UpdateBot at 03:56, 3 February 2022

2022-02-03T03:56:24Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Khaltsi
| other_name = Khalsi
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline = Khalatse (visit of Dalai Lama).jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = School kids in Khalatse
| etymology =
| pushpin_map = India Ladakh#India
| pushpin_relief =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|34.3200775|N|76.8793025|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|Union Territory]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Ladakh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Leh district|Leh]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Tehsil]]
| subdivision_name3 = Khalatse
| subdivision_type4 = Sub-Divisional Magistrate
| subdivision_name4 = Suhail Ahmed, [[Jammu Kashmir Administrative Service|JKAS]]
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type = [[Panchayat]]
| seat =
| leader_party =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_m = 2987
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 767
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = 
| area_code =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]] code
| blank_info_sec1 = 948
| footnotes =
}}

'''Khaltse''' or '''Khalsi''' is the headquarter of [[eponymous]] [[Leh_district#subdivision|Subdivision]], [[Community development block in India|block]] and [[tehsil]] in the [[Leh district]] of [[Ladakh]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://leh.nic.in/depts/villageamenitydirectory.pdf |title=Blockwise Village Amenity Directory |publisher=Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council |access-date=2015-07-23 }}</ref><ref name=lehdiv1>[https://leh.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/subdivision-blocks/ Leh subdivision-blocks].</ref> It is located 337 km from [[Srinagar]] on the old main road to [[Leh]], where it crossed the Indus over an iron bridge.<ref>Schettler (1981), pp. 102–103.</ref> Much of its importance is because it is the place where the road from Kashmir debouches into the Indus Valley.<ref>Rizvi (1996), p. 31.</ref> Close by are the remains of an old fortified customs house.<ref>Rizvi (1996), p. 96.</ref> Khaltsi is also the location of the upcoming new Sindhu Central University of Ladakh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/cabinet-approves-setting-up-central-university-in-ladakh-7417788/|title = Cabinet approves setting up central university in Ladakh|date = 23 July 2021}}</ref>

==History==
There is a fragmentary inscription at Khalatse which carries the name 'Maharaja Uvima' which is attributed to the [[Kushan]] king, [[Vima Kadphises]] who ruled in the 1st or early 2nd century CE.<ref>Stein, R. A. (1972). ''Tibetan Civilization'', p. 36. Stanford University Press; {{ISBN|978-0-8047-0901-9}}.</ref><ref>Narain, A. K. (1990). "Indo-Europeans in Inner Asia", p. 164. In: (1990). ''The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia'' (Vol 1). Cambridge University Press. Editor: Denis Sinor. {{ISBN|978-0-521-24304-9}}.</ref><ref>Bivar, A. D. H. (1993). "The History of Eastern Iran", p. 223. In: ''The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3: The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanid Periods, Part 1 of 2.'' Editor: E. Yarshater. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-20092-9}}.</ref>

Lha chen Naglug (c. 1150-1175 CE), a member of a dynasty of [[Dardic people|Dard]] kings, a built a bridge across the Indus at the same site as the present bridge, and the Bragnag castle on the bank of the Indus, on the brook, about one mile (1.6 km) above the present village, to guard the bridge. It was built in competition to another bridge, the Babu Khar bridge, only three miles (4.8 km) away, and was clearly built to raise taxes from travellers. The castle is said to have been the first castle built in the country. The ruins of the castle and also the remains of extensive fields and watercourses are still visible. Lha chen Naglug also built the palace at Wanla.<ref>Francke (1977), pp. 80, 92.</ref>

There are a number of ancient Dardic rock carvings nearby, including one of a Dard woman carrying a basket on her back, one of a man hunting antelopes, and some showing men with what appear to be flat hats, all costumes similar to the Dards of [[Dah Hanu|Da]]. In front of the ancient Dard castle at Khalatse is an inscription in an Indian language which probably dates from the period of Dard occupation.<ref>Francke (1977), pp. 71–72.</ref>

The German [[Moravian Church]] Mission, which opened in Leh in 1885 had a sub-station in Khalatse which remained open for the half a century prior to India's independence in 1947 and played a prominent role there with their medical and educational activities, but only made a few converts.<ref>Rizvi (1996), p. 212.</ref>

At a cost of 750 crores, Khaltsi has been chosen as the location of the upcoming [[Central University (India)|Central University]] in Ladakh. Its location was strategically chosen, being between the capitals of [[Kargil]] and [[Leh]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/cabinet-approves-setting-up-central-university-in-ladakh-7417788/|title = Cabinet approves setting up central university in Ladakh|date = 23 July 2021}}</ref>

Khalatse is also famous for its [[apricots]].<ref>Rizvi (1996), p. 23.</ref>

== Demographics ==
Entering Khaltse by the road from Srinagar, it is clear one is entering the heartland of Buddhism with its ''chortens'' or small [[stupas]], [[mani stone]]s and [[prayer flag]]s. Upstream from Khalatse, and downstream on the right bank of the Indus, the people are almost all Buddhist. The ones downstream are mostly Brokpa or Dards.<ref>Rizvi (1996), p. 203.</ref>

