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{{Short description|Coded language of Nihang Sikhs}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Khalsa bole
| familycolor = Indo-European
| altname = Gar Gaj Bole, Nihang Singh de Bole, Khalsa de bole
| creator =
| nativename = ਖ਼ਾਲਸਈ ਬੋਲੇ, ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ ਬੋਲੀ, ਗੜਗੱਜ ਬੋਲੇ
| pronunciation = Ḵẖālasa'ī bōlē, Ḵẖālasā bōlī
| posteriori = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] and [[Punjabi dialects and languages|its dialects]] (mostly), [[Hindi]], [[Persian language|Persian]]
| era = 17th or early 18th century to present
| fam1 = [[Indo-European]]
| fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]
| fam4 = [[Indo-Aryan_languages#Northwestern_Zone|Northwestern]]
| fam5 = [[Punjabi dialects and languages|Punjabic]]
| ancestor = [[Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]]
| ancestor2 = [[Proto-Indo-Iranian language|Proto-Indo-Iranian]]
| ancestor3 = [[Proto-Indo-Aryan language|Proto-Indo-Aryan]]
| ancestor4 = [[Vedic Sanskrit]]
| ancestor5 = [[Sanskrit#Classical_Sanskrit|Classical Sanskrit]]
| ancestor6 = ''debated'' [[Prakrit]]{{efn|[[Paishachi]], [[Shauraseni Prakrit|Saurasheni]], or [[Gandhari language|Gandhari]] Prakrits have been proposed as the ancestor [[Middle Indo-Aryan languages|Middle Indo-Aryan language]] to Punjabi.}}<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Singh |first1=Sikander |title=The Origin Theories of Punjabi Language: A Context of Historiography of Punjabi Language |journal=International Journal of Sikh Studies |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353680383}}</ref>
| ancestor7 = ''debated'' [[Apabhraṃśa]]
| ancestor8 = [[wikt:Old Punjabi|Old Punjabi]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Haldar |first1=Gopal |title=Languages of India |publisher=National Book Trust, India |location=New Delhi |isbn=9788123729367 |page=149 |quote=The age of Old Punjabi: up to 1600 A.D. […] It is said that evidence of Old Punjabi can be found in the Granth Sahib.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bhatia |first1=Tej K. |title=Punjabi: A Cognitive-Descriptive Grammar |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=9781136894602 |page=XXV |edition=Reprint |quote=As an independent language Punjabi has gone through the following three stages of development: Old Punjabi (10th to 16th century). Medieval Punjabi (16th to 19th century), and Modern Punjabi (19th century to Present).}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=Christopher Shackle |author2=Arvind Mandair |title=Teachings of the Sikh Gurus : selections from the Scriptures |publisher=Routledge |location=Abingdon, Oxon |isbn=9781136451089 |edition=First |chapter=0.2.1 – Form |quote=Surpassing them all in the frequent subtlety of his linguistic choices, including the use of dialect forms as well as of frequent loanwords from Sanskrit and Persian, Guru Nanak combined this poetic language of the Sants with his native Old Punjabi. It is this mixture of Old Punjabi and old Hindi which constitutes the core idiom of all the earlier Gurus.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Frawley |first1=William |title=International encyclopedia of linguistics |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=9780195139778 |page=423 |edition=2nd}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Austin |first1=Peter |title=One thousand languages : living, endangered, and lost |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=9780520255609 |page=115}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=Braj B. Kachru |author2=Yamuna Kachru |author3=S. N. Sridhar |title=Language in South Asia |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781139465502 |page=411}}</ref>
| script = [[Gurmukhi]]
}}{{Sikhism sidebar}}

