Shirttheory at 01:13, 28 April 2026

2026-04-28T01:13:19Z

New page

{{Short description|Former monarchy in India (1090–1948)}}
{{About|the kingdom in Saurashtra called the Kingdom of Jhalavad|the natural and historical region|Jhalawad (region)}}
{{redirect|Jhalawad State|For the state present in hadoti region|Jhalawar State}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}
{{Infobox former country
| conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Jhalavad
| common_name = Jhalavad
| nation =
| subdivision =
| capital = {{plainlist|* [[Patdi]] (1090–1304) [[Santalpur]] (1304–1325) [[Patdi]] (1325–1413) [[Mandal, Gujarat|Mandal]] (1413–1425) Kuva-Kanakavati (1425–1488) [[Halvad]] (1488–1735) [[Dhrangadhra]] (1735–1949)}}
| era =
| year_start = 1090
| date_start =
| title_deputy = [[Dewan]]
| year_deputy1 = 1894–1898
| deputy1 = Govindram Sawailal (''first'')
| year_deputy2 = 1945–1948
| deputy2 = G.R. Raddi (''last'')
| event_start = Established as a vassal kingdom under [[Solanki dynasty]]
| status = Vassal under [[Chaulukya dynasty]] (1090–1244) [[Sovereign State]] (1244–1808) [[Princely state]] (1858–1948)
| year_end = 1949
| date_end =
| event_end = Accession to the [[India|Indian union]]
| event1 =
| date_event1 =
| p1 = Solanki dynasty
| s1 = Limbdi State{{!}}'''1500:''' Limbdi State
| flag_p1 =
| flag_p2 = Lakhtarflag.png
| p2 = Lakhtar State{{!}}'''1943:''' Lakhtar State
| flag_p3 = Muli Flag.png
| p3 = Muli State
| flag_p4 = Chuda coa.png
| p4 = Chuda State
| p5 = Sayla
| p6 = Ramparda
| p7 = Munjpur
| flag_s1 = Limbdi State CoA.jpg
| flag_s2 = Lakhtarflag.png
| s2 = Lakhtar State{{!}}'''1604:''' Lakhtar State
| flag_s3 = Flag of Wankaner State.png
| s3 = Wankaner State{{!}}'''1620:''' Wankaner State
| flag_s4 = Wadhwan flag.svg
| s4 = Wadhwan State{{!}}'''1630:''' Wadhwan State
| flag_s5 = Flag of India.svg
| s5 = India{{!}}'''1948:''' India
| image_flag = Flag of Dhrangadhra 1911-1946.jpg
| image_coat = Dhrangadhra.jpg
| other_symbol = [[File:Dhrangadhra-Emblem-of-Raj-of-Dhrangadhra.png|Emblem of Dhrangadhra State|120px]]
| other_symbol_type = Emblem
| national_motto = {{plain list|
*Anatha Vajrapanjaro Mama Bahuh
*''"My Arm Protects the Defenceless"''}}
| anthem = {{plain list|
*Sri-Sakti-Prasadana Jayatu Sri-Rajah Sukhino Bhavatu Dhararyah
*''"The Noble King be the Conqueror by the Favour of Sri Sakti, the Noble Dara be Happy"''}}
| image_map = Kathiawar map.jpg
| image_map2 =
| image_map_caption = Jhalavad in kathiawad
| image_map2_caption =
| title_leader = [[Rana (title)|Maharana Raj Sahib]]
| year_leader1 = 1090–1126
| leader1 = Harpaldev (''first'')
| year_leader2 = 1942–1948
| leader2 = [[Meghrajji III]] (''last'')
| stat_area1 = 13,800
| stat_year1 = 1090
| today = [[India]]
| footnotes = {{URL|http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_princes_A-J.html}}
| native_name = Dharangadhra State Halvad-Dhrangadhra State
| demonym =
| government_type = [[Absolute monarchy]]
| stat_area2 = 3023
| stat_area3 = 4800
| stat_year2 = 1892
| stat_year3 = 1943<ref>{{Cite book |last=Steinberg |first=S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TY3JDQAAQBAJ&dq=mayurdhwajsinhji+kcie&pg=PA162 |title=The Statesman's Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1948 |date=2016-12-23 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-27077-0 |language=en}}</ref>
| stat_pop2 = 100,000
| stat_pop3 = 170,563
| flag_caption = Top: Flag of Dhrangadhra State (1911-1946) Bottom: Flag of Dhrangadhra State (1946-49)
| image_flag2 = Drapeau Dhrangadhra.png
}}

