https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Kifayatullah_DehlawiKifayatullah Dehlawi - Revision history2026-07-31T23:50:47ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Kifayatullah_Dehlawi&diff=237350&oldid=prev->Ainty Painty at 05:49, 21 September 20212021-09-21T05:49:05Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Distinguish|Kifayatullah}}<br />
{{Short description|Indian Islamic scholar (1875–1952)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
|name = Kifayatullah Dehlawi<br />
|honorific_prefix = [[Mufti-e-Azam]] ([[Grand Mufti of India]])<br />
|office1= 1st & 3rd President of [[Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]]<br />
|term_start1= November 1919<br />
|term_end1= November 1920<br />
|predecessor1 = "position established"<br />
|successor1= [[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]]<br />
|term_start2= 30 November 1920<br />
|term_end2= 7 June 1940<br />
|predecessor2 = Mahmud Hasan Deobandi<br />
|successor2 = [[Hussain Ahmed Madani]]<br />
|office3= 2nd Rector of [[Madrasa Aminia]]<br />
|term_start3= "unknown"<br />
|term_end3= 31 December 1952<br />
|predecessor3 = Amin al-Din Dehlawi<br />
|successor3= [[Ahmad Saeed Dehlavi]]<br />
|module = {{Infobox religious biography|embed = yes|religion=Islam<br />
| birth_date = 1875<br />
| birth_place = [[Shahjahanpur]], [[North-Western Provinces]], [[British India]]<br />
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1952|12|31|1875}}<br />
| death_place = [[Delhi]], [[India]]<br />
| nationality = {{Flag|British India|name=British Indian}} (1875-1947)<br>{{Flag|India|name=Indian}} (1947-1952)<br />
| denomination = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]<br />
| jurisprudence = [[Hanafi]]<br />
| creed = [[Maturidi]]<br />
| movement = [[Deobandi]]<br />
| alma_mater = {{bulleted list|Madrasah I'zaziyah, [[Shahjahanpur]]|[[Madrasa Shahi]]|[[Darul Uloom Deoband]]}}<br />
| notable_works = ''Ta'limul-Islam'', ''Kifāyat al-Mufti''<br />
| influences = [[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]]<br />
|children = [[Hafizur Rahman Wasif Dehlavi]] (son)<br />
}}}}<br />
'''Kifayatullah Dehlawi''' (also known as '''Mufti Kifayatullah'''; c. 1875{{spaced ndash}}c. 31 December 1952), was an Indian [[Islamic scholar]] and a [[Hanafi]] jurist, who served as the first president of the [[Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]], and the second rector of the [[Madrasa Aminia]]. He was regarded as the [[Grand Mufti of India]].<ref name="oriental">{{cite book |title=Mufti Azam Hind, Maulana Kifayatyullah Shahjahanpuri Thumma Dehlawi |publisher=[[Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library]] |edition=2005}}</ref><ref name="azam">{{cite web |title=Mufti Kifayatullah |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/jspui/bitstream/10603/245048/7/07%20chapter%203.pdf |website=shodhganga |access-date=26 March 2020}}</ref><br />
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He was a founding member of [[Jamia Millia Islamia]], New Delhi, and was on its foundation committee, which was headed by [[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]].<ref name="najeeb">{{cite web |title=جامعہ میں آر ایس ایس کے اندریش کُمار کا گوشت سے متعلق جھوٹا بیان |author = Mohammad Najeeb Qasmi |author-link = Mohammad Najeeb Qasmi |url=http://www.najeebqasmi.com/articles/urdu-articles/158-miscelleneous-masail/2183-2018-01-10-13-46-52 |website=najeebqasmi.com |access-date=26 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="oriental"/><ref name="shodh">{{cite web |title=About Mufti Kifayatullah |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/jspui/bitstream/10603/245048/7/07%20chapter%203.pdf |website=ShodhGanga |access-date=26 March 2020 |pages=90–91}}</ref><br />
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==Lineage==<br />
Dehlawi’s family had shifted from [[Bhopal]] to [[Shahjahanpur]]. Dehlawi‘s father, Inayatullah, had four sons and two daughters and was poor.<ref name="oriental" /><br />
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==Early life==<br />
