imported>Soman at 00:12, 25 February 2020

2020-02-25T00:12:19Z

New page

The '''Kisan Mazdoor Mandal''' ('Peasant Worker Association', abbreviated '''KMM''') was a [[political party]] in [[Bhopal State (1949–56)|Bhopal State]], [[India]]. The party was formed in 1950 by proponents of a merger with [[Madhya Bharat]], who split away from the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref name="f">{{cite book|author=Ashfaq Ali|title=Bhopal, Past and Present : a Brief History of Bhopal from the Hoary Past Up to the Present Time|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=owMMAQAAIAAJ|year=1981|publisher=Jai Bharat Publishing House|page=447}}</ref><ref name=a/> The party had a [[Karl Marx|Marx]]ian orientation.<ref name="Sadasivan1977"/> KMM was supported by the 10,000-member [[trade union]] Mazdoor Sabha.<ref name="Sadasivan1977">{{cite book|author=S. N. Sadasivan|title=Party and democracy in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lJ2KAAAAMAAJ|year=1977|publisher=Tata McGraw-Hill|page=44}}</ref> [[Khan Shakir Ali Khan]] was the president of KMM.<ref name="Wiener2015">{{cite book|author=Myron Wiener|title=State Politics in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VErWCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA512|date=8 December 2015|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-7914-4|pages=511–512}}</ref> In the run-up to the [[1952 Bhopal Legislative Assembly election]], KMM was the main opposition to the Bhopal Congress.<ref name="Wiener2015"/>

KMM was recognized by the [[Election Commission of India]] as a state party.<ref name=a/> The party was assigned the election symbol 'cultivator winnowing grain' by the Election Commission.<ref name="Sinha2007">{{cite book|author=Manorama Sinha|title=Electoral Geography of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HjUIAQAAMAAJ|date=1 January 2007|publisher=Adhyayan Publishers & Distributors|isbn=978-81-8435-020-3|page=105}}</ref> The party published a socialist manifesto before the polls.<ref name="Sadasivan1977"/> The election result was a back-lash for the party.<ref name="SudSud1953">{{cite book|author1=S. P. Singh Sud|author2=Ajit Singh Sud|title=Indian Elections and Legislators|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ATs0AAAAIAAJ|year=1953|publisher=All India Publications|page=107}}</ref> KMM became the third-most voted party in the election, contesting 11 out of 30 seats in the state.<ref name=a>Election Commission of India. ''[https://eci.gov.in/files/file/4109-bhopal-1951/ Bhopal, 1951]''</ref> It obtained 12,255 votes (5.42% of the votes in the state), but didn't win any seats.<ref name=a/> Khan stood as the KMM candidate in Jahangirabad constituency, finishing in second place with 2,581 votes (43.41% of the votes in the constituency).<ref name=a/> KMM also fielded one candidate in the [[Indian general election, 1951|1951-1952 Lok Sabha parliamentary election]]; Ratankumar in the [[Sehore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sehore constituency]]. He obtained 8,808 votes (9.28%).<ref>Election Commission of India. ''[https://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/StatisticalInformationAll/LoksabhaElection/LE1951.pdf STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 1951 TO THE FIRST LOK SABHA]''</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Political parties in Bhopal State]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1950]]

Kisan Mazdoor Mandal - Revision history

imported>Soman at 00:12, 25 February 2020