The '''Kingdom of Jhalavad''' was a [[Monarchy|kingdom]] present in the [[Kathiawar]] region of [[Gujarat]]. The kingdom came to be known as the '''Dhrangadhra State''' after it became a [[13-gun salute]] ([[15-guns salute|15-guns personal]]) [[princely state]] in the nineteenth century. The town of [[Dhrangadhra]] served as its capital.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Mayne |first=C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JBU-AQAAMAAJ |title=History of the Dhrangadhra State |date=1921 |publisher=Thacker, Spink |language=en}}</ref> It was also known as '''Halvad-Dhrangadhra State'''. [[Halvad]] once had been the capital of this state.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gujarat |first=India (Republic) Superintendent of Census Operations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yKoWAQAAMAAJ&q=HALVAD+STATE |title=Surendranagar |date=1964 |publisher=Director, Government Print. and Stationery, Gujarat State |language=en}}</ref> It was ruled by the [[Jhala (clan)|Jhala]] clan of [[Rajput]]s.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bond |first1=J. W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=47sfj8DUwNgC&dq=dhrangadhra+state+established&pg=PA387 |title=Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey |last2=Wright |first2=Arnold |date=2006 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=978-81-206-1965-4 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Jain-Neubauer |first=Jutta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=61fSwBF4bbYC&dq=dhrangadhra+state+established&pg=PA44 |title=The Stepwells of Gujarat: In Art-historical Perspective |date=1981 |publisher=Abhinav Publications |isbn=978-0-391-02284-3 |language=en}}</ref>