'''Khalsa bole''' (Gurmukhi: ਖ਼ਾਲਸਈ ਬੋਲੇ or ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ ਬੋਲੀ; ''Ḵẖālasa'ī bōlē'', ''Ḵẖālasā bōlī''; meaning "words of [[Khalsa]]"; alternatively transcribed as '''Khalsa boli''') is a bravado-based language variety developed and spoken by members of the [[Akali Nihang|Akali-Nihang]] sect of [[Sikhism]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |year=1984 |title=India Today |journal=India Today |publisher=Living Media India Pvt. Limited |volume=9 |pages=61}}</ref> It has also been described as a coded language.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |title=The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies |publisher=OUP Oxford |others=Pashaura Singh, Louis E. Fenech |year=2014 |isbn=9780191004117 |series=Oxford Handbooks |pages=380}}</ref> Other common names for the lect are ''Gar Gaj Bole'' (ਗੜਗੱਜ ਬੋਲੇ; meaning "words that thunder"), ''Nihang Singh de Bole'' ("words of the Nihang Sikhs"), ''Nihang Bola'' ("Nihang speak"), and ''Khalsa de bole'' ("words of the Khalsa").<ref name="Madra2016">{{Cite book |last=Madra |first=Amandeep Singh |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1083462581 |title=Sicques, Tigers or Thieves : Eyewitness Accounts of the Sikhs (1606-1810). |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |others=P. Singh |isbn=978-1-137-11998-8 |location=New York |pages=120, 362 |oclc=1083462581}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |title=The Illustrated Weekly of India |publisher=Times of India Press |year=1969 |volume=90 |pages=38}}</ref>

== Purpose ==
The dialect encompasses the Sikh philosophical concept of remaining ever optimistic, known as ''[[Charhdi Kala|Chardi kala]]''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Dya |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1007302595 |title=Sikhing Success & Happiness : Spiritual Secrets for Success, Fulfillment & Happiness. |isbn=978-1-4828-6637-7 |location=[Singapore] |chapter=Chapter VII: Sikhing Happiness - Chardhi Kala, Amritvela & Anand |oclc=1007302595}}</ref> The unique dialect serves martial and mental objectives, such as helping the speaker and listeners remain in high-spirits in the face of adversity.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Khuswant |title=Nihang Speak (bole) |url=https://www.sikhnet.com/news/nihang-speak-bole-op-ed |archive-url= |archive-date=30 March 2011 |archive-format= |website=Hindustan Times (original publisher), republished on SikhNet |publication-place=Chandigarh}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Ganda |title=Sardar Jassa Singh Ahluwalia |publisher=Publication Bureau of Patiala Punjabi University |year=1990 |pages=16 |quote=This Nihang Singhi language helped the Singhs of those days to maintain themselves in high spirits and face the tempest of ordeals bravely.}}</ref> It serves as a verbal act of dissent in the face of troubling circumstances.<ref name=":3" />

{{Blockquote|text="There is a great degree of general Sikh ambivalence towards the Nihangs and their [[dera (organization)|deras]]. There is no real knowledge but through the construction of the Sikh past by [[Ragi (Sikhism)|ragis]] and [[Dhadi (music)|dhadis]] and others involved in the invention of Sikh tradition, they seem to have made sacrifices for the faith and [[qaum]]. One possible consequence of their relative isolation could be the development of coded language. Sekhon (1997: 229) attributes these different meanings of the words as metaphors of optimism and belief in the inevitable achievement of the goal: 'Taking a meal of parched gram of necessity a Nihang would describe himself as eating almonds. Even now onions for Nihangs are silver pieces, rupees on the other hand mere pebbles, and a club the repository of wisdom.’ "|author=Pashaura Singh, Louis E. Fenech|title=The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies (2014)|source=page 380}}

== History ==

=== Origin ===
Some claim it was invented by [[Banda Singh Bahadur]], the early 18th century Sikh warrior and martyr.{{R|name=Madra2016|page=120}} Sikh scholar, Piara Singh Padam, claims it originated earlier in the 17th century, during the time of the [[Sikh gurus|Sikh Gurus]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |last=Padam |first=Piara Singh |url=http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/downloadPdf.jsp?file=PL-000723.pdf&docid=40769 |title=Khalsa Bole |year=1985 |language=pa |script-title=pa:ਖਾਲਸਈ ਬੋਲੇ |trans-title=Khalsa language |format=PDF}}</ref> The lect developed during the period of intense persecution of the Sikhs by the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] and [[Durrani Empire|Durrani]] empires in the 18th century.<ref name=":5" /> During that period, Sikhs vacated for the mountains, jungles, and deserts to escape the genocidal policies enacted against them.<ref name=":5" />

