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2021-08-13T11:48:56Z

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{{short description|City in Bihar, India}}
{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Kishanganj}}
{{weasel|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kishanganj district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Bihar|District of Bihar]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_map = Bihar district location map Kishanganj.svg
| map_caption = Location of Kishanganj city in Bihar
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Kishanganj
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Purnia division|Purnia]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Kishanganj]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| area_total_km2 = 1884
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1,690,400
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 57.04 per cent
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 946
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Kishanganj (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kishanganj]]
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = [[Bahadurganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bahdurganj]], [[Thakurganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Thakurganj]], [[Dhanpura (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kishanganj]], [[Kochadhaman (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kochadhaman]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = * {{jct|NH|31|country=IND}}
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = http://kishanganj.bih.nic.in/
| official_name =
| image_skyline = Ramzan River.JPG
}}

'''Kishanganj district''' is one of the thirty-eight [[districts of Bihar]] [[States and territories of India|state]], [[India]], and [[Kishanganj]] town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Kishanganj district is a part of [[Purnia division]] (Seemanchal).

History
Kishanganj (BIHAR) district, which was previously part of [[Purnia district]], is part of the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]].<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0hbA4A--9HcC&q=kishanganj+mithila&pg=PA74 |title = Women Empowerment Through Panchayati Raj Institutions|isbn = 9788180696800|last1 = Thakur|first1 = Minni|year = 2010}}</ref>
Mithila first gained prominence after being settled by [[Indo-Aryan peoples]] who established the [[Mithila Kingdom]] (also called Kingdom of the Videhas).<ref>[[Michael Witzel]] (1989), ''Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes'' ed. Caillat, Paris, pages 13, 17 116–124, 141–143</ref>

During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Kingdom of the Videhas became one of the major political and cultural centers of South Asia, along with Kuru and Pañcāla. The kings of the Kingdom of the Videhas were called [[Janaka]]s.<ref>{{cite book |author=Witzel, M. |author-link=Michael Witzel |year=1989 |chapter=Tracing the Vedic dialects |title=Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes |location=Paris |editor1-last=Caillat |editor1-first=C. |pages=141–143 |publisher=Fondation Hugot}}</ref>
The Mithila Kingdom was later incorporated into the [[Vajji]] confederacy, which had its capital in the city of [[Vaishali (ancient city)|Vaishali]], which is also in Mithila.<ref>{{cite book |author=Hemchandra, R. |year=1972 |title=Political History of Ancient India |location=Calcutta |publisher=University of Calcutta}}</ref>
Kishanganj was an old and important Sub-Division of [[Purnia district]]. After the long and hard struggle of around seventeen years by the people of Kishanganj including social workers, politicians, journalists, businessmen, farmers, etc., the Kishanganj district was carved out of Purnia district on 14 January 1990.<ref name=admin/>

==Geography==
Kishanganj district occupies an area of {{convert