== History ==
=== Early history ===
The state was founded as '''Jhalawad/Zalawad''' in 1090 by Rajput ruler Harpal Makwana who led the Jhalas (or Makawanas) from Sindh to Patdi in North Gujarat establishing Kingdom of Jhalavad.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singhji |first=Virbhadra |url=https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/The_Rajputs_of_Saurashtra/NYK7ZSpPzkUC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Harpal+Makwana&pg=PA30&printsec=frontcover |title=The Rajputs of Saurashtra |date=1994 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7154-546-9 |language=en |quote="In the 11th century, Harpal Makwana led the Jhalas (or Makawanas) from Sindh to Patdi in North Gujarat. His descendants subsequently established a small principality at Halwad."|pages=30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-07-03 |title=Monuments of the Makwanas of Kerti |url=https://www.thefridaytimes.com/2020/07/03/monuments-of-the-makwanas-of-kerti/ |access-date=2026-04-28 |website=The Friday Times |language=en |quote='"Kesar Makwano stole the horses of Hamir Soomro and distributed them among his people as wished by his father. After that he also took the camels of Hamir Soomro. On this occasion, Hamir Soomro invaded Kertigad and burnt the town. Kesar Makwano was killed in 1089 AD, fighting Hamir Soomro It is said that seven of Kesar Makwano's ten sons were also killed in the battle, and another two were wounded. The eldest son, Harpal Makwano was unhurt. He fled to Gujarat and took refuge at the court of King Karan Solanki (1064-1094 AD). In fact, Karan Solanki later utilized him in subjugating the turbulent tribes in Saurashtra. He succeeded in subduing them. Harpal Makwano Rajput was granted five hundred villages by Karan Solanki which later came to be called Jhalwar/Jhalward. The Jhala (also called Zala) claim their ancestry from Harpal Makwano and his wife Shakti De who was from the Solanki caste. According to legend Shakti De, the wife of Harpal Makwano rescued her three sons – Sodhoji (d.1160 AD), Manguji and Shekhraji from a wild elephant. Later their descendants assumed the sub-clan name Jhala, also called Zala, meaning "to seize or snatch up Thus the Jhalas are the progeny of Harpal Makwano Rajput (d. 1130 AD) and Shakti De (d. 1105 AD).}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Vadivelu |first=A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LfoxAQAAMAAJ&q=dhrangadhra+established |title=The Ruling Chiefs, Nobles and Zamindars of India |date=1915 |publisher=G.C. Loganadham |language=en}}</ref> He was succeeded by his son Sodhoji, who was appointed 'Mahamandaleshwara' (the great provincial Governor) by [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Gujarat (India) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jiUbAAAAIAAJ |title=Gujarat State Gazetteers: Surendranagar District |date=1977 |publisher=Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Gujarat State |pages=93 |language=en}}</ref> Sodhoji succeeded by his son, Durjansalji, who was appointed as ''Grihadyaksha'' (guard of the queen [[Naiki Devi|Naikidevi]] and the two infant sons [[Mularaja II|Mulraja]] and Bhim), ''Ran-su-ran'' (chief of nobles) and ''Mahamandaleshwara'' of the [[Chaulukya dynasty]] by [[Ajayapala (Chaulukya dynasty)|Ajaypala Solanki]], he fought the [[Battle of Kasahrada]] on behalf of young [[Mularaja]] and defeated the Ghurids led by [[Muhammad Ghuri]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Mayne |first=C. |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.25904/page/n73/mode/1up?q=Durjansalji |title=History of the dhrangadhra state |date=1921 |publisher=Thacker, Spink and Co, Calcutta}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

Santaldev found a new capital [[Santalpur]] in 1304, named after him.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gujarat (India) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jiUbAAAAIAAJ |title=Gujarat State Gazetteers: Surendranagar District |date=1977 |publisher=Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Gujarat State |pages=93 |language=en |quote=...Santalji . Santalji founded the town of Santalpur in north Gujarat, ( now in Banas Kantha district ) ...}}</ref>

Ranmalsinhji I resigned from 1392-1408, he was imprisoned by the [[Rathore dynasty|Rathores of Barmer]] in Kotra fort, released by his son Shatrusal dev who brought a large army with him in 1394, later he ploughed up entire kotra with large number of donkeys and burnt down entire Kotra Barmer. Ranmal Sinh I was succeeded by his son Shatrusaldev (also called Satarsalji and Sultanji) in 1408. Shatrushaldev shifted his capital to [[Mandal, Gujarat|Mandal]]. As mentioned in Mirat-i-Sikandri and [[Tabaqat-i-Akbari|Tabakát-i-Akbari]] rebelled 3 times against the [[Gujarat Sultanate|Sultan of Gujarat]], [[Ahmad Shah I|Ahmed Shah I]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |last=Watson |first=John Whaley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JIEoAAAAYAAJ&q=Satars%C3%A1lji+ruled+from+1408+to+1420.+He+was+a+renowned+chieftain+and+made+his+capital+at+Mandal.+It+is+said+that+in+revenge+for+the+treachery+practised+onhis+father%2C+he+ploughed+up+the+site+of+B%C3%A1rmer+Kotd%C3%A1+with+donkeys.+Satars%C3%A1lji+rebelled+three+times+against+S%C3%BAlt%C3%A1n+Ahmad+Shah+of+Gujarat%2C+and+was+three+times+reduced+%3B+he+is+mentioned+in+both+the+Mirat-i-Sikandri+and+Tabak%C3%A1t-i-Akbari.+He+was+also+called+S%C3%BAlt%C3%A1nji%2C+and+founded+the+village+of+S%C3%BAlt%C3%A1np%C3%BAr.+ |title=Statistical Account of Dhrángadhrá: Being the Dhrángadhrá Contribution to the Káthiáwár Portion of the Bombay Gazetteer |date=1878 |publisher=Education Society's Press, Byculla |pages= |language=en |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ahmad Khwajah Nizamuddin |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.2533 |title=The Tabaqat-i-akbari Vol-iii |date=1939}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sikandar |url=http://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.04446 |title=Mirati sikandari |date=1944 |publisher=The Education Society, Dharampur}}</ref>