{{Blockquote|text="Guru Gobind Singh would rename some of the smaller or weaker Singhs in the ranks of the Khalsa army. He would bestow them with lofty titles such as ‘Dharti-Hallaa Singh' (literally, the Earth-shaker). This would not only send fear and doubt deep within the ranks of the enemy soldiers, but encouraged the Singhs in the Khalsa army to fight heroically with courage and confidence and honour the names given to them by the Guru."|author=Nihang Darshan Singh|title=audio recording, July 2006<ref>{{cite web |author1=NIHANGSINGH.ORG |title=Thundering Words: The Martial Language of Nihangs |url=https://sikhchic.com/history/thundering_words_the_martial_language_of_nihangs |website=sikhchic.com |date=21 October 2010}}</ref>}}

=== Present-day ===
The dialect is still used by some modern Sikhs, especially the Akali-Nihangs.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Crenshaw |first=Martha |title=Terrorism in Context |publisher=Penn State Press |year=2010 |isbn=9780271044422 |pages=363}}</ref> Many modern Nihangs are ridiculed for using their dialect.<ref name=":3" /> They are often the target for jokes by outsiders.<ref name=":3" />

== Linguistic sources ==
Khalsa bole sources its vocabulary from "a mixture of [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Hindi]], [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[Indo-Aryan languages|other dialects]] used in various regions of India".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pall |first=S. J. S. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/294988259 |title=The beloved forces of the Guru |publisher=B. Chattar Singh Jiwan Singh |isbn=978-81-7601-857-9 |edition=1st |location=Amritsar |oclc=294988259}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