According to the [[2011 census of India]], Khaltse has 156 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 86.27%.<ref name="census_2011"/>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Demographics (2011 Census)<ref name="census_2011">{{cite news |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/datagov/CDB_PCA_Census/PCA_CDB_0103_F_Census.xls |title=Leh district census |work=[[2011 Census of India]] |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations |access-date=2015-07-23 }}</ref>
! !! Total !! Male !! Female
|-
| Population || 767 || 381 || 386
|-
| Children aged below 6 years || 68 || 36 || 32
|-
| [[Scheduled caste]] || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| [[Scheduled tribe]] || 751 || 366 || 385
|-
| Literates || 603 || 324 || 279
|-
| Workers (all) || 381 || 202 || 179
|-
| Main workers (total) || 378 || 202 || 176
|-
| Main workers: Cultivators || 42 || 22 || 20
|-
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers || 3 || 1 || 2
|-
| Main workers: Household industry workers || 1 || 0 || 1
|-
| Main workers: Other || 332 || 179 || 153
|-
| Marginal workers (total) || 3 || 0 || 3
|-
| Marginal workers: Cultivators || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers || 2 || 0 || 2
|-
| Marginal workers: Others || 1 || 0 || 1
|-
| Non-workers || 386 || 179 || 207
|}

==Climate==
{{Weather box
|location = Khalatse
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes

|Jan high C = -3.5
|Feb high C = -0.3
|Mar high C = 5.3
|Apr high C = 12.9
|May high C = 19.3
|Jun high C = 23.5
|Jul high C = 26.7
|Aug high C = 26.2
|Sep high C = 22.4
|Oct high C = 16.0
|Nov high C = 8.9
|Dec high C = 1.1
|year high C =

|Jan mean C = -8.2
|Feb mean C = -5.7
|Mar mean C = 0.2
|Apr mean C = 7.3
|May mean C = 13.0
|Jun mean C = 17.0
|Jul mean C = 20.4
|Aug mean C = 19.9
|Sep mean C = 15.8
|Oct mean C = 9.3
|Nov mean C = 2.8
|Dec mean C = -3.9
|year mean C =

|Jan low C = -12.9
|Feb low C = -11.1
|Mar low C = -4.9
|Apr low C = 1.8
|May low C = 6.8
|Jun low C = 10.6
|Jul low C = 14.2
|Aug low C = 13.7
|Sep low C = 9.3
|Oct low C = 2.7
|Nov low C = -3.2
|Dec low C = -8.9
|year low C =

|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 32
|Feb rain mm = 33
|Mar rain mm = 46
|Apr rain mm = 23
|May rain mm = 19
|Jun rain mm = 7
|Jul rain mm = 11
|Aug rain mm = 11
|Sep rain mm = 13
|Oct rain mm = 7
|Nov rain mm = 5
|Dec rain mm = 17

|source 1 = Climate-data.com<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://en.climate-data.org/location/492913/
| title = Climate: Khalatse
| publisher = Climate-data.com}}</ref>
|date = April 2018
}}

Because Khalatse is about 400 metres lower than Leh, two crops can be grown each year rather than only one. By the time crops are being sown at Leh in late May, they are already half-grown at Khalatse. The first crop – usually of ''grim'' (naked [[barley]] – ''Hordeum vulgare'' L. var. ''nudum'' Hook. f., which is an ancient form of domesticated barley with an easier to remove hull) – from which [[tsampa]], the staple food in Ladakh, is made) is usually harvested by mid-July and then other crops such as [[buckwheat]], [[turnips]] and other vegetables are planted.<ref>Rizvi (1996), p. 38.</ref>

==Footnotes==
* Francke, A. H. (1977). ''A History of Ladakh''. A. H. Francke (Originally published as, ''A History of Western Tibet'', (1907). 1977 Edition with critical introduction and annotations by S. S. Gergan & F. M. Hassnain. Sterling Publishers, New Delhi.
* Francke, A. H. (1914). ''Antiquities of Indian Tibet''. Two Volumes. Calcutta. 1972 reprint: S. Chand, New Delhi.
*Schettler, Rolf & Margaret. (1981). ''Kashmir, Ladakh & Zanskar''. Lonely Planet. South Yarra, Vic., Australia. {{ISBN|0-908086-21-0}}.
* Janet Rizvi. (1996). ''Ladakh: Crossroads of High Asia''. Second Edition. Oxford University Press, Delhi. {{ISBN|0-19-564546-4}}.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Ladakh}}
{{Leh district}}

[[Category:Villages in Khalsi tehsil]]

Khalatse - Revision history

UpdateBot at 03:56, 3 February 2022