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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2013}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kingsway Camp
| official_name = Guru Teg Bahadur Nagar
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[neighbourhoods of Delhi|Neighborhood of Delhi]]
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Delhi
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Delhi, India
| coordinates = {{coord|28.6984|N|77.1198|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Delhi]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[North West Delhi]]
| subdivision_type3 = Metro
| subdivision_name3 =
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
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| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
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| population_density_km2 = auto
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| demographics1_info1 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 110009
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
| blank2_name_sec1 = Civic agency
| blank2_info_sec1 = North Delhi Municipal Corporation
}}

'''Kingsway Camp''', officially '''Guru Teg Bahadur Nagar''' (GTB Nagar) since 1970, is a historic area located in [[North Delhi]], near [[Civil Lines]] and [[Delhi University]]. It starts from Guru Teg Bahadur Nagar (GTB) intersection, and has residential areas like Hudson Lines and Outram Lines. Neighboring localities include [[Dhaka Village (Delhi)|Dhaka Village]], Mukherjee Nagar and [[Hakikat Nagar]]. The foundation of the new capital of [[British India]], [[New Delhi]], was laid at [[Coronation Park, Delhi|Coronation Park]] by [[King George V]] in December, 1911, making this area historically significant.<ref name="Hall"/>

[[File:Refugees from West Punjab and Dera Ismail Khan.jpg|thumb|Refugees from [[West Punjab]] and [[Dera Ismail Khan]] at the Kingsway Camp in 1947]]

Originally named after Kingsway an avenue which was built as a precursor to the construction of the residence of the [[Viceroy of India]], after the [[Delhi Durbar]] of 1911, though its location was finally shifted to the [[Raisina Hill]], its present location, as was the road titled Kingsway, now known as [[Rajpath]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Gundry Alexander|authorlink= Horace Gundry Alexander|first=Horace |title=New citizens of India|year=1951|publisher=Oxford University Press (India)|page=43}}</ref> The area stretched over twenty-five square miles from banks of [[Yamuna River]] in the east to [[Shalimar Bagh, Delhi|Shalimar Bagh]] in the west.<ref>[[#Ku|Singh, p. 318]]</ref> Post independence in 1947, it became the venue of the largest refugee camp in Delhi, housing 3,00,000 refugees.<ref name=is>{{cite book|last=Ishii|first=Hiroshi |author2=David N. Gellner |author3=Katsuo Nawa |title=Political and social transformations in north India and Nepal|year=2007|publisher=Manohar|isbn=81-7304-729-4|page=293}}</ref> Today, it is posh residential locality, with a large number of students residing in the area owing to its proximity to the [[Delhi University]]; it is serviced by the [[GTB Nagar (Delhi Metro)|GTB Nagar]] underground station of [[Delhi Metro]] yellow line and also serving the nearby areas of Mukherji Nagar, Nirankari Colony, Vijay Nagar, etc.

==History==
[[File:Delhi Durbar 1877.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The [[Delhi Durbar]] of 1877 at [[Coronation Park, Delhi|Coronation Park]]. The [[Viceroy of India]], [[Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton|Lord Edward Lytton]] is seated on the dais to the left.]]

[[File:The Obelsik marking the Durbar of King George V at Coronation Park, Delhi.2JPG.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Coronation Park, Delhi#Coronation Memorial|Coronation Memorial]] -a commemorative [[Obelisk]] erected at the exact place where [[George V of the United Kingdom|King George V]] and [[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary]] sat in [[Durbar (court)|Durbar]] of 1911, and declared shifting of capital of [[British Raj]] from [[Calcutta]] to [[Delhi]], at [[Coronation Park, Delhi|Coronation Park]]]]
During the [[British Raj]], it acquired the historic importance due to the presence of the "[[Coronation Park, Delhi|Coronation Park]]" close by, now close to the Nirankari Colony, where all the three [[Delhi Durbar]] took place, and is now host the [[Coronation Park, Delhi#Coronation Memorial|Coronation Memorial]]. Though the most important event took place on 12 December 1911, when [[George V of the United Kingdom|George V]], the then [[Emperor of India]] along with [[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary]], during the [[Delhi Durbar]], made the announcement that the capital of the Raj was to be shifted from [[Calcutta]] to [[Delhi]], subsequently on 15 December 1911, they laid the foundation stone for Viceroy's residence, and New Delhi here, which was subsequently shifted to its present location on [[Raisina Hill]] near [[Rashtrapati Bhavan]] (President's House).<ref name="Hall">{{cite book |last=Hall |first=P |authorlink=Peter Hall (urbanist) |title=Cities of Tomorrow |year=2002 |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |isbn=0-631-23252-4 |pages=198–206}}</ref><ref>[http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/FullcoverageStoryPage.aspx?sectionName=IndiaSectionPage&id=5720f679-41cd-4e23-a9eb-c2f6b5d707c8Indiaturns61_Special&Headline=Coronation+park+cries+out+for+help Coronation park]{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} [[Hindustan Times]], 14 August 2008.</ref> The newly appointed emperors of the British Raj were stationed at Kingsway Camp. Since the Kings had to pass through this route, it was named "Kingsway Camp", meaning the "Way Of the King".