== List of vocabulary examples ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+''Khalsa bole'' words and phrases with figurative and literal meanings
!No.
!Word or phrase
!'''Figurative''' meaning
!Literal meaning
!Reference(s)
|-
|1.
|''akāl dan''
|dispenser of wisdom
|wooden club
|{{R|name=Madra2016|page=120}}
|-
|2.
|
|conquer [[Chittor Fort|Chittor]] or [[Multan]]
|urination or defecation
|<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" />
|-
|3.
|''Nihal Kaur''
|blanket
|Sikh woman's name, [[Santokh|satisfiying]] woman
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|4.
|''larki''
|green chillies
|girl or woman
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|5.
|''rupa''
|onion
|beautiful, beauty, silver pieces
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":7">{{cite web |author1=NIHANGSINGH.ORG |title=Thundering Words: The Martial Language of Nihangs |url=https://sikhchic.com/history/thundering_words_the_martial_language_of_nihangs |website=sikhchic.com}}</ref>
|-
|6.
|''dhid phookni, tid fookni''
|tea
|stomach destroyer
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|7.
|''thokhay baj''
|(spoon) of sugar
|
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|8.
|''akaash pari''
|goat
|
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|9.
|''larraaki''
|refers to an individual with a martial spirit
|red chillies
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|10.
|''akkar-bhan''
|fever
|
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|11.
|''sukha''
|Cannabis concocted beverage ([[bhang]]), tranquilizer
|peace of mind, happiness, pleasurable
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|12.
|''araakis''
|horses
|
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|13.
|''thanedaar''
|donkey
|police officer
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|14.
|''[[Qadi|Qazi]], Kaji''
|cockerel{{Efn|This is due to the Qazis being associated with the Islamic call to prayer (azhan), a likeness is made to the call of a cockerel, and them demanding the non-Muslims of an area pay the Jizya tax, which was despised by the non-Muslim commoners, was a call of nature.|name=note 1|group=note}}
|judge in the field of [[Fiqh|Islamic jurisprudence]]
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|15.
|''chhauni''
|undergarments ([[kacchera]])
|encampment
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|16.
|''aflatoon''
|quilt
|braggart, bragger, boaster
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|17.
|''aandey''
|potatoes
|eggs
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|18.
|''aring baring''
|lying down
|wrestling
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|19.
|''Basant Kaur''
|corn
|combination of [[Basant (festival)|Basant]] (Spring festival) + [[Kaur]] (female Sikh title) meaning "Spring damsel"
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|20.
|''billa''
|[[English people|Englishman]]
|cat
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|21.
|''bhuchanger''
|youth
|
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|22.
|''chugal''
|mirror
|back-biter, tattler
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|23.
|''DC''
|limper
|
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|24.
|''dhullay''
|meat
|
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|25.
|''gobinday''
|watermelon
|
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|26.
|''gobindyia''
|carrots
|
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|27.
|''jahaj''
|cart
|boat, ship
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|28.
|''samundar''
|milk
|ocean
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|29.
|''sarb ras''
|salt
|essence of life
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|30.
|''siropa''
|beating
|robe of honour
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|31.
|''[[tehsildar]]''
|intelligent
|tax official of a ''[[tehsil]]'' (administrative unit)
|<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|32.
|''Teja Singh''
|train
|Sikh man's name
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|33.
|''athak savārī''
|pair of shoes
|tireless mount
|{{R|name=Madra2016|page=120}}
|-
|34.
|''charāī karnā''
|to die
|to invade, [[charge (warfare)|charge]] or set out on an expedition
|{{R|name=Madra2016|page=120}}<ref name=":8">{{Cite news |last=Pathak |first=Vikas |title=The Nihangs: Sikh Warrior Creed That Evokes Respect And Fear In Equal Measure |work=Outlook India |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/india-news-the-nihangs-sikh-warrior-creed-that-evokes-respect-and-fear-in-equal-measure/305118 |quote='He will dream of armies and he thinks in lakhs. If he is alone he will say, ‘a-lakh-and-a-quarter Khalsa are present’. You ask him how he is, he will reply, ‘the army is well’. For him, hunger is intoxication, a miserable pony an Arab or Iraqi steed…and dying would be proceeding on an expedition.' – ‘Nihangs’, a section in the Encyclopedia of Sikhism, edited by Prof. Harbans Singh and published by Punjabi University, Patiala}}</ref>
|-
|35.
|''lakh netarā''
|blind in one eye
|one with 100,000 eyes
|{{R|name=Madra2016|page=120}}
|-
|36.
|''mast, mastana''
|empty of personal supplies
|in a state of ecstasy, carefree
|{{R|name=Madra2016|page=120}}<ref name=":7" />
|-
|37.
|''savā lakh''
|approach of one Nihang Sikh
|125,000-strong army
|<ref name=":3" />{{R|name=Madra2016|page=120}}<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":8" />
|-
|38.
|
|eating almonds
|eating parched gram
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|39.
|''rupee''
|pebbles
|[[rupee]] currency
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|40.
|
|a quarrelsome woman
|red chilli
|<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Shekhar |title=We are the real heirs of the Sikh shrines and traditions: Baba Santa Singh |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19840815-we-are-the-real-heirs-of-the-sikh-shrines-and-traditions-baba-santa-singh-803744-1984-08-14 |access-date=2023-03-08 |website=India Today |language=en |quote=Over the years as they fought suicidal battles and lived off the jungle in marginal conditions the Nihangs developed their own distinctive lifestyle, mannerisms and even language. To a Nihang even today to answer the call of nature is to "conquer Chittor or Multan", smoking is "kissing a female donkey" and red chilli is "a quarrelsome woman". Also, perhaps because of the harsh lives they were forced to lead the Nihangs were allowed the use of a concoction made of cannabis and dry fruit which they call garamjal (hot water).}}</ref>
|-
|41.
|''garamjal''
|beverage concoction made
of cannabis and hot water
|hot water
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|42.
|
|smoking
|kissing a female donkey
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|43.
|''golee''
|medicinal pill, tablet, or capsule
|bullet
