kashta Sangha eventually merged into [[Mula Sangh]]. The celebrated poet and pratishthacharya [[Raighu]] was a disciple of the Kashtha Sangh [[Bhattaraka]]s of [[Gwalior]].

The rock carved Jain statues in the [[Gwalior Fort]] were mostly consecrated by the Kashtha Sangh [[Bhattaraka]]s, as stated in the inscriptions dated between 1441 and 1474.<ref>गोपचल के जिन मंदिर एवं प्रतिमायें http://hindi.webdunia.com/religion/religion/jainism/0708/11/1070811047_1.htm</ref><ref> “E De Clercq, Bhattarakas and Digambara monastic lineages of fifteenth century Gwalior : glimpses of Raïdhu's writings”, Journal of Asian History 45 (1-2), 2011, pp. 63-83</ref>

==References==
===Citations===
{{reflist}}

===Sources===
* {{citation |editor-last=Jain |editor-first=Pannalal |editor-link=Pannalal Jain |title=Mahapurana Adipurana of Bhagavata Jinasenacharya |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.327048 |year=1951 |publisher=[[Bharatiya Jnanapitha]] |ref={{sfnref|Pannalal Jain|1951}} }}
* Jain Dharma, Kailash Chandra Siddhanta Shastri, 1985.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120205130128/http://www.jainworld.org/general/prem/Chapter%20XII%20fe.htm Bhattarak Sampradaya, Introduction to Jain History], by Dr. K. C. Jain

{{Jain Gurus}}
{{Jainism topics}}

[[Category:Digambara sects]]

Kashtha Sangha - Revision history

imported>Marcocapelle at 16:36, 25 July 2021