Davidwez at 11:17, 20 March 2026

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{{Short description|Unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Kerala}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Redirect|Niyamasabha|the building that houses the Niyamasabha|Niyamasabha Mandiram}}
{{more footnotes|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox legislature
| name = Kerala Legislative Assembly
| native_name = {{lang|ml|കേരള നിയമസഭ}}
| native_name_lang = [[Malayalam]]
| coa_pic = Government of Kerala Logo.svg
| coa_res = 200px
| transcription_name =
| legislature = [[15th Kerala Assembly]]
| foundation = 
| disbanded = 
| preceded_by = [[14th Kerala Legislative Assembly]]
| succeeded_by =
| coa_alt =
| house_type = Unicameral
| term_limits = 5 years
| leader2_type = [[List of speakers of the Kerala Legislative Assembly|Speaker]]
| leader2 = [[A. N. Shamseer]]
| party2 = [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
| election2 = 12 September 2022
| leader3_type = Deputy Speaker
| leader3 = [[Chittayam Gopakumar]]
| party3 = [[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
| leader4_type = [[List of Chief Ministers of Kerala|Chief Minister]] (Leader of the House)
| leader4 = [[Pinarayi Vijayan]]
| party4 = [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
| election4 = 20 May 2021
| leader5_type = [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Kerala Legislative Assembly|Leader of the Opposition]]
| leader5 = [[V. D. Satheesan]]
| party5 = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| election5 = 22 May 2021
| leader6_type = Deputy Leader of the Opposition
| leader6 = [[P. K. Kunhalikutty]]
| party6 = [[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]]
| election6 = 22 May 2021
| leader7_type = Chief Whip
| leader7 =
| leader1_type = [[List of governors of Kerala|Governor]]
| leader1 = [[Rajendra Arlekar]]
| seats = '''140'''
| structure1 = {{Switcher|[[File:Bharat Kerala Niyamasabha 2025.svg|300px]]|By party|[[File:Bharat Kerala Niyamasabha Alliance Wise 2025.svg|300px]]|By alliance}}
| structure1_res = 300px
| political_groups1 = '''[[Government of Kerala|Government]] (95)''' 
:{{Party legend|Left Democratic Front (Kerala)}} (95)
:*{{Party legend|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}} (61)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-21 |title=Kerala HC annuls CPI(M) MLA's election from Devikulam |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/hc-annuls-raja-s-candidature-from-devikulam-101679339000164.html |access-date=2023-12-12 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
:*{{Party legend|Communist Party of India}} (16)
:*{{Party legend|Kerala Congress (M)}} (5)
:*{{Party legend|Indian Socialist Janata Dal}} (2)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/kerala-unit-of-janata-dal-s-officially-merges-with-indian-socialist-janata-dal-isjd/article70518344.ece |title=Kerala unit of Janata Dal (S) merges with Indian Socialist Janata Dal |newspaper=The Hindu |date=2026-01-17 |access-date=2026-02-20}}}</ref>
:*{{Party legend|Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)}} (2)
:*{{Party legend|Congress (Secular)}} (1)
:*{{Party legend|Indian National League}} (1)
:*{{Party legend|Kerala Congress (B)}} (1)
:*{{Party legend|National Secular Conference}} (1)
:*{{Party legend|Rashtriya Janata Dal}} (1)
:*{{Party legend|Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)}} (1)<ref>{{Cite news |author= |date=2021-03-23 |title=Overconfidence of coalitions in Kerala |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/overconfidence-of-coalitions-in-kerala/articleshow/81628296.cms |website=[[Times of India]]|access-date=2025-02-12}}</ref>
:*{{Party legend|Independent politician|shortname=IND}} (3)
'''Official Opposition (42)''' 
:{{Party legend|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}} (42)
:*{{Party legend|Indian National Congress}} (21)
:*{{Party legend|Indian Union Muslim League}} (15)
:*{{Party legend|Kerala Congress}} (2)
:*{{Party legend|Kerala Congress (Jacob)}} (1)
:*{{color box|#00B2B2}} [[Kerala Democratic Party|KDP]] (1)
:*{{Party legend|Revolutionary Marxist Party of India}} (1)
*{{Party legend|Independent}} (1)
*{{Party legend|Casual vacancy}} (3)
| voting_system1 = [[First-past-the-post voting|First past the post]]
| last_election1 = [[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|6 April 2021]]
| next_election1 = [[2026 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|9 April 2026]]
| session_alt =
| session_room = Inside View of Kerala Legislative Assembly.jpg
| meeting_place = [[Niyamasabha Mandiram]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]]
| website = {{URL|http://www.niyamasabha.org/}}
| footnotes =
}}