|<ref>{{Cite book |last=Macintyre |first=Donald |title=Hindu-Koh: Wanderings and Wild Sport on and Beyond the Himalayas |publisher=William Blackwood and Sons |year=1889 |pages=279}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Syal |first=Meera |title=Anita and Me |publisher=Fourth Estate |year=1996 |isbn=1565845293 |location=London |pages=111}}</ref>
|-
|44.
|''veer''
|brother
|brave
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|45.
|''fauj''
|oneself
|army
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|46.
|''mithe parshad''
|old bread, leftover [[roti]] or [[chapati]] more than a day-old
|sweet and blessed bread or sacrament
|<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|47.
|''tar pulaw''
|dry meal
|aromatic gravied rice
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|48.
|''[[Langar (Sikhism)|langar]] mast''
|nothing to eat, hunger
|happy time, intoxication
|<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":8" />
|-
|49.
|''chhapa maarna''
|showing up spontaneously to the homes of friends or relatives
|guerilla ambush, surprise attack
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|50.
|''[[Yama|Dharamraj]] di dhee di sewa''
|being ill
|being cared for by the angel of death's daughter
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|51.
|''jān bhai''
|personal horse
|dearest brother, blood brother
|<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|52.
|''[[Pathan]] sira''
|cauliflower
|Afghan head{{Efn|Please see [[Afghan-Sikh Wars]] for background information on historical Afghan-Sikh relations.|name=note 2|group=note}}
|<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" />
|-
|53.
|''chhilad''
|money
|tree bark
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|54.
|
|silk
|[[Jute]] (bast fibre)
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|55.
|''budhiye''
|young damsel
|old lady
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|56.
|''panjwan''
|clarified butter, [[ghee]]
|
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|57.
|''chaiwan''
|cooking oil
|
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|58.
|''chup''
|sugar
|silence
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|59.
|''choona''
|flour
|lime-stone powder
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|60.
|''panj ratnee''
|wine, alcohol
|
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|61.
|''titari''
|[[karela]] (bitter melon or bitter gourd)
|
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|62.
|''karadhee''
|radish
|
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|63.
|''garday''
|rice
|
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|64.
|''samudar''
|milk
|ocean
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|65.
|''kastoora''
|pig
|musk
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|66.
|''kesar''
|turmeric
|saffron
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|67.
|''badam''
|groundnuts, chickpeas, grams
|almonds
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|68.
|''aaracaa''
|horse
|
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|69.
|''harni''
|[[louse]], lice
|
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|70.
|''baaj''
|iron rod
|hawk, falcon
|<ref name=":6" />
|-
|71.
|''bhuchangee, bhuhhangi''
|son
|snake
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|72.
|''aakarhpun''
|fever or bodily illness
|arrogance
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|73.
|
|miserable pony
|Arab or Iraqi steed
|<ref name=":8" />
|-
|74.
|''bata''
|iron bowl
|
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|75.
|''birajkay''
|seated
|holding court
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|76.
|''gurh''
|[[jaggery]] (unrefined cane sugar)
|
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|77.
|''heeray''
|white hairs
|pearls
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|78.
|''hulla''
|hurry
|blast of eastern winds
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|79.
|''jhatanga''
|goat
|
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|80.
|''kulga''
|baldy (bald person)
|
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|81.
|''laraki''
|chilli, spice
|shrew
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|82.
|''mamla''
|money
|revenue
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|83.
|''morcha''
|endeavour
|assault on the enemy
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|84.
|''parsram''
|axe
|
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|85.
|''[[patwari]]''
|Cat
|tax-collector
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|86.
|''bhootni''
|train (rail locomotive)
|[[Bhoot (ghost)|Female ghost]]
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|87.
|''[[subedar]]''
|sweeper
|army sergeant
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|88.
|''theekar''
|body
|shell
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|89.
|''dhokhay baaj''
|spoon
|imposter
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|90.
|''vaheer''
|mobile
|
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|91.
|''ghorrhey''
|jutti shoes
|horses
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|92.
|''[[Shaheed|shaheedi]] maar''
|punishment to the guilty
|a martyr's beating
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|93.
|''sawaayaa''
|A little
|one and a quarter
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|94.
|''haraa pallaa''
|grass
|green rice
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|95.
|''[[Sheesh Mahal]]''
|shanty
|palace of mirrors
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|96.
|''swarag''
|calamity
|heaven
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|97.
|''hazaar mekhee''
|worn-out scarf
|
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|98.
|''gurmukhi parshad''
|coarse grain
|blessed sacrament from the mouth of the Guru
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|99.
|''dabrroo ghusrooh''
|individual lacking in [[Rehat|Sikh conduct]]
|
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|100.
|''Dharamraj di dhee''
|Sleeping
|daughter of the angel of death
|<ref name=":7" />
|-
|101.
|
|blind man
|wide-awake hero
|<ref name=":9">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Teja |url=http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/downloadPdf.jsp?file=BK-005340.pdf&docid=9815 |title=Humour in Sikhism |publisher=The Star Book Depot |year=1929 |edition=2nd |location=Amritsar |pages=6 |language=en |format=PDF}}</ref>
|-
|102.
|
|half-blind man
|argus-eyed lion
|<ref name=":9" />
|-
|103.
|
|deaf man
|man in the upper storey
|<ref name=":9" />
|-
|104.
|
|[[Amrit Sanskar|baptised]] Sikh
|brother of the golden cup (actually an iron vessel)
|<ref name=":9" />
|-
|105.
|
|to be fined by the community for a fault
|getting one's salary
|<ref name=":9" />
|-
|106.
|
|big stick
|lawyer
|<ref name=":9" />
|-
|107.
|
|to speak
|roar
|<ref name=":9" />
|}

