->Vijethnbharadwaj at 13:02, 27 December 2021

2021-12-27T13:02:15Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Kengal Hanumanthaiah ಕೆಂಗಲ್ ಹನುಮಂತಯ್ಯ
|image =File:Kengal_Hanumanthaiah.jpg|
|imagesize =
|office = 2nd [[Chief Minister of Karnataka|Chief Minister of Mysore State]]
|1blankname = [[Rajpramukh]]
|1namedata = [[Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar]]
|term_start = 30 March 1952
|term_end = 19 August 1956
|predecessor = [[K. C. Reddy]]
|successor = [[Kadidal Manjappa]]
|constituency_MP1 = [[Bangalore North (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bangalore City]]
|parliament1 = Indian
|term_start1 = 2 April 1962
|term_end1 = 18 January 1977
|predecessor1 = N. Keshavaiengar
|successor1 = [[C. K. Jaffer Sharief]]
|office2 = Member of [[Constituent Assembly of India]]
|term_start2 = 9 December 1946
|term_end2 = 24 January 1950
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1908|02|14|df=y}}
|birth_place = Lakkappanahalli, [[Ramanagara]], [[Karnataka]], [[British India]]
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1980|12|01|1908|02|14|df=yes}}
|party = [[Surajya Party]] (From Sep 1977)
| otherparty = *[[Indian National Congress]] (Till Sep 1977)
}}

'''Kengal Hanumanthaiah''' (14 February 1908 – 1 December 1980), also spelt as '''Kengal Hanumanthaiya''', was the second [[Chief Minister]] of [[Karnataka]] (then, [[Mysore State]]) from 30 March 1952 to 19 August 1956. He contributed to the construction of [[Vidhana Soudha]], the seat of the state legislature.

== Early life ==
Hanumanthaiah was born on 14 February 1908, in a [[Vokkaliga]] family in a Lakkappanahalli, a small village near [[Ramanagara]], [[Ramanagara District]]. He graduated in Arts from the [[Maharaja College of Mysore|Maharaja College]] in [[Mysore]] in 1930 and later earned a degree in Law from Poona Law College in 1932. During his college days, he was elected as the Secretary of the Students Union and the Karnataka Sangha. After his graduation, he joined the bar council in the same year.<ref name=stat1>{{cite web|title=Kengal Hanumanthaiah|url=http://www.vokkaligarasangha.com/kengalhanumanthaiah.html|publisher=Vokkaligara Sangha}}</ref>

== Political career ==
At that time, the independence movement was steadily growing and at the center stage of the movement was the [[Indian National Congress]] led by [[Mahatma Gandhi]]. Dr. P. Tandon, the then President of [[Indian National Congress]], advised Hanumanthaiah to give up his active practice at the bar and to devote himself to the freedom struggle. With the inspiration of Gandhiji and the persuasion of Tandon, Hanumanthaiah joined the freedom movement and became active in the then Mysore Congress. During the movement, he was jailed more than 7 times.<ref name="KengalLS">{{cite web |title=A short introduction of Kengal Hanumanthiah in official Loksabha contents |url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/1490.htm |website=loksabhaph.nic.in |publisher=Loksabha |access-date=6 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605172115/http://loksabhaph.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/1490.htm |archive-date=5 June 2020 }}</ref> He was unanimously elected as the leader of the Parliamentary Party wing of the Congress Party in Mysore Assembly in the year 1948. Also, he was a member of the [[Constituent Assembly of India]].<ref name=stat2>{{cite web|title=Kengal Hanumanthaiah – Karnataka's second Chief Minister|date=26 September 2011|url=http://www.karnatakaspider.com/resources/4066-Kengal-Hanumanthaiah-Karnataka-s-second-Chief.aspx|publisher=Karnataka Spider}}</ref>

He became the second [[Chief Ministers of Karnataka|Chief minister of Mysore state]] in 1952, following the victory of the Congress party in the [[1951 Indian general election|1st general elections]]. His tenure as Chief Minister was marked by activities aimed at uplifting the rural population of the state and promoting economic growth.<ref name=stat4>{{cite web|title=The Political Powerhouse – Kengel Hanumanthaiah|date=7 October 2011|url=http://www.karnataka.com/personalities/kengel-hanumanthaiah/|publisher=Karnataka.com}}</ref>
Hanumanthaiah's major achievement was the construction of the "Vidhana Soudha", the largest legislature-cum-office building in India at that time. His other key achievement was the [[Unification of Karnataka]]. He played a role in uniting the Kannada speaking areas within the boundaries of a single state.<ref name="stat2"/>

== Role in Constituent Assembly ==
He was part of the Committee for the Drafting of a Model Constitution for the Indian States and made interventions on the issue of federalism.<ref name="KengalLS"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cadindia.clpr.org.in/|title=CADIndia|website=cadindia.clpr.org.in|access-date=16 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329161051/http://cadindia.clpr.org.in/|archive-date=29 March 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cadindia.clpr.org.in/constituent_assembly_members/kengal_hanumanthaiah|title=CADIndia|website=cadindia.clpr.org.in|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref> In the Constituent Assembly, he argued for greater autonomy for states.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cadindia.clpr.org.in/search?tag%5Bspeaker%5D%5B%5D=K.+Hanumanthaiya&keyword%5B%5D=federalism&document_type%5B%5D=1&document_type%5B%5D=0&sort_by=Relevant+Day&filter_tag%5Bspeaker%5D%5B%5D=126&date_of_debate=|title=CADIndia|website=cadindia.clpr.org.in|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>

