https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Khusrau_MalikKhusrau Malik - Revision history2026-07-31T16:38:58ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Khusrau_Malik&diff=232396&oldid=prev->ThatDohDude at 19:02, 31 October 20212021-10-31T19:02:27Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Infobox monarch<br />
| name = Khusrau Malik<br/>ابوالمظفر خسروملک بن خسروشاه<br />
| title = [[Sultan]] of the [[Ghaznavids|Ghaznavid Empire]]<br />
| image =<br />
| caption = <br />
| reign = 1160&nbsp;– 1186<br />
| predecessor = [[Khusrau Shah of Ghazna|Khusrau Shah]]<br />
| successor = [[Ghurid dynasty|Ghurid]] rule<br />
| royal house =<br />
| father = [[Khusrau Shah of Ghazna|Khusrau Shah]]<br />
| birth_date =<br />
| birth_place = <br />
| death_date = after 1186<br />
| death_place = [[Ghur]]<br />
| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Abu'l-Muzaffar Khusrau Malik ibn Khusrau-Shah''' ({{lang-fa|ابوالمظفر خسروملک بن خسروشاه}}), better simply known as '''Khusrau Malik''' ({{lang|fa|خسرو ملک}}; also spelled '''Khosrow'''), was the last [[Sultan]] of the [[Ghaznavids|Ghaznavid Empire]], ruling from 1160 to 1186. He was the son and successor of [[Khusrau Shah of Ghazna|Khusrau Shah]] (r. 1157-1160).<br />
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==Reign==<br />
In 1161/2, a group of [[Oghuz Turks]] seized the Ghaznavid capital of Ghazna, forcing Khusrau Malik to retreat to [[Lahore]], which became his new capital. From there he made incursions into northern [[India]], expanding his rule as far as southern [[Kashmir]]. He also created an alliance with the Indian Khokar tribe. In 1170, Khusrau (or one of his commanders) invaded the southern part of the [[Ganges]].<br />
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In 1178 the [[Ghurid]] ruler [[Muhammad of Ghor|Mu'izz al-Din Muhammad]] invaded the southern part of Ghaznavid [[Punjab]] and reached as far as [[Gujarat]]. In 1179/80 he seized [[Peshawar]], and by 1181/2 swept around Lahore, but Khusrau Malik managed to keep him from the city by paying him. However, Lahore was finally captured by the Ghurids in 1186, while Khusrau-Malik and his son Bahram-Shah were taken to [[Ghur]] and imprisoned, marking the end of the Ghaznavid Empire.<br />
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==Sources==<br />
* {{cite book | title = The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol periods | year = 1968 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | editor-last = Frye | editor-first = R. N. | last = Bosworth | first = C. E. | author-link = C. E. Bosworth | chapter = The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000–1217) | pages = 1–202 | isbn = 0-521-06936-X | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=16yHq5v3QZAC&pg=PA1}}<br />
* {{cite encyclopedia | article = The Encyclopedia of Islam, VII | last = Bosworth | first = C. E. | encyclopedia = The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. VII | publisher = Brill | location = | year = 1993 | isbn = 90-04-09419-9 | pages = 1–1056 | url = https://archive.org/stream/EncyclopaediaDictionaryIslamMuslimWorldEtcGibbKramerScholars.13/07.EncycIslam.NewEdPrepNumLeadOrient.EdEdComCon.BosDonLewPel.etc.UndPatIUA.v7.Mif-Naz.Leid.EJBrill.1993.#page/n1/mode/2up}}<br />
*{{cite encyclopedia | last = Bosworth | first = C. E | title = The Later Ghaznavids: Splendour and Decay: The Dynasty in Afghanistan and Northern India 1040-1186 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=YhHVPQAACAAJ&q=The+Later+Ghaznavids | year = 1995 | encyclopedia = | isbn = 9788121505772 | access-date = 17 May 2014}}<br />
* {{cite encyclopedia | article = GHAZNAVIDS | last = Bosworth | first = C. Edmund | author-link = C. Edmund Bosworth | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ghaznavids | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-link = | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. X, Fasc. 6 | pages = 578–583 | location = London et al. | publisher = | year = 2001 | isbn = }}<br />
* {{cite encyclopedia | article = ḴOSROW MALEK | last = Bosworth | first = C. Edmund | author-link = C. Edmund Bosworth | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kosrow-malek | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-link = | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica | pages = | location = | publisher = | year = 2013 | isbn = }}<br />
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{{s-start}}<br />
{{s-hou|[[House of Sabuktegin]]||?||12th-century}}<br />
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{{s-bef|before=[[Khusrau Shah of Ghazna|Khusrau Shah]]}}<br />
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ghaznavids#List of rulers|Sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire]]|years=1160 - 1186}}<br />
{{s-aft|after=[[Ghurid dynasty|Ghurid]] rule}}<br />
{{s-end}}<br />
{{Ghaznavid sultans}}<br />
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[[Category:Ghaznavid rulers]]<br />
[[Category:12th-century deaths]]<br />
[[Category:12th-century births]]</div>->ThatDohDude