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{{Short description|City in Gujarat, India}}
{{About|the municipality in India|its namesake district|Kheda district}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kheda
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name = city
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = India Gujarat#India3
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|22.75|N|72.68|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Gujarat]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kheda district|Kheda]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 21
| population_total = 102,587
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 387411
| registration_plate = GJ 07
| website = {{URL|khedanagarpalika.com}}
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[English language]]
}}
'''Kheda''', also known as '''Kaira''', is a city and a [[municipality]] in the Indian state of [[Gujarat]]. It was former administrative capital of [[Kheda district]]. India's First Deputy Prime Minister [[Vallabhbhai Patel]] Was Born In [[Kheda District]] of Gujarat State.Kheda city is famous for [[tobacco farming]]. The nearest railway station is {{rws|Mahemadavad Kheda Road}}. Nearest Airport is [[Ahmedabad airport]]. Nearest Bus Station is "Kheda Bus Station".

== History ==
The name Kheda originated from the [[Sanskrit]] term ''Kshetra'' ({{literal translation|land or field}}). Khetaka in used as a name of a region surrounding the place in ancient literature. It is also mentioned as a town from 12th to 17th century. ''Ganapatha'' (dated 2nd century BCE), one of the five volumes of [[Pāṇini]]' s grammar mentions Khetaka as a name of the region. It is also mentioned as Divyanagar in 133rd chapter of ''[[Padma Purana|Padmapurana]]''. The 7th and 8th century copper-plates of [[Maitraka]] dynasty mentions Khetaka as an administrative division as well as there are mentions of it as a place of Brahmin residence and a [[Rashtrakuta]]-controlled town in other copper-plates. There were about 750 villages under that administrative division. It is also mentioned in Nimbavati story of ''[[Dashakumaracharita]]'', ''[[Acharanga Sutra]]'', [[Merutunga]]'s ''Prabandhachintamani'' (1305 CE), ''[[Puratana Prabandha Sangraha|Puratana-prabandha-sangraha]]'' (before 15th century, multiple authors) and Jinaprabha's ''[[Vividha Tirtha Kalpa|Vividh-tirtha-kalpa]]'' (c. 1332 CE).<ref name=":GVK">{{Cite book|title=ગુજરાતી વિશ્વકોશ|last=Rajgor|first=Shivprasad|publisher=Gujarati Vishwakosh Trust, Ahmedabad|year=1993|editor-last=Thaker|editor-first=Dhirubhai|editor-link=Dhirubhai Thaker|volume=V|location=[[Ahmedabad]]|pages=846–847|trans-title=Gujarati Encyclopedia|language=gu|oclc=164915270}}</ref>

It was under [[Chaulukya dynasty|Chaulukya]] and [[Vaghela dynasty|Vaghela]] dynasties from 10th to the start of the 14th century. It was brought under [[Gujarat Sultanate]] then.<ref name=":GVK"/> The town of Kheda passed to the [[Babi Dynasty]] (of [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] descent) early in the eighteenth century, with whom it remained until 1763, when it was taken by the [[Maratha]]s under [[Damaji Rao Gaekwad|Damajirao Gaekwad]]. Mahmad Khan Babi built its fort.<ref name=":GVK"/> The Marathas under [[Anand Rao Gaekwad|Anandrao Gaekwad]] ceded the district to the [[East India Company|British]] in 1803, and it became part of the [[Bombay Presidency]] of [[British India]].<ref name=":GVK"/> Nevertheless Kaira was still entitled, at least in 1901, to a tribute of 488 Rupees from the [[Koli people|Koli]] petty [[princely state]] of [[Ghorasar]]. Kheda was a large military station until 1830, when the cantonment was removed to [[Deesa]]. [[Brahmin]] established many villages in the Kheda District area, as did Jats and other groups.

Kheda is also where [[Mahatma Gandhi]] launched, starting March 1919, the [[Kheda Satyagraha|Satyagraha]] struggle against oppressive taxation by the British during a time of famine.

The Babi family which ruled Kheda shifted to [[Khambat]] and now most of that family lives in [[Ahmedabad]]. The last head of the Kheda family, Sahibzada Ahmed Siddique Hussain khanji Dilawar khanji Babi, was married to Bima Rahim sultana bakhte babi sahiba of [[Junagarh State]], and issued a daughter named Bima Nasreen sultana bakhte Babi, who is married to Sahibzada Anis Muhammad khanji babi of Devgam A house of [[Junagadh state]].