===''Kuva-no-Ker''===
In 1486, [[Muzaffar Shah II|Khalil Khan]] marched against Rana Vaghoji, as he was rebellious. A battle took place between them near Saidpur, 6 km north of [[Dhrangadhra]] where Jhalas gained a decisive victory and [[Muzaffar Shah II|Khalil Khan]] was captured, later released. [[Mahmud Begada]] accordingly marched towards Kuva (now Kankavati), the capital of Jhalas then. Rana Vaghoji assembled his vassals in his fort and prepared for battle. During the battle Rana Vaghoji's flag fell and his Rani's misunderstood that he is no more. So Vaghoji's 8 queens along with 750 women committed [[Jauhar|Jal Jauhar]] by jumping into a well.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="McLeod2017" />
[[File:Rajput-queens-sacrifice-themselves-at-Kuva-1486.png|thumb|Jal Jauhar of Rana Vaghji's queens at Kuva, 1486]]
Rana Vaghoji on knowing that his all his wives committed [[Jauhar]], full of grief decided to die in the battlefield with his men. On Rana Vaghoji's death, Mahmud Begada sacked and destroyed the fort of Kuva, the day is known as ''Kuva-no-ker'' (disaster of Kuva).<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Watson |first=John Whaley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JIEoAAAAYAAJ&q=Sack+of+kuwa |title=Statistical Account of Dhrángadhrá: Being the Dhrángadhrá Contribution to the Káthiáwár Portion of the Bombay Gazetteer |date=1878 |publisher=Education Society's Press, Byculla |pages=21–22 |language=en}}</ref>

===Establishment of Halvad===
After the death of Vaghoji, his son Raidharji established [[Halvad]] as Jhalavad's new capital in 1488. Raidharji died in 1499, succeeded by his son Ajajji (or Ajay singh), who was betrayed and deposed by his step brother [[Ranoji]] (Ranigdev) with the help of [[Muli State|Thakore of Muli]]. Ajajji along with his brother Sajoji sought asylum in [[Kingdom of Mewar|Mewar]], as he was married to [[Rana Raimal]]'s daughter from his Chauhan wife and had his sister Ratan kunwar married to [[Rana Raimal]]. Ajajji was granted the title of ''Raj Rana'' and thikanas of [[Ajmer]] and [[Bari Sadri]]. He died fighting in the [[Battle of Khanwa|battlefield of Khanwa]] against [[Babur]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mathur |first=Tej Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PR4uAAAAMAAJ&q=jhala+ajja+ajmer |title=Feudal Polity in Mewar, 1750-1850 A.D. |date=1987 |publisher=Publication Scheme |isbn=978-81-85263-32-8 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Amar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MVqgAAAAMAAJ |title=Reversing the Gaze: Amar Singh's Diary, a Colonial Subject's Narrative of Imperial India |last2=Rudolph |first2=Susanne Hoeber |last3=Rudolph |first3=Lloyd I. |last4=Kanota |first4=Mohan Singh |date=2001 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-565869-9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Tod |first1=James |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hQxuAAAAMAAJ&q=ajja+bari+sadri |title=Lt. Col. James Tod's Travels in Western India: Supplementary Volume |last2=Sinh |first2=Raghubir |date=1998 |publisher=Publication Scheme |isbn=978-81-86782-28-6 |language=en}}</ref>