== See also ==

* [[Charhdi Kala|Chardi kala]]
* [[Punjabi language]]
* [[Punjabi dialects and languages]]
* [[Sant Bhasha]]

== Further reading ==

* {{Cite book |last=Padam |first=Piara Singh |url=http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/downloadPdf.jsp?file=PL-000723.pdf&docid=40769 |title=Khalsa Bole |year=1985 |language=pa |script-title=pa:ਖਾਲਸਈ ਬੋਲੇ |trans-title=Khalsa language |format=PDF}}
* {{Cite book |last=Bedi |first=Daljit Singh |title=Nihang Singha De Khalsai Gadgaj Bole |language=pa |script-title=pa:ਨਿਹੰਗ ਸਿੰਘਾਂ ਦੇ ਖਾਲਸਾਈ ਗੜਗੱਜ ਬੋਲੇ |trans-title=The Khalsa of the Nihang Singhs roared}}
* {{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Teja |url=http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/downloadPdf.jsp?file=BK-005340.pdf&docid=9815 |title=Humour in Sikhism |publisher=The Star Book Depot |year=1929 |edition=2nd |location=Amritsar |format=PDF}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}
{{reflist|group=note}}

== References ==
<references />
{{Punjabi language topics}}
{{Sikhism}}
[[Category:Languages of India]]
[[Category:Punjabi language]]
[[Category:Punjabi dialects| ]]
[[Category:Greater Punjabi languages and dialects]]
[[Category:History of Sikhism]]
[[Category:Fusional languages]]
[[Category:Punjab]]
[[Category:Punjabi culture]]
[[Category:Tonal languages in non-tonal families]]
[[Category:Nihang| ]]
[[Category:Sikh groups and sects]]
[[Category:Punjabi words and phrases]]

Khalsa bole - Revision history

Adarsh Sachin Pimple at 14:52, 6 January 2023