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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox military installation
|name = Khanderi
|native_name = खांदेरी
|partof = Konkan Coast
|location = [[Raigad District]], [[Maharashtra]]
|image = The Lighthouse, Khanderi Fort.jpg
|caption = Octagonal Lighthouse, Khanderi Fort
|map_type = India Maharashtra
|map_size = 300
|map_alt =
|map_caption = Khanderi shown within [[Maharashtra]]
|type = [[Sea fort]]
|coordinates = {{coord|18.7042|72.8131|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline}}
|code =
|built = {{Start date|1679}}
|builder = [[Shivaji]]
|materials = Basalt stone
|height =
|used =
|demolished =
|condition =
|ownership = Indian Navy
|open_to_public = Yes
|controlledby = {{flagcountry|Maratha Empire}} (1679-1818) 
{{flagcountry|United Kingdom}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg}} [[East India Company]] (1818-1857)
* {{flagicon image|British Raj Red Ensign.svg}} [[British Raj]] (1857-1947)
{{flagcountry|India}} (1947-)
|garrison =
|current_commander =
|commanders =
|occupants =
|battles =
|events =
|image2 =
|caption2 =
}}

'''Khanderi''' (officially ''Kanhoji Angre island'') is an island with a fort, located south of [[Mumbai]], along the coast of [[Maharashtra]], [[India]].

== Location==
Khanderi is located 5 km off the coast of [[Maharashtra]] (off Thal, Kihim) and 20 km south of [[Mumbai]]. Khanderi, along with its sister fort [[Underi]] (Jaidurg) formed the major fortification along the Maharashtra coast, the former falling under Shivaji's control and the latter under his opponents, the Siddis. The island consists of two high hills, one facing north and the other facing south. Initially, the islands of Underi and Khanderi were uninhabited. It contained two wells to supply water to the forces within, and a temple of Sri Betal.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rau|first=Ratnakar|title=Govind, Shivaji's warrior|year=1997|publisher=Orient Longman Limited|location=Hyderabad|isbn=8125007741|page=104|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1MFh_SDhibQC&q=shivaji+daulat+khan+khanderi&pg=RA1-PA104}}</ref> The fort is a restricted area, which falls under the jurisdiction of the [[Indian Navy]].

Additionally, the fort has a few old metal canons, the tomb of Daud Pir,<ref>{{cite web|title=Twin trek to Fort Khanderi|url=http://www.trekmatesindia.com/2013/04/tmi-twin-treks-to-sea-fort-khanderi-and.html#|publisher=Trek Mates India|access-date=10 November 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110092539/http://www.trekmatesindia.com/2013/04/tmi-twin-treks-to-sea-fort-khanderi-and.html|archive-date=10 November 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> a local saint and a musical stone that emits metallic musical notes when struck.<ref>{{cite web|last=Rajendra|first=Mahajan|title=Musical stone at Khanderi Fort|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=27wmuPuVndA |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211220/27wmuPuVndA |archive-date=2021-12-20 |url-status=live|publisher=Video - You Tube|access-date=10 November 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref> There is a one secret way for going on the Kulaba fort of Alibag.

==History==
In 1679, Khanderi was occupied by the forces of Shivaji under the leadership of [[Maynak Bhandari]], who oversaw the building of the fortifying walls.<ref>{{cite web|last=Khond|first=Vishal|title=Trek to Khanderi|url=http://www.trekmatesindia.com/2013/04/tmi-twin-treks-to-sea-fort-khanderi-and.html|publisher=Trek Mates India|access-date=10 November 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110092539/http://www.trekmatesindia.com/2013/04/tmi-twin-treks-to-sea-fort-khanderi-and.html|archive-date=10 November 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Subsequently, Khanderi fort was built during the reign of the [[Maratha]] king [[Shivaji]] Maharaj in 1679 CE<ref name="MaritimeIndian Navy">{{cite book|title=Maritime Heritage of India|year=2016|publisher=Indian Navy|isbn=978-8189884-97-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A1acCwAAQBAJ&q=khanderi&pg=PT112 }}</ref>
to keep a check on the [[Siddi]]s at [[Murud-Janjira]] fort and was the site of many battles between [[Mai Nayak Bhandari|Shivaji's forces]] and the navy of Siddi.<ref>{{cite book|last=Sarkar|first=Jadunath|title=Shivaji and his times|year=2010|publisher=Orient Blackswan|location=Mumbai|isbn=978-8125040262|page=215|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WYFrgILWbIgC&q=shivaji+daulat+khan+khanderi&pg=PA215}}</ref> In 1813 Manaji Angre handed over the fort to Peshve in return of the support given against Baburao.<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite web |last1=PATHAK |first1=ARUNCHANDRA S. |title=Khanderi |url=https://gazetteers.maharashtra.gov.in/cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/KOLABA/places_Khanderi.html |website=www.gazetteers.maharashtra.gov.in/cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/KOLABA/places_Khanderi.html |publisher=Govt. of Maharashtra |access-date=16 May 2020}}</ref>
The fort was subsequently ceded in 1818 to the forces of the [[East India Company|British East India company]] at [[Bombay]] as part of the [[Peshwa|Peshwa territory]]. Most of the fort is still intact, with the most prominent structure being a lighthouse built by the British in June 1867 and the two storey building upon which the lighthouse is located.<ref name="gaz">{{cite book|title=Gazetteer|publisher=Govt. Central Press|year=1883|pages=324–327|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QKJg1dQsk7oC&q=khanderi&pg=PA327|access-date=2009-03-19}}</ref><ref name="dale">{{cite book|last=Hoiberg|first=Dale|author2=Indu Ramchandani |title=Students' Britannica India|publisher=Popular Prakashan|year=2000|pages=401–2|isbn=0-85229-762-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-xzljvnQ1vAC&q=khanderi&pg=PA401|access-date=2009-03-17}}</ref> The lighthouse is 22 feet high and can be seen from up to 13 km away.

In 1998, Khanderi island was renamed Kanhoji Angre Island in honour of the [[Maratha]] Admiral<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/as-nda-cadet-i-was-witness-to-vice-admiral-awatis-kindness/145378/|title=As NDA cadet, I was witness to Vice Admiral Awati's kindness|last=LT GEN K. J.|first=SINGH|website=ThePrint.In|access-date=7 November 2018}}</ref> [[Kanhoji Angre]].

In September 2013, The [[Ministry of Tourism (India)|Indian Ministry of Tourism]] and [[Ministry of Shipping (India)|Ministry of Shipping]] drew up plans to develop Khanderi island and its octagonal [[light house]] as a tourist destination.<ref>{{cite news|last=Sanganee |first=Hemant |title=Welcome to the Kanhoji Island Light House |url=http://dumkhum.com/2013/09/28/welcome-to-the-kanhoji-island-light-house/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131110085943/http://dumkhum.com/2013/09/28/welcome-to-the-kanhoji-island-light-house/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 November 2013 |access-date=10 November 2013 |newspaper=Dumkhum |date=28 September 2013 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Forts in Maharashtra}}

[[Category:Forts in Raigad district]]
[[Category:Islands of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Sea forts]]

Khanderi - Revision history

Bot at 08:17, 1 December 2022