CleanupBot II at 08:33, 14 August 2023

2023-08-14T08:33:35Z

New page

{{Use Indian English|date=March 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kaushambi district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Uttar Pradesh|District of Uttar Pradesh]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_map = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Kaushambi.svg
| map_caption = Location of Kaushambi district in Uttar Pradesh
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Manjhanpur
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Prayagraj division]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Manjhanpur]]
| parts_type = [[List of tehsils in India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = 3
| area_total_km2 = 1903.17
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_total = 1,804,842
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 63.69 %
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Kaushambi (Lok Sabha constituency)]]
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = 1. [[Chail (Assembly constituency)|Chail]] 2. [[Manjhanpur (Assembly constituency)|Manjhanpur]] 3. [[Sirathu (Assembly constituency)|Sirathu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = http://kaushambi.nic.in/
| official_name =
}}
'''Kaushambi district''' is a [[List of districts of Uttar Pradesh|district]] in the [[States and union territories of India|state]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]] in [[India]]. [[Manjhanpur]] is the district headquarters. The district was carved from [[Allahabad district|Prayagraj district]] on 4 April 1997. [[Manauri bajar]] connects Prayagraj and Kaushambi districts by railway over a bridge on SH-95. Manjhanpur is south-west of [[Allahabad|Prayagraj]] on the north bank of the [[Yamuna]] river, about {{convert|55|km}} from the city. It is surrounded by [[Chitrakoot district]] on the south, [[Pratapgarh district, Uttar Pradesh|Pratapgarh district]] on the north, Allahabad district on the east and [[Fatehpur district]] on the west. Kaushambi is part of [[Allahabad division|Prayagraj division]]. The nearest railway station, in Bharwari, connects with [[Delhi]], Allahabad, [[Kolkata]], [[Gaya, India|Gaya]] and [[Kanpur]].

==History==

Kaushambi was the capital of the ancient Indian [[Vatsa]] [[mahajanapadas|Mahajanapada]],<ref Name="Geographical">{{cite book | title = Geographical Review of India | publisher = Geographical Society of India | year = 1951 | location = Original from the University of Michigan | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=O0YMAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Vatsa%22+-wikipedia+Mahajanapada | page = 27 }}</ref><ref Name="Kulke">{{cite book | last = Hermann Kulke, Dietmar Rothermund | title = A History of India | publisher = Routledge | year = 2004 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=V73N8js5ZgAC&q=%22Vatsa%22+-wikipedia+Mahajanapada&pg=PA52 | isbn = 0-415-32920-5| page = 52 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VnwXuJaeDvgC|title=Civil Services Pre.Exam.Indian History ( From Earliest Times To 1964 A.D.)|last=Dr.K.K.Sharma|date=2009-01-01|publisher=Upkar Prakashan|isbn=9788174828880|language=en}}</ref> one of 16 such kingdoms. According to the [[Puranas]], Vatsa was named after a Kāśī king.<ref>Pargiter, F.E. (1972) ''Ancient Indian Historical Tradition'', Motilal Banarasidass, Delhi, pp.269-70</ref> The ''[[Ramayana]]'' and the ''[[Mahabharata]]'' attribute the founding of its capital' Kauśāmbī, to a [[Chedi Kingdom|Chedi]] prince (Kuśa or Kuśāmba). The Puranas state that after [[Hastinapur]] was washed away by the [[Ganges]], the [[Bharatas (tribe)|Bharata]] king Nicakṣu (great-great grandson of [[Janamejaya II|Janamejaya]]), abandoned the city and settled in Kauśāmbī. This is supported by the {{IAST|Svapnavāsavadattā}} and the {{IAST|Pratijñā-Yaugandharāyaṇa}}, attributed to Bhāsa. Both described the king, [[Udayana]], as a [[kinship|scion]] of the Bhārata family ({{IAST|Bhārata-kula}}). The Puranas contain a list of Nicakṣu’s successors which ends with the king Kṣemaka.<ref>Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972) ''Political History of Ancient India'', University of Calcutta, Calcutta, p.117-8</ref> [[Gautama Buddha]] visited Kaushambi several times during the reign of Udayana in his effort to spread the [[dharma]], the [[Noble Eightfold Path]] and the [[Four Noble Truths]], and Udayana was a [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] [[Upāsaka and Upāsikā|''upāsaka'']]. According to the Chinese translation of the Buddhist canonical text {{IAST|[[Ekottara Agama|Ekottara Āgama]]}}, the first image of the Buddha (carved from [[sandalwood]]) was made at Udayana's request. The Puranas state that his four successors were Vahināra, DanḍapāṇI, Niramitra and Kṣemaka. Vatsa was later annexed by [[Avanti (India)|Avanti]], and Maniprabha (Pradyota's great-grandson) ruled at Kauśāmbī as a prince of Avanti. [[Ashoka]] considered Kaushambi important, and placed a [[Pillars of Ashoka|pillar]] there with inscriptions in [[Pali]]; a [[Jain temple]] was also constructed. The pillar and temple still stand, and Vatsa is being excavated by archaeologists.