In the 1910s, a steam generation power plant was established here by the government, which was later shifted to [[Raj Ghat]] area around 1931, when the capital of India was shifted to New Delhi, and known as Central Power House.{{Citation needed|date=December 2011}}

The [[Harijan Sevak Sangh]] for [[Dalit]]s (untouchables) was established here, by [[Mahatma Gandhi]] on 24 September 1932. Later, it was ''Valmiki Bhawan'' within the campus, which functioned as Gandhi ji's one-room ashram. Today, the {{convert|20|acre|m2|adj=on}} campus includes the Gandhi Ashram, Harijan Basti, Lala Hans Raj Gupta Industrial Training Institute and also has a residential school for boys and girls.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/share-gandhis-space-rs-800-pm/22851-3.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012162401/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/share-gandhis-space-rs-800-pm/22851-3.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 October 2012|title=Share Gandhi's space @Rs 800 pm|date=30 Sep 2006|publisher=CNN-IBN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/tirath-spends-time-with-dalits-on-gandhi-jayanti_100255242.html|title=Tirath spends time with Dalits on Gandhi Jayanti|date=2 October 2009|publisher=Thaindian News|accessdate=29 April 2018}}</ref>

However, until the [[independence of India]], much of area was still filled with fruit gardens, or remained a [[wilderness]] and [[swamp]], due to its low-lying location, which tended to flood during the rainy season<ref>[[#Si|Sinha, p. 1483]]</ref> though a big change was yet to come. As with India's independence in 1947, Kingway Camp became the venue for one of many refugee camps set up in Delhi. Here some 3,00,000 people displaced from what was now [[Pakistan]], due to [[partition of India]] stayed, making it the largest such camp.<ref name=is/> Here tents and temporary barracks became home for the people in the coming months.<ref>[[#Pa|Pandey, p. 140]]</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Tyagi|first=Vijendra Kumar|title=Urban growth and urban villages: a case study of Delhi|year=1982|publisher=Kalyani Publishers|page=24}}</ref> Though almost two years after it was built, in May 1949 over 42,000 refugees were still living at the camp as the construction of rehabilitation colonies and houses in the area was still underway, that is when the inhabitants of the camp went on a hunger strike.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wtUNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=RWoDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6516,5734468&dq=kingsway+camp&hl=en|title=Delhi Strike|date=15 May 1949|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|page=20|accessdate=22 July 2010}}</ref> Gandhian [[Lakshmi Chand Jain]] was in-charge of working of the camp, which was close to the Gandhi ashram, where [[Gandhi]]ji held his prayer meetings. [[Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay]] also worked extensively at the camp, with women groups and also worked towards forming cooperatives here. Over the next few years a lot of refugees settled in the nearby area itself, many moved to West Delhi residential areas, and some newly built refugee townships. Though unlike other refugee townships like [[Nilokheri]], [[Faridabad]] and [[Rajpura]], there was no attempt to bring residential and economic activity in proximity to one another, nevertheless owing to its proximity with [[Delhi University]] the area flourished in the coming years.<ref>[[#Ra|Rao, p. 43]]</ref>

The Oznam Home, a noted old-age home was established here, by [[St. Vincent de Paul Society]] in 1958, and was run by an Austrian nun, Sister Edith who stayed for the next 30 years.<ref>{{cite book|last=Johri|first=Pradeep Kumar|title=Social Development And Social Welfare |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6w1sIyPll1IC&pg=PA19&dq=kingsway+camp&lr=&cd=69#v=onepage&q=kingsway%20camp&f=false|year=2005|publisher=Anmol Publications|isbn=81-261-2220-X|page=19}}</ref> Kingsway Camp was official renamed as Guru Teg Bahadur Nagar on 12 December 1970 by [[Municipal Corporation of Delhi]].<ref>''The Sikh review, Volume 37, Issues 421-432''. Sikh Cultural Centre, Calcutta. 1989. ''p. 53'' "Resolution no. 954"</ref> [[All India Radio]]'s first external service [[shortwave]] facility was also established here.<ref>{{cite book|last=Magne|first=Lawrence |title=Passport to World Band Radio 2002|year=2001|publisher=International Broadcasting Services|isbn=0-914941-82-8|page=29}}</ref>

==Transport==
The place is well connected with all the major places such as [[Mukherjee Nagar]] with 24x7 public as well as private transport. With [[Delhi_Transport_Corporation|DTC Services]], the [[Delhi Metro]] has also started functioning in this part of North Delhi. [[Ring road]] passes through the place. The place also has an intercity bus stand namely BBM Depot, through which direct and convenient public transport is available throughout Delhi.

==Literature==
* {{cite book|last=Vijendra Kasturi Ranga Varadaraja Rao|first=Vijendra |title=An economic review of refugee rehabilitation in India: a study of the Kingsway camp|year= 1955|publisher=Dehli School of Economics|ref=Ra}}
*{{cite book|last=Singh|first=Khushwant |authorlink=Khushwant Singh|title=Delhi|url=https://archive.org/details/delhinovel00khus|url-access=registration|quote=kingsway camp.|year=1990|publisher=Penguin Books|ref=Ku}}
* {{cite book|last=Pandey |first=Gyanendra |title=Remembering partition: violence, nationalism, and history in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rUqTWo9gqGAC&pg=PA140&dq=kingsway+camp&cd=4#v=onepage&q=kingsway%20camp&f=false|year=2001|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-00250-8|ref=Pa}}
* {{cite book|last=Sinha|first=P.C. |title=Encyclopaedia of Travel, Tourism and Ecotourism, Volume 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K9XhBVb59BcC&pg=PA1483&dq=kingsway+camp&lr=&cd=50#v=onepage&q=kingsway%20camp&f=false|year=2005|publisher=Anmol Publications|isbn=81-261-2398-2|ref=Si}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://wikimapia.org/524453/Kingsway-Camp-Chowk-Delhi Kingsway-Camp] [[wikimapia]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Delhi]]
[[Category:North Delhi district]]

Kingsway Camp - Revision history

imported>GreenC bot at 01:55, 9 August 2021