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{{Short description|Perumal temple in Mayiladuthurai district, Tamil Nadu, India}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Kazheesirama Vinnagaram
| image = Thadalankoil (10).jpg
| alt =
| image_upright =
| caption =
| map_type = India Tamil Nadu
| map_caption = Location in [[Tamil Nadu]]
| coordinates = {{coord|11|14|26|N|79|43|53|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| native_name = Thadalan Kovil
| country = India
| state = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| district = [[Mayiladuthurai district|Mayiladuthurai]]
| location = [[Sirkazhi]]
| elevation_m =
| deity = {{Plainlist|
* Tiruvikrama Narayana Perumal ([[Vishnu]])
* Loga Nayagi Thayar ([[Lakshmi]])
}}
| facade_direction =
| temple_tank = Sanga Pushkarani - Sakkara Theertham
| tower = Pushkala Vartha
| festivals=
| architecture = [[Dravidian architecture]]
| temple_quantity =
| monument_quantity=
| inscriptions =
| year_completed =
| creator =
| website =
}}
'''Kazheesirama Vinnagaram''' or '''Tadalan Kovil''' or '''Tiruvikrama (trivikara) Perumal Temple''' is a [[Hindu temple]] dedicated to [[Vishnu]] located in [[Sirkazhi]], of [[Mayiladuthurai district]], Tamil Nadu, India. Constructed in the [[Dravidian architecture|Dravidian style of architecture]], the temple is glorified in the ''[[Divya Prabandha|Nalayira Divya Prabandham]]'', the early medieval [[Tamil literature|Tamil]] canon of the [[Alvars|Alvar]] saints from the 6th–9th centuries CE. It is one of the 108 ''[[Divyadesam|Divya Desam]]'' dedicated to [[Vishnu]], who is worshipped as Trivikrama and his consort [[Lakshmi]] as Loganayagi. The temple is believed to have been built by [[Cholas]], with later contributions from [[Medieval Cholas]], [[Vijayanagar Empire|Vijayanagara kings]], and [[Madurai Nayaks]].

The temple is found in [[Sirkazhi]], and situated in a location called Thdalan Koil. The temple complex actually houses all the shrines within a large concentric walls pierced by a three-tiered Rajagopuram. There are three major shrines in the temple with the ones of Trivikrama in the sanctum and two other shrines of Loganyagi and Andal being the most prominent. The temple tank, Chakra Tirtham, is located behind the temple premises.

The Brahmotsavam festival is celebrated during the [[Tamil calendar|Tamil]] month of ''Vaikasi'' (May–June). The temple is maintained and administered by the Hindu Religious and Endowment Board of the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]].<ref>''108 Vaishnavite Divya Desams: Divya desams in Pandya Nadu''. M. S. Ramesh, Tirumalai-Tirupati Devasthanam.</ref> The temple follows [[thenkalai|Tenkalai]] mode of worship.

==Legend==
{{Multiple image|caption_align=center|header_align=center
|align=left
| total_width = 400
| width1 = 3264 | height1 = 2448
| width2 = 3264 | height2 = 2448
|direction=horizontal
|image1=Thadalankoil (8).jpg
|image2=Thadalankoil (7).jpg
|footer=The shrines of the Andal and Loganayagi in the temple
}}
The temple finds mention in ''[[Brahmanda Purana]]'' as Patalika Vanam and Uttama Kshetram. As per Hindu legend, [[Brahma]] boasted about his long life. A sage called Romas wanted to suppress Brahma's thought and he did severe penance at this place. Vishnu was pleased by his devotion, and Vishnu appeared before him. On further request from the sage, Vishnu appeared again as Trivikrama. He gave a boon to the sage that he would get a life longer than that of Brahma and blessed that with each falling hair of the sage, Brahma would lose one year.<ref name=R>{{cite book|title=An introduction to religion and Philosophy - Tévarám and Tivviyappirapantam|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZY2lZpy.TVA_BOK_0006115|last=R.|first=Dr. Vijayalakshmy|publisher=International Institute of Tamil Studies| location=Chennai|year=2001|edition=1st|ref=R.|pages=471–2}}</ref>

The ''[[Bhagavata Purana]]'' describes that Vishnu descended as the [[Vamana]] avatar to restore the authority of [[Indra]] over the heavens, as it had been taken by [[Mahabali]], a benevolent [[asura]] King. [[Mahabali|Bali]] was the grandson of [[Prahlada]]. King Mahabali was generous, and engaged in severe austerities and penance and won the praise of the world. With the praise from his courtiers and others, he regarded himself as the all powerful in the world. Vamana, in the guise of a short [[Brahmin]] carrying a wooden [[umbrella]], went to the king to request three paces of land. [[Mahabali]] consented, against the warning of his guru, [[Sukracharya]]. Vamana then revealed his identity and enlarged to gigantic proportions to stride over the three worlds. He stepped from heaven to earth with the first step, from earth to the netherworld with the second. King [[Mahabali]], unable to fulfill his promise, offered his head for the third. Vamana then placed His Foot and gave the king immortality for his humility. In worshiping Mahabali and his ancestor Prahláda, he conceded sovereignty of [[Patala|Pátála]], the netherworld. Some texts also report that Vamana did not step into the netherworld, and instead gave its rule to Bali. In giant form, Vamana is known as Trivikrama. The legend is associated with [[Thrikkakara Temple]] in [[Kerala]], but also with this temple, [[Ulagalantha Perumal Temple, Tirukoyilur]] and [[Ulagalantha Perumal Temple, Kanchipuram]].<ref>[[#Parmeshwaranand|Parmeshwaranand]], p. 1337</ref><ref>[[#Hoiberg|Hoiberg 2001]], p. 217</ref><ref name=dinamalar/>