The '''Kerala Legislative Assembly''', popularly known as the '''Kerala Niyamasabha''', is the State Assembly of [[Kerala]], one of the 28 states in India. The Assembly is formed by 140 elected representatives, one from each of the 140 constituencies within the borders of Kerala, referred to as [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA).

==History==
In [[Kerala Day|1956]], the State of Kerala was formed on linguistic basis, merging [[Travancore]], [[Kochi]] and [[Malabar District|Malabar]] regions, and the [[Kasaragod district|Kasaragod]] region of [[South Canara]].<ref name="askh">{{cite book |last1=Sreedhara Menon |first1=A. |title=''Kerala Charitram'' |date=January 2007 |publisher=DC Books |location=Kottayam |isbn=978-81-264-1588-5 |edition=2007 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FAlXPgAACAAJ&q=%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B3+%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82 |access-date=10 April 2021 |archive-date=13 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113141403/https://books.google.com/books?id=FAlXPgAACAAJ&q=%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B3+%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82 |url-status=live }}</ref> The first [[1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|assembly election]] in [[Kerala]] state was held in February–March 1957.<ref name="askh"/> The first ''Kerala Legislative Assembly'' was formed on 5 April 1957. The Assembly had 127 members including a nominated member.<ref name="askh"/>

The current delimitation committee of 2010 reaffirmed the total number of seats at 140.<ref name="askh"/>

== Legislature ==
<section begin="Legislature"/>
The [[legislature]] consists of the governor and the Kerala Legislative Assembly, which is the highest political organ in the state. The governor has the power to summon the assembly or to close the same. All members of the legislative assembly are directly elected, normally once in every five years by the eligible voters who are above 18 years of age. The current assembly consists of 140 elected members. The elected members select one of its own members as its chairperson who is called the [[Speaker (politics)|speaker]] of the assembly. The speaker is assisted by the deputy speaker who is also elected by the members. The conduct of a meeting in the house is the responsibility of the speaker.

The main function of the [[Legislative Assembly|assembly]] is to pass laws and rules. Every bill passed by the house has to be finally approved by the governor before it becomes law.

The normal term of the legislative assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Government – Legislature|url=https://niyamasabha.org/codes/govt_2.htm|publisher=Kerala Niyamasabha|access-date=17 March 2022|archive-date=8 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121208011357/http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/govt_2.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><section end="Legislature"/>

==Niyamasabha Complex==
{{main|Niyamasabha Mandiram}}

[[File:Niyamasabha Mandiram.JPG|thumb|left|Kerala State Legislative Assembly or the Niyamasabha at night]]
The State Assembly is known as Niyamasabha and is housed in New Legislature Complex. This 5 storied complex is one of the largest complexes in India. The Central Hall is described as elegant and majestic, with ornamental Teakwood-Rosewood panelling. The older Assembly was located within the State Secretariat complex which was converted into the Legislature Museum, after the commissioning of the new complex on 22 May 1998 ([[K. R. Narayanan]]).