In 1523, [[Ranoji]] was killed by Malik Shajiv of [[Dasada Assembly constituency|Dasada]], whose father, Malik Bakhan had been killed by [[Ranoji]]. [[Ranoji]] was succeeded by his son, [[Mansinhji I]] (also called Man Singh I). To avenge his father's death, [[Mansinhji I|Mansinhji]] killed Malik Shahjiv, the son of Malik Bakhan, and captured Dasada.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" />

=== Rai Singh I ===
{{Main|Raisinhji I of Halvad}}

Mansinhji I was succeeded by his son, [[Raisinhji I of Halvad|Rai Singh I]] (also known as Raya), in 1564. When the [[Sultan of Gujarat|Sultan]] prisoned and imposed a tax of 1 lakh rupees on the [[Charan]]s and later again 1 lakh rupees on [[Ahir]]s of [[Ahmedabad]], threatening to convert them to [[Islam]] if they did not pay, [[Mahatma Isardas]] promised them of their bail and sought help from [[Raisinhji I of Halvad|Rai Singh]] twice. [[Raisinhji I of Halvad|Rai Singh]] then paid the tax on their behalf both times and rescued the Charans and Ahirs.<ref name=":2" />

[[Raisinhji I of Halvad|Rai Singh]] kettled drums at [[Dhrol State|Dhrol]], to which Rao Jasol of [[Dhrol State|Dhrol]], his maternal uncle, warned not to. But [[Raisinhji I of Halvad|Rai Singh]] didn't obey him and Rao Jasol unwilling had to fight with Rai Singh. Rai Singh defeated and killed Jasol Jadeja. In retaliation for Jasol's death, [[Khengarji I|Rao Khengar]]'s brother, Sahibji, along with the army of [[Cutch State|Kutch]], fought the Battle of Mavlia against Rai Singh. Sahibji was slain in the battle, and [[Raisinhji I of Halvad|Rai Singh]] was severely wounded. [[Mahatma Isardas]] composed ''Hala-Jhala ra kundaliya'' based on this event.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Rajvi Amar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AZIMAQAAMAAJ&q=halvad+isardas |title=Mediaeval History of Rajasthan: Western Rajasthan |date=1992 |publisher=Rajvi Amar Singh |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Datta |first=Amaresh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zB4n3MVozbUC&dq=hala+jhala+ra+kundaliya&pg=PA1572 |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Devraj to Jyoti |date=1988 |publisher=Sahitya Akademi |isbn=978-81-260-1194-0 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ayyappappanikkar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qc5jAAAAMAAJ |title=Medieval Indian Literature: Selections |date=2000 |publisher=Sahitya Akademi |isbn=978-81-260-0665-6 |pages=44 |language=en |quote=Hala Jhala ra Kundaliya concerning the battle between Jhala Rae Singh of Halwad and his brother - in - law Hala Jasraj}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mukherjee |first=Sujit |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YCJrUfVtZxoC&dq=hala+jhala+ra+kundaliya&pg=PA126 |title=A Dictionary of Indian Literature: Beginnings-1850 |date=1998 |publisher=Orient Blackswan |isbn=978-81-250-1453-9 |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Rayasinhji-I-defeats-wrestler-Eko-Mal-Hebat-Khan.png|thumb|Rana Rai Singh I of Halvad defeats Akbar's wrestler Ekomal Hebat Khan at Fatehpur Sikri]]
[[Raisinhji I of Halvad|Rai Singh]] was later taken to [[Delhi]] by a group of [[Sadhu]]s returning from [[Hinglaj Mata Temple|Hinglaj]]. He remained in Delhi for two years and eventually sought help from [[Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khanan|Khan-i-Khanan]] while attending the imperial durbar at [[Fatehpur Sikri]]. During the durbar, Hebat Khan 'Ekkomat', a celebrated wrestler in [[Akbar|Emperor Akbar]]’s court, mocked Rai Singh for being dressed like a [[Sadhu]] pushed him. In response, Rai Singh gave Hebat Khan such a powerful blow that he died on the spot. The impact of Rai Singh's strike was so great that it displaced a stone in the palace wall.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=State) |first=Bombay (India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pz3rFgOTkyUC&q=+The+dagger+of+Amarsingh&pg=PA428 |title=Gazetteer |date=1884 |publisher=Government Central Press |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref name="McLeod2017" />