Kifayatullah ibn Inayatullah ibn Faidhullah ibn Khairullah ibn 'Ibadullah Dehlvi was born in [[Shahjahanpur]], a district in [[Uttar Pradesh]], India in 1875.<ref name="mahbub">{{cite book |author1=Maulana Syed Mehboob Rizwi |author-link=Syed Mehboob Rizwi |translator=Prof. Murtaz Husain F. Quraishi |title=History of The [[Darul Uloom Deoband|Dar al-Ulum Deoband]] (Volume 2) |publisher=Idara-e-Ehtemam, [[Darul Uloom Deoband|Dar al-Ulum Deoband]] |pages=53–55 |edition=1981 |language=en}}</ref> At the age of five, he commenced his education at the ''maktab'' of Hafiz Barakatullah. There, he completed the Qur'an and obtained instruction in [[Urdu]] and elementary [[Persian language|Persian]] from Nasimullah. Thereafter, he enrolled at Madrasa 'Azeeziya. There, he completed his [[Persia]]n studies, studying the most advanced ''kitab'' of Persian, ''Sikandar Naama'', and commenced his Arabic studies under Budhun Khan. Then, Dehlawi was sent with a letter of recommendation from his teacher, 'Ubaidul Haq, to the administrator of the Madrasa 'Arabiya at Shahi Masjid in [[Muradabad]]. He was admitted and remained at the residence of Muhammad Isma'il. Since his father was poor, Dehlawi covered his educational expenses by weaving and selling ''topis''. He studied there for two years. Dehlawi then enrolled at [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] in 1895. Because of his memory and intelligence, he did not exert as much effort, but quickly overtook his classmates and earned the highest marks on his examinations. He completed his studies at Darul Uloom Deoband in 1898<ref name="mahbub"/> at the age of twenty-two.<ref name="oriental" /><br />
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==Career==<br />
After graduating, Dehlawi spent time in [[Delhi]] with his close friend, Aminuddin. Then, he returned to [[Shahjahanpur]], where his former teacher, 'Ubaidul Haq, had founded Madrasa 'Ainul 'Ilm. Dehlawi became a teacher there and handled the secretarial and administrative duties. Dehlawi also taught Arabic and [[Persian language|Persian]]. His salary was fifteen rupees per month. Along with his duties as a teacher and administrator, Dehlawi started to answer fatwas during this period. In his answer to each fatwa, Dehlawi was meticulous and cautious and would answer with well-written evidence. While at Madrasa 'Ainul 'Ilm, Dehlawi also started a monthly periodical, ''Al Burhan'', in response to the [[Ahmadis]]. The first issue was published in Sha'baan of 1321 AH and made an attempt to refute Ahmadi beliefs.<ref name="oriental" /><br />
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Around this time, Madrasa 'Ainul 'Ilm’s finances started to deteriorate. Thus, in 1321 AH, the teachers' salaries were reduced. Dehlawi’s salary was reduced from eighteen to sixteen rupees per month. However, he remained at Madrasa 'Ainul 'Ilm for five more years until the death of his teacher, 'Ubaidul Haq Khan. Thereafter, Dehlawi moved to [[Delhi]] and became a teacher at [[Madrasa Aminia]]. Besides teaching [[hadith]] and answering fatwas, Dehlawi managed the organizational affairs of the [[madrasa]]. His salary was twenty rupees per month.{{fact|date=June 2021}}<br />
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The courts of law benefited from his presence as well. After his arrival at Madrasa Aminia, Dehlawi commenced a step-by-step implementation of beneficial reforms to the educational structure of the [[madrasa]]. Then, in 1328 AH, he initiated an assembly called ''Anjuman Islahul Kalaam''. The purpose of this gathering was to teach students how to deliver speeches and debate. Every eighth day, each student had to deliver a speech or engage in a dialogue and Dehlawi would help. This assembly was successful in its aim, but was eventually ended due to a lack of participation. After fifty years, Dehlawi had answered hundreds of thousands of ''[[fataawa]]'' and his rulings are a treasure to [[fiqh]]. The fatwas of Dehlawi were extremely concise yet full of well-written evidence. His fatwas were always answered according to the intent of the questioner. It was for this reason that he was renowned among common folk as well as the officials of the courts of law, who would prefer his rulings in religious cases.<ref name="oriental" /><br />