== Koli Rebellion Of Kheda ==
The '''Koli Rebellion Of Kheda''' was raised by koli [[Patel]]s and koli [[Thakor]]s against [[East India Company]] in 1803. The EIC claimed the kheda and surrounding villages and made his rules for peoples. But kolis refused to obey their rules. Koli chiefs (Thakors and Patels) declared the end of Company rule. First koli chiefs filed petitions in Court of Law in Kheda stating that Company government have no authority over kolis but koli chiefs were ignored. The koli chiefs started raiding and plundering the British territories. In 1808, koli chieftains started raids in cities and villages, stealing the crops, animals and other possessions. The town of [[Dholka Taluka]] was main target of kolis. The armed kolis numbering one hundred and fifty attacks at dholka and respectfully returned into their villages. East India Company was unable to control the raids of koli chiefs.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=06cwDwAAQBAJ&q=kheda+kolis&pg=PA31|title=Peasant Pasts: History and Memory in Western India|last=Chaturvedi|first=Vinayak|date=2007-06-19|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=9780520250789|language=en}}</ref>

== Geography ==
Kheda is located at {{Coord|22.75|N|72.68|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/9/Kheda.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Kheda]</ref> It has an average elevation of 21 metres (68 feet). Kheda is on the banks of [[Vatrak river|Vatrak]] and Shedhi rivers.<ref name=":GVK"/>

== Population ==
=== Demographics ===
{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Kheda had a population of 27000. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Kheda has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 77%, and female literacy is 63%. In Kheda, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.

=== Castes and Clans ===
The clans of Jats in Gujarat are similar to those of Jats of North India. The following clans are found in the Kheda District. The way they are written in Gujarati is given in brackets.<ref name="bharat">VP Desai's book "Bharat ke Chaudhary" (Bharatna Anjana)</ref> Kheda District is one of few districts in Gujarat with a Jat population ([[Banaskantha district|Banas Kantha]], [[Mehsana]], [[Sabar Kantha]], [[Kutchh]], etc.)<ref name="jat_veer_smarika_1992">Mahaveer Singh Verma: Jat Veer Smarika 1992 – "Jat Samaj Ahmedabad"</ref>

* Chauhan, Chawan, Chahar (Chauhan)<ref name="jat_veer_smarika_1992"/>
* Gaur, Goru (Gaur, Gor)<ref name="jat_veer_smarika_1992"/>
* Godara-Godha (Goda)<ref name="jat_veer_smarika_1992"/>
* Gulia (Galia)<ref name="jat_veer_smarika_1992"/>
* Maan (Manar)<ref name="jat_veer_smarika_1992"/>
[[Jain]] Religion is Most developed in Kheda.
Rajputs in this District are usually of the [[Chauhan]] clan. Rajputs have had a huge influence in this area as in the state of Gujarat in general. There are Vohra/Vora Gujjar populations also.

Many of the villages have names based on the clans of Jats who inhabited them, including :
* Sunda (jat)
* Odasi (jat)
* Narwar (jat)
* Pichkya (jat)

== Visiting Places==
There is one temple of Meldi Mata in Kheda, which holds an annual fair in February. Around 100,000 people visit Kheda for this event. Mahalaxmi Mata Mandir and Khediya Hanuman, Mankameshwar Mahadev, Somnath temple and Jain temples are places of interest. There is one 250 years of [[Haveli]].<ref name=":GVK" />

Bhidbhanjan Amizara Jain Mota Derasar is an ancient Jain tirtha, which is well visited.

Next to Kheda Vitthalpura Village Siddhnath Mahadev Temple Hindu Temple.
There Are Many Places to Visiting in Kheda.

==Economy==
[[Tobacco]] farming is widespread.

==Transport==
The city is {{convert|35|km}} from [[Ahmedabad]]. The National Highway No. 48 (formally NH 8 )connecting [[Ahmedabad]] and [[Mumbai]] passes through Kheda. The nearest railway station is {{rws|Mahemadavad Kheda Road}}. All Types Of state Bus and Local Transporter are available.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Kheda district]]

Kheda - Revision history

UpdateBot at 12:58, 4 April 2022