==Architecture==
[[File:Thadalankoil (3).jpg|200px|thumb|View of the vimana]]
The temple is located in the town of [[Sirkazhi]] in Mayiladuthurai district. [[Tirumangai Alvar|Thirumangai Alvar]] won a challenge against Saiva Kuravar [[Sambandar]] by composing Pasurams in praise of the god worshipped in this temple, who is praised as ''Mann alantha Tadalan'' meaning the one who measured the land.<ref>''Journal of Indian history, Volumes 22-24''.Dept. of Modern Indian History, 1943.</ref> The name Tadalan is in honour of Tiruvikrama ([[Vamana]]) form and the ''[[moolavar|mulavar]]'' (prime deity) fixed in the central shrine is in this form. The presiding deity, Tiruvikrama, appeared for sage Ashtakoma.<ref>{{cite book|title=South Indian Shrines: Illustrated|publisher=Asian Educational Services|page=534|last=Ayyar|first=P. V. Jagadisa|isbn=9788120601512|location=New Delhi|year=1982|ref=Ayyar}}</ref><ref name="epic">{{cite book |title= Indian Epic Values: Rāmāyaṇa and Its Impact : Proceedings of the 8th International Rāmāyaạ Conference, Leuven, 6–8 July 1991 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=EVnK3q48dL0C&q=veeraraghava+perumal+temple&pg=PA86|publisher=Peeters Publishers |last1=K.V. |first1=Raman |last2=T. |first2=Padmaja |isbn= 9789068317015 |date=1995 |ref=K.V. |pages= 85–86}}</ref>

The temple has a rectangular plan with the sides of the temple covered by tall brick walls. The temple tower, the ''raja[[gopuram]]'' has a three-tiered structure. The sanctum is approached from the gateway tower through a flagpost, altar, an elevated hall and two other halls namely the Mahamandpa and the Ardhamandapa. The sanctum houses the stone image of Trivikrama in standing posture and also has various other metal images. The shrines of Lokanayagi is located in a shrine around the first sanctum in the north western corner beyond the sanctum and the shrine of [[Andal]] is located on the other corner. The temple tank, Chakra Tirtham, is located behind the temple.<ref name=dinamalar/>

==Religious importance==
This place is believed to be where sage [[Vishvamitra]] conducted his [[Yagna]] and came to be known as Sidhasrama. The place was in ruins during a time and an old lady is believed to have placed the idol in a pot of rice. When [[Thirumangai Alvar]] came to the place, the lady handed over the idol to him and Thirumangai is believed to have constructed the temple. [[V. V. S. Aiyar]] quotes that the 610th ''[[Tirukkural]]'' mentions about the temple. It is also the place where Thirumangai Alvar after coming back from North India defeated [[Thirugnana Sambandar]] in debate.<ref name=R/> The temple is revered in ''[[Nalayira Divya Prabandham]]'', the 7th–9th century Vaishnava canon, by Thirumangai Alvar in one hymn of Thirunedunthandagam. The temple is classified as a ''[[Divyadesam|Divya Desam]]'', one of the 108 Vishnu temples that are mentioned in the book.<ref name=dinamalar/>

==Worship and festivals==
[[File:Thadalankoil (6).jpg|200px|thumb|The image of Paramapada Vasal]]
The temple follows ''[[Pancharatra]] Agama'' and [[Thenkalai]] tradition. The major festival celebrated in the temple is the 10-day Vaikasi Brahmotsavam, held during the [[Tamil calendar|Tamil]] month of ''Vaikasi'' (May - June).<ref name=dinamalar>{{cite web|title=Sri Trivikrama Temple|url=https://temple.dinamalar.com/en/new_en.php?id=268|publisher=Dinamalar|access-date=2 August 2020}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book|title=Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Puranas, Volume 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FdIkaccgneAC&q=vamana&pg=PA1337|last=Parmeshwaranand|first=Swami|publisher=Sarup & Sons|year=2001|isbn=9788176252263|ref=Parmeshwaranand}}
* {{cite book|title=Students' Britannica India, Volumes 1-5
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DPP7O3nb3g0C&q=vamana&pg=PA217|last1=Hoiberg|first1=Dale |last2=Ramchandani|first2=Indu |publisher=Popular Prakashan|year=2000|isbn=9780852297605|ref=Hoiberg}}
{{refend}}

{{Famous Vishnu temples}}
{{commons category|Thadalan Kovil}}

[[Category:Divya Desams| ]]
[[Category:Vishnu temples in Mayiladuthurai district]]
[[Category:Vamana temples]]
[[Category:Hindu temples in Mayiladuthurai district]]

Kazheesirama Vinnagaram - Revision history

MerryHarris567 at 06:25, 4 May 2026