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He was appointed the first president of the [[Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]], a position he served until 1940.<ref name="asir">{{Cite book|title=Tazkirah Mashāhīr-e-Hind: Karwān-e-Rafta|author=Asir Adrawi|author-link=Asir Adrawi|chapter=Mawlāna Mufti Kifayatullah Dehlawi|pages= 217|location=[[Deoband]]|publisher= Darul Moallifeen |language=ur |edition = 2nd, April 2016}}</ref> He also drafted a fatwa recommending a boycott of British goods which was signed by around 500 Muslims scholars.<ref name="juipk">{{cite web |title=حضرت مولانا مفتی کفایت اللہ دہلوی |url=https://juipak.org.pk/%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85-%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7-%DA%A9%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81-%D8%AF%DB%81%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%92/ |website=juipak.org.pk |access-date=26 March 2020}}</ref><br />
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==Literary career==<br />
From an early age, Dehlawi enjoyed reading and writing. His first major endeavour was the magazine, ''Al Burhan'', which he wrote in refutation of the [[Ahmadi]] beliefs.<ref name="mahbub" /> His second major work was an Arabic poem, ''Raudur Rayyaahin'', published in 1909. It was first presented at the annual convention of Madrasa Aminia in 1908. The eloquence and grandeur of the poem was such that Dehlawi was requested to and produced an [[Urdu]] translation with footnotes, providing more details than and explaining difficult words from the original. Dehlawi’s most renowned publication is ''Ta'limul Islam'', four volumes of questions and answers for children in simple language. Dehlawi wrote other religious books which are no longer available. He actually produced few works because his teaching, political activities, domestic activities, and answering fatwas busied him to such an extent that he had no time to write.<ref name="oriental" /><br />
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==Final years and death==<br />
During his final years, due to what he saw as the deterioration of morality in society, clashes between [[Hindus]] and [[Muslims]], and other reasons, Dehlawi withdrew from politics and became reclusive, not even giving public comment.{{Citation needed|date=June 2020}}<br />
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In his final months he suffered severe liver illness, despite medical treatment. On 31 December 1952, he died at the age of 77. He was buried near [[Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki]], in [[Mehrauli]], [[Delhi]]. His funeral was attended by 100,000 people.<ref name="shodh" /><br />
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==Students==<br />
Dehlawi‘s students include [[Muhammad Taqi Amini]], [[Izaz Ali Amrohi]].<ref name="shodh" /><ref name="mahbub" /> Hazrat Molana Allah Yar Khan, Chakrala Pakistan<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==Bibliography==<br />
* {{cite book | last=Maclean | first=D.N. | last2=Ahmed | first2=S.K. | title=Cosmopolitanisms in Muslim Contexts: Perspectives from the Past | publisher=Edinburgh University Press | series=Edinburgh University Press Series | year=2012 | isbn=978-0-7486-4456-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QaDrAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA170 | access-date=1 August 2016 | page=170}}<br />
* {{cite book | last=Shibly | first=A.H. | title=Abdul Matin Chaudhury (1895-1948): Trusted Lieutenant of Mohammad Ali Jinnah | publisher=Juned A. Choudhury | year=2011 | isbn=978-984-33-2323-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ua3y6g7IHMAC&pg=PA59 | access-date=1 August 2016 | page=59}}<br />
* {{cite book | last=Shinde | first=P.K. | title=Dalits and Human Rights: Dalits: the broken future | publisher=Isha Books | series=Dalits and Human Rights | year=2005 | isbn=978-81-8205-274-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xFw6aBjJOKsC&pg=PA259 | access-date=1 August 2016 | page=259}}<br />
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{{Hanafi scholars}}<br />
{{Maturidi}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mufti Kifayatullah Dehlavi}}<br />
[[Category:1875 births]]<br />
[[Category:1952 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Hanafis]]<br />
[[Category:Maturidis]]<br />
[[Category:Deobandis]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]<br />
[[Category:Indian Muslim scholars of Islam]]<br />
[[Category:Grand Muftis of India]]<br />
[[Category:Students of Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]]<br />
[[Category:Founders of Indian schools and colleges]]<br />
[[Category:Founders of Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]]<br />
[[Category:Presidents of Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]]</div>->Ainty Painty