In 1742, [[Dhrangadhra]], a new capital was found and a fort was built by Rana Rai Singh II. The state is still sometimes styled Halwad(-Dhrangadhra).<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ddUgAAAAMAAJ |title=The Hind Rajasthan, Or, The Annals of the Native States of India |date=1985 |publisher=Usha |pages=875 |language=en |quote=Harpaldev, who first esta- blished the Jhala rule at Patdi ( now Dhrangadra )}}</ref>

=== Colonial era ===
In 1886, Dhrangadhra was raised to a permanent salute of [[11-guns salute|11 guns]] and [[Ranmalsinhji II]] was granted the title of [[His Highness]]. [[Mansinhji II]] was raised to a personal salute of [[15-guns salute|15 guns]] in 1887 and received a ''[[Sanad (deed)|sanad]]'' for adoption in 1890. The state had a population of 100,000 in 1892 on 3,023 Square Kilometers km2.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" />
Under the British Raj, the colonial [[Eastern Kathiawar Agency]] was in charge of Dhrangadhra. The state was entitled to a Hereditary salute of [[13-guns salute|13 guns]] as well as hereditary title of [[Maharaja]] was granted to its rulers in 1918.<ref name=":5" />

[[Princely state]]s of as [[Muli State|Muli]], [[Lakhtar State|Lakhtar]], [[Chuda State|Chuda]] and [[Sayla taluka|Sayla]] along with talukas of [[Munjpur]], Kesharia and [[Ramparda]] were attached into Dhrangadhra state under the Attachment scheme, 1943. The state had an area of 4800 km² and population of 170,563 people in 1943. The [[Privy purse in India|privy purse]] was fixed at 380,000 Rupees when it ceased to exist by accession to recently independent India's western state [[Saurashtra (state)|Saurashtra]] (now in [[Gujarat]]) on 15 February 1948.<ref name=":0" />

==List of rulers==
{| class="wikitable"
!Sl no
! style="background:White;" |Maharaj-Maharana
!From
! style="background:white;widh:150px;" |Till
|-
!1
!Harpal Dev
!1090
!1126
|-
!2
!Sodhshal Dev I
!1126
!1160
|-
!3
!Durjanshal Dev
!1160
!1185
|-
!4
!Jhalak Devji
!1185
!1210
|-
!5
!Arjundev Sinh
!1210
!1240
|-
!6
!Devraj
!1240
!1265
|-
!7
!Durjanshal Dev II
!1266
!1280
|-
!8
!Sur Sinh
!1280
!1304
|-
!9
!Shantal Dev
!1304
!1325
|-
!10
!Vijaypal
!1325
!1326
|-
!11
!Meghraj I
!1326
!1331
|-
!12
!Padam Sinh
!1331
!1340
|-
!13
!Udai Sinh
!1340
!1352
|-
!14
!Prithuraj Sinh
!1352
!1355
|-
!15
!Vegad Dev
!1355
!1368
|-
!16
!Ram Sinh
!1368
!1385
|-
!17
!Vir Sinh
!1385
!1392
|-
!18
!Ranmal Sinh I
!1392
!1408
|-
!19
!Shatrusal Dev
!1408
!1420
|-
!20
!Jet Sinh
!1420
!1441
|-
!21
!Ranvir Sinh
!1441
!1460
|-
!22
!Bhim Sinh
!1460
!1469
|-
!23
!Vagh Vijayraj Sinh
!1469
!1482
|-
!24
!Rajdhar Dev
!1482
!1499
|-
!25
!Ajay Sinh (Jhala Ajja)
!1499
!1500
|-
!26
!Ran Sinh
!1500
!1523
|-
!27
!Man Sinh I
!1523
!1563
|-
!28
!Rai Sinh II
!1563
!1587
|-
!29
!Chandra Sinh
!1587
!1628
|-
!30
!Askaran Dev
!1628
!1634
|-
!31
!Amar Sinh I
!1634
!1645
|-
!32
!Meghraj II
!1645
!1661
|-
!33
!Gaj Sinh I
!1661
!1673
|-
!34
!Jaswant Sinh I
!1673
!1717
|-
!35
!Pratap Sinh
!1717
!1730
|-
!36
!Rai Sinh II
!1730
!1745
|-
!37
!Gaj Sinh II
!1745
!1782
|-
!38
!Jaswant Sinh II
!1782
!1801
|-
!39
!Rai Sinh III
!1801
!1804
|-
!40
!Amar Sinh II
!1804
!1843
|-
!41
!Ranmal Sinh II
!1843
!1869
|-
!42
!Man Sinh II
!1869
!1900
|-
!43
!Ajit Sinh
!1900
!1911
|-
!44
!Ghanshyam Sinh
!1911
!1942
|-
!45
![[Meghrajji III|Meghraj Jhala III]]
!1942
!1949
|}