== Speakers of the Kerala Legislative Assembly ==
{{Main|List of speakers of the Kerala Legislative Assembly}}

The Speaker of the Kerala Legislative Assembly is the presiding officer of the Legislative Assembly of the state of Kerala, the main law-making body for Kerala. He is elected by the members of the Kerala Legislative Assembly. The speaker is always a member of the Legislative Assembly. The current speaker of the Kerala Legislative Assembly is [[A. N. Shamseer]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=KERALA LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY| url=https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/kerala.htm|access-date=2021-09-05|website=legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in}}</ref>

A. N. Shamseer is the incumbent speaker of the Kerala Legislative Assembly.

== Composition ==
===Reservation===
{|class="wikitable" style="width:50%; text-align:center"
!Reservation
!Number of members
|-
|General
|124
|-
|Scheduled Castes
|14
|-
|Scheduled Tribes
|2
|-
!Total
!140
|}
===Current seats by alliance===
{{transcluded section|source=15th Kerala Assembly}}
{{trim|{{#Section-h:15th Kerala Assembly|Composition}}}}

== List of assemblies ==

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!Assembly {{small|([[Elections in Kerala|Election]])}}
!colspan=2|Ruling party
![[List of chief ministers of Kerala|Chief Minister]]
![[List of speakers of the Kerala Legislative Assembly|Speaker]]
![[List of leaders of the opposition in the Kerala Legislative Assembly|Leader of the Opposition]]
!colspan=2|Opposition party
|-
!1st {{small|([[1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1957 Election]])}}
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}};"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|[[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]
|[[R. Sankara Narayanan Thampi]]
|[[P. T. Chacko]]
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
!rowspan=2|2nd {{small|([[1960 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1960 Election]])}}
|style="background:{{party color|Praja Socialist Party}};"|
|[[Praja Socialist Party]]
|[[Pattom A. Thanu Pillai]]
|rowspan=2|[[K. M. Seethi Sahib]]<hr/>C. H. Mohammed Koya<hr/>Alexander Pattambithara
|rowspan=2|[[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]
|rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}};"|
|rowspan=2|[[Communist Party of India]]
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|[[R. Sankar]]
|-
!rowspan=2|3rd {{small|([[1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1967 Election]])}}
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|[[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]
|rowspan=2|D. Damodaran Potti
|[[K. Karunakaran]]
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}};"|
| rowspan="2" |[[Communist Party of India]]
| rowspan="2" |[[C. Achutha Menon]]
| rowspan="6" |[[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
| rowspan="6" |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|-
!4th {{small|([[1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1970 Election]])}}
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}};"|
|K. Moideenkutty Haji<hr/>S. John
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|-
!rowspan=4|5th {{small|([[1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1977 Election]])}}
|rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|rowspan=2|[[Indian National Congress]]
|[[K. Karunakaran]]
|rowspan=4|[[Chakkeeri Ahamed Kutty]]
|rowspan=4 style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|-
|[[A. K. Antony]]
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}};"|
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|[[P. K. Vasudevan Nair]]
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}};"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]]
|-
!rowspan=2|6th {{small|([[1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1980 Election]])}}
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|[[E. K. Nayanar]]
|A. P. Kurian
|[[K. Karunakaran]]
| style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress (I)}};"|
|[[Indian National Congress (I)]]
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
| rowspan="2" |[[Indian National Congress]]
| rowspan="2" |[[K. Karunakaran]]
|A. C. Jose
| rowspan="2" |[[E. K. Nayanar]]
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
| rowspan="2" |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|-
! 7th {{small|([[1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1982 Election]])}}
| style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|[[Vakkom Purushothaman]]<hr/>[[V. M. Sudheeran]]
| style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|-
!8th {{small|([[1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1987 Election]])}}
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|[[E. K. Nayanar]]
|[[Varkala Radhakrishnan]]
|[[K. Karunakaran]]
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
!rowspan=2|9th {{small|([[1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1991 Election]])}}
|rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|rowspan=2|[[Indian National Congress]]
||[[K. Karunakaran]]
|[[P. P. Thankachan]]
|rowspan=2|[[E. K. Nayanar]]<hr/>[[V. S. Achuthanandan]]
|rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|rowspan=2|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|-
|[[A. K. Antony]]
|[[Therambil Ramakrishnan]]
|-
!10th {{small|([[1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1996 Election]])}}
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|[[E. K. Nayanar]]
|[[M. Vijayakumar]]
|[[A. K. Antony]]
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
!rowspan=2|11th {{small|([[2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2001 Election]])}}
|rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|rowspan=2|[[Indian National Congress]]
|[[A. K. Antony]]
|[[Vakkom Purushothaman]]
|rowspan=2|[[V. S. Achuthanandan]]
|rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|rowspan=2|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|-
|[[Oommen Chandy]]
|[[Therambil Ramakrishnan]]
|-
![[12th Kerala Assembly|12th]] {{small|([[2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2006 Election]])}}
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|[[V. S. Achuthanandan]]
|[[K. Radhakrishnan (politician)|K. Radhakrishnan]]
|[[Oommen Chandy]]
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
![[13th Kerala Assembly|13th]] {{small|([[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2011 Election]])}}
| style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|[[Oommen Chandy]]
|[[G. Karthikeyan]]<hr/>[[N. Sakthan]]
|[[V. S. Achuthanandan]]
| style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|-
![[14th Kerala Assembly|14th]] {{small|([[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2016 Election]])}}
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
| rowspan="2" |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Pinarayi Vijayan]]
|[[P. Sreeramakrishnan]]
|[[Ramesh Chennithala]]
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
| rowspan="2" |[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
![[15th Kerala Assembly|15th]] {{small|([[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021 Election]])}}
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};"|
|[[M. B. Rajesh]]<hr/>[[A. N. Shamseer]]
|[[V. D. Satheesan]]
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|-
|}