Kaushambi district was carved from Allahabad district on 4 April 1997. In 2006, the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Kaushambi one of India's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[List of districts in India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh receiving funds from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund]] (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date= 5 April 2012 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=3,46,185|13=1911|14=3,40,788|15=1921|16=3,26,230|17=1931|18=3,46,458|19=1941|20=4,20,798|21=1951|22=4,75,525|23=1961|24=5,55,870|25=1971|26=6,44,994|27=1981|28=8,13,788|29=1991|30=10,21,653|31=2001|32=12,91,993|33=2011|34=15,99,596|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:Government of India<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html|title=Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901|website=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner|access-date=15 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808131957/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html|archive-date=8 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>|style="text-align:right;"}}

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Kaushambi District
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|85.80}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|13.78}}
}}
According to the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]], Kaushambi district had a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,599,596<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/545-kaushambi.html | title = Kaushambi District Population Census 2011, Uttar Pradesh literacy sex ratio and density | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130103062919/http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/545-kaushambi.html | archive-date = 3 January 2013 | url-status = dead | year = 2012 | publisher = Census Organization of India | access-date = 3 January 2013 }}</ref> (comparable to the population of [[Guinea-Bissau]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Guinea-Bissau 1,596,677 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> and the US state of [[Idaho]]);<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=2011-09-30
|quote=Idaho 1,567,582
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101090833/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date= 1 January 2011
}}</ref> this ranks it 313th of India's 640 districts.<ref name=districtcensus/>
The district has a population density of {{convert| 897 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] from 2001 to 2011 was 23.49 percent.<ref name=districtcensus/> Kaushambi has a [[sex ratio]] of 905 [[Women in India|females]] to 1,000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 63.69 percent.<ref name=districtcensus/>

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 98.57% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]] and 1.10% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="census2011-C16"/>

{|class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible "
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! colspan=4| Kaushambi district: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C16">{{cite report |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Uttar Pradesh |url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=15 July 2020}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! Mother tongue code
! Mother tongue
! People
! Percentage
|- valign-top
|| 006030 || [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 1,199
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.07%
|- valign-top
|| 006102 || [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 2,645
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.17%
|- valign-top
|| 006240 || [[Hindi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 1,576,776
| style="text-align:right;" | 98.57%
|- valign-top
|| 015043 || [[Odia language|Odia]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 328
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.02%
|- valign-top
|| 022015 || [[Urdu language|Urdu]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 217,670
| style="text-align:right;" | 1.10%
|- valign-top
|| 022016 || Bhansari
| style="text-align:right;" | 440
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.03%
|- valign-top
|| N.A. || [[Languages of India|Others]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 538
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.03%
|-valign=top class="sortbottom"
| colspan=2 | Total
| style="text-align:right;" | 1,599,596
| style="text-align:right;" | 100.00%
|-
|}

==Transportation==

Closest Airport to Kaushambi is in [[Allahabad]] which is 56 kilometers (34.7 miles) away from district headquarters and has flights to major destinations such as Delhi, Bangaluru, Mumbai, Kolkata etc.

Major railway station is in neighboring [[Allahabad]] (56 km). Kaushambi district also has several railway stations:
* [[Sirathu railway station]], [[Sirathu]]
* [[Bharwari railway station]], [[Bharwari]]
* [[Manauri railway station]], [[Manauri bajar]]

==Sports==
Mohamed Aslam was a heavyweight boxer from [[Bharwari]] who was a silver medalist at the 1973 and 1975 [[Asian Amateur Boxing Championships]] in [[Bangkok]] and [[Yokohama]], respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://amateur-boxing.strefa.pl/Championships/AsianChampionships1973.html|title=Asian Championships - Bangkok, Thailand - May 3-9 1973|access-date=16 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181228130052/http://amateur-boxing.strefa.pl/Championships/AsianChampionships1973.html|archive-date=28 December 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://amateur-boxing.strefa.pl/Championships/AsianChampionships1975.html|title=Asian Championships - Yokohama, Japan - September 23-28 1975|access-date=16 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522062656/http://amateur-boxing.strefa.pl/Championships/AsianChampionships1975.html|archive-date=22 May 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Aslam won the Indian national championship in the heavyweight category for five consecutive years (1973–1978).

==References==

{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://kaushambi.nic.in/ Official website]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Kaushambi district
|North = [[Rae Bareli district]]
|Northeast = [[Pratapgarh district, Uttar Pradesh|Pratapgarh district]]
|East = [[Allahabad district]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Chitrakoot district]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Fatehpur district]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Allahabad division topics}}
{{Districts of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Kaushambi district}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|25.530744|N|81.377292|E|type:adm3rd_source:itwiki|display=title}}

{{Uttar Pradesh}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kaushambi District}}
[[Category:Kaushambi district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]

Kaushambi district - Revision history

CleanupBot II at 08:33, 14 August 2023