==Armed forces==
[[File:Maharana-Raj-Bhimdevji-goes to recieve-his-son-in-law-Ra-Mandalik-III-of-Sorath-1455.png|thumb|Maharana Raj Bhimdevji of Jhalavad rides to receive his son-in-law [[Mandalika III|Ra Mandalik III]] of Sorath with his cavalry, 1455.]]
The earliest reference to the State's military is made by [[Abul Fazl]] stating that it had 2,200 villages, 10,000 cavalry and same number of infantry.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Commissariat |first=Manekshah Sorabshah |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BFZuAAAAMAAJ |title=A History of Gujarat: Mughal period, from 1573 to 1758 |date=1957 |publisher=Longmans, Green & Company, Limited |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5" />

===Dhrangadhra State Forces ===
[[File:HH Maharana's own lancers, Dhrangadhra.jpg|thumb|HH Maharana's own lancers, Dhrangadhra State]]
[[File:Dhrangadhra State Forces 1936.jpg|thumb|Officer of Dhrangadhra State forces at Delhi, 1936]]
[[File:The state artillery of Dhrangadhra.jpg|thumb|State artillery, Dhrangadhra State]]
The State had its own artillery, HH Maharana's own lancers, Dhrangadhra Makhwan [[infantry]], state [[cavalry]] and police until 1948. The State also had an additional unit called Dhrangadhra bodyguards, which was later renamed as Jhaladhip Bodyguards<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Solomon |first1=R. V. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=47sfj8DUwNgC&dq=dhrangadhra+lancers&pg=PA399 |title=Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey |last2=Bond |first2=J. W. |date=2006 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=978-81-206-1965-4 |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Dhrangadhra_Makhwan_infantry.jpg|thumb|Dhrangadhra Makhwan infantry]]
HH Maharana's own lancers, Dhrangadhra Makhwan infantry and State [[artillery]] were maintained as a cost of 60,000-70,000 rupees per year
The State police consisted of 783 men in 1911, while 48 men in Jhaladip Bodyguards and 489 men in Makhwan infantry in 1921.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o6VCAAAAIAAJ&q=dhrangadhra+lancers |title=Memoranda on the Indian States |date=1929 |publisher=Manager of Publications. |language=en}}</ref>

== Culture ==
=== Coat of Arms and emblem ===
<gallery>
File:Jhala coat of arms.png|Coat of Arms of Maharana Raj of Dhrangadhra
File:Dhrangadhra.jpg|Coat of Arms of Maharana Raj of Dhrangadhra
File:Dhrangadhra-Emblem-of-Raj-of-Dhrangadhra.png|State Emblem of Dhrangadhra
File:Dhrangadhra-Raj-Emblem-2.jpg|State Emblem of Dhrangadhra</Gallery>
Coat of arms features the motto:''"Anatha Vajra Panjaro Mama Bahu"'' (My arm an adamant shelter for the helpless)