== Current members ==
{{transcluded section|source=15th Kerala Assembly}}
{{trim|{{#Section-h:15th Kerala Assembly|Members of Legislative Assembly}}}}

==See also==
* [[Sree Moolam Popular Assembly]]
* [[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
* [[2019 Kerala Legislative Assembly by-elections]]
* [[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]
* [[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* [http://niyamasabha.org/codes/legislatorsupto2006.pdf Legislators up to 2006]
* http://klaproceedings.niyamasabha.org

==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Citation|title=Chief Ministers, Ministers, and Leaders of Opposition of Kerala|last=|publisher=Secratriat of Kerala Legislature|year=2018|location=[[Thiruvananthapuram]]|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/14kla/chief%20ministers,%20ministers,%20leaders%20of%20opposition.pdf|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=19 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519062017/http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/14kla/chief%20ministers,%20ministers,%20leaders%20of%20opposition.pdf|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite book|title=Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus - 2019|publisher=P. V. Chandran, Managing Editor, Mathrubhumi Printing & Publishing Company Limited, Kozhikode|year=2018|location=Kozhikode|last=Chandran |first=VP|edition=Malayalam }}
* {{cite book|author=Menon, A. Sreedhara|title=A Survey of Kerala History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FVsw35oEBv4C|year=2007|publisher=DC Books|isbn=9788126415786|access-date=13 June 2021|archive-date=24 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024131432/https://books.google.com/books?id=FVsw35oEBv4C|url-status=live}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* [https://www.loksabhaelections.in/kerela Kerala Lok Sabha Election 2019 Results Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301201455/https://www.loksabhaelections.in/kerela |date=1 March 2019 }}
{{Commons category|Kerala Niyamasabha}}
* [http://www.niyamasabha.org niyamasabha.org]
* [http://www.keralaassembly.com Kerala Assembly Election 2016 Website]
* [http://www.keralaassembly.org Election Database]
* [http://www.klaproceedings.niyamasabha.org klaproceedings.niyamasabha.org]

{{Legislatures of India}}
{{Current Indian assemblies}}
{{Kerala elections}}
{{Government of Kerala}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Kerala Legislative Assembly| ]]
[[Category:State lower houses in India]]
[[Category:1957 establishments in Kerala]]
[[Category:Unicameral legislatures]]
[[Category:Thiruvananthapuram]]

Kerala Legislative Assembly - Revision history

Davidwez at 11:17, 20 March 2026