==Vidhana Soudha==
[[File:Vidhana Soudha 2012.jpg|thumb|Hanumanthaiah played a key role in the construction of the [[Vidhan Soudha]], the seat of Karnataka's legislature.]]
During an interview, Kengal Hanumanthaiah explained the reasoning behind the construction of a grand legislature building. A Russian cultural delegation was visiting [[Bangalore]] and Hanumanthaiah took them around to show the city. Stung by their comments, Hanumanthaiah vowed to create a monument so magnificent that it would showcase the best of Karnataka's indigenous architectural style. This resulted in the Vidhana Soudha, the seat of Legislature in [[Karnataka]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Vidhan Soudha|url=http://www.bangalorebest.com/discoverbangalore/sightseeing/vidhanasoudha.asp|publisher=Bangalore Best|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090606063636/http://www.bangalorebest.com/discoverbangalore/sightseeing/vidhanasoudha.asp|archive-date=6 June 2009}}</ref>

==Later life==
After resigning as [[Chief Minister]] shortly before the Unification of [[Karnataka]] in 1956, he moved on to national politics. He was continuously elected as a member of parliament representing [[Bangalore]] city from 1962 to 1977. He was member of the 3rd (1962), 4th (1967) and 5th (1971) Loksabha.<ref name="KengalLS"/> During this period he served as minister in the Union cabinet handling a number of portfolio's such as Railways, Industries etc. In the 1971 elections, he defeated the poet [[Gopalkrishna Adiga]], who was a candidate of the [[Jana Sangh]]. However, he lost to Justice [[K. S. Hegde]] of the [[Janata party]] in 1977. He died on 1 December 1980.

==Legacy==
[[File:Kengeri.jpg|thumb|[[Kengeri]] TTMC junction is named after Hanumanthaiah]]
The [[Kengal Hanumanthaiya Memorial Trust]] celebrated his 104th birthday in 2012 which had the Chief Guest, the 13th President (then Finance Minister), Pranab Mukherjee<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.megamedianews.in/index.php/59538/kengal-hanumanthaiahs-104th-birth-anniversary-celebrated-in-bangalore/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=30 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185437/http://www.megamedianews.in/index.php/59538/kengal-hanumanthaiahs-104th-birth-anniversary-celebrated-in-bangalore/ |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref>

A major road in Bangalore called '''Double Road''' near [[Lal Bagh|Lalbagh]] is renamed as Kengal Hanumanthiah Road.<ref>{{cite web |title=An Interesting History Of Bangalore And Its Well Known Landmarks |url=https://www.citehr.com/348991-interesting-history-bangalore-its-well-known-landmarks.html |website=www.citehr.com |access-date=6 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705140852/https://www.citehr.com/348991-interesting-history-bangalore-its-well-known-landmarks.html |archive-date=5 July 2017 }}</ref>
A statue of Hanumanthaiah has been installed in front of the Vidhana Soudha.<ref name=stat5>{{cite web|title=Kengal Hanumanthaiah's statue|url=http://www.google.co.in/imgres?q=kengal+hanumanthaiah+statue&hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-GB:official&biw=1366&bih=624&tbm=isch&tbnid=Qt74XarpYoRz7M:&imgrefurl=http://lite.epaper.timesofindia.com/mobile.aspx%3Farticle%3Dyes%26pageid%3D8%26edlabel%3DBGMIR%26mydateHid%3D26-01-2011%26pubname%3DMirror%2B-%2BBangalore%26edname%3D%26articleid%3DAr00800%26format%3D%26publabel%3DMM&docid=X9Wwwk42bIbMpM&imgurl=http://lite.epaper.timesofindia.com/Repository/BGMIR/2011/01/26/8/Img/Pc0080300.jpg&w=137&h=566&ei=vaykUIagEaW9iAe2yICAAg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=431&vpy=111&dur=458&hovh=400&hovw=96&tx=90&ty=397&sig=110581415472683294766&page=1&tbnh=154&tbnw=41&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:16,s:0,i:114|publisher=Times of India}}</ref> His centenary celebrations were held in the year 2008.<ref name=stat3>{{cite web|title=Rich tributes paid to Kengal Hanumanthaiah|url=http://www.mangalorean.com/news.php?newstype=broadcast&broadcastid=112281|publisher=Mangalorean.Com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232509/http://www.mangalorean.com/news.php?newstype=broadcast&broadcastid=112281|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref>

The [[Kengeri]] TTMC junction in Bangalore is named as "Shri Kengal Hanumanthaiah Transport Junction."

==See also==
*[[List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rDlEscYHRwg A short video on the life and times of Kengal Hanumanthiah by Department of Information and Broadcasting, Karnataka]

{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[K. C. Reddy]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka|Chief Minister of Mysore State]]|years=1952–1956}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Kadidal Manjappa]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{KarnatakaChiefMinisters}}
{{Karnataka ministries}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hanumanthaiah, Kengal}}
[[Category:1908 births]]
[[Category:1980 deaths]]
[[Category:Politicians from Bangalore]]
[[Category:Kannada people]]
[[Category:3rd Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Maharaja's College, Mysore alumni]]
[[Category:Members of the Constituent Assembly of India]]
[[Category:4th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:5th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Indian National Congress]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]
[[Category:Chief Ministers of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Chief ministers of Indian states]]
[[Category:Railway Ministers of India]]
[[Category:Law Ministers of India]]
[[Category:Members of the Cabinet of India]]

Kengal Hanumanthaiah - Revision history

->Vijethnbharadwaj at 13:02, 27 December 2021