=== Flags ===
<Gallery>
File:Flag of Dhrangadhra 1911-1946.jpg|Flag of Dhrangadhra: '''c. 1911-1946'''
</gallery>
State flag and standard of the Maharana Raj Sahib, certainly in existence in 1911, replaced by new flags between 1944 and 1946. Approximately 1/2 in proportion, swallow-tailed. The central figure represented a stone canopy ( ''gonkh'' ), the traditional emblem of the goddess Sri Shakti Devi, ''[[kuldevi]]'' of the [[Jhala (clan)|Jhala Rajputs]]. It was adopted on subsequent flags and standards and was always present on the princely coat of arms.<ref name=":4">{{cite web|url=http://www.rbvex.it/asiapag/gujarat3.html| title=Dhrangadhra| author=Roberto Breschi| access-date=2013-07-25}}. The site cites J. D. McMeekin, ''Arms and Flags of the Indian Princely States'', 3, sec. 12, 1990.</ref>
<Gallery>File:Drapeau Dhrangadhra.png|Flag of Dhrangadhra: '''1946-1948'''</gallery>
National and state flag adopted on October 5, 1946, and abolished along with the state in 1948. Apparent proportions 3:5. The flag was called ''Sakti Dhwaj'' because it featured a ''gonkh'' in the center, the emblem of the mother goddess ''Shakti Devi''. The two pink stripes represented the sunset and dawn of the night (the blue stripe in the middle) during which the mother goddess built the state. The 18 ripples of the yellow stripe—the shape of which recalled the festoons ( ''[[Festoon|torana]]'' ) placed on village gates—alluded to the 1,800 original villages of the principality.<ref name=":4" />

===Banners===
<Gallery>File:Royal standard dhrangadhra.jpg|Royal standard banner of Maharana Raj Sahib
File:Dhrangadhra maharaja flag.jpg|Maharana Raj Sahib's personal banner</gallery>
Two princely standards are known, contemporary with the state flag, also bright pink and bearing three yellow ''gonkhs'' . The difference was in the color of the inside of the ''gonkhs'' : blue for the royal standard and green for the personal one of the Maharana Raj Sahib.<ref name=":4" />

===Stamps===
<gallery>
File:Dhrangadhra state stamp.jpg|Dhrangadhra state stamp featuring HH Maharana Raj Sahib [[Ajitsinhji]]
File:Dhrangadhra state stamp 2.jpg|Dhrangadhra state stamp featuring HH Maharana Raj Sahib [[Ghanshyamsinhji Ajitsinhji|Ghanshyam Singhji]]
</gallery>
Stamps featuring the HH Maharana Raj Sahibs: Ajit Singhji and Ghanshyam Singhji

=== Orders of chivalry ===
The Royal House of Dhrangadhra awards a [[dynastic order]] of knighthood called the Order of Jhalavad, in six grades.<ref name="McLeod2017">{{cite book |last1=McLeod |first1=John |title=The Making of Jhallesvar Genealogy: Interpreting Dynastic History in Western India, c.1090–2016 |date=2017 |publisher=Research Gate |page=8|language=English}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Meghrajji III]]
* [[Jhalawar State]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Salute states}}
{{Princely states of the Western India States Agency}}
{{coord|22.98|N|71.47|E|region:IN_type:landmark_source:kolossus-svwiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Princely states of Gujarat]]
[[Category:States under the Kathiawar Agency]]
[[Category:Surendranagar district]]
[[Category:Rajput history]]
[[Category:1742 establishments in India]]
[[Category:1948 disestablishments in India]]

Kingdom of Jhalavad - Revision history

Shirttheory at 01:13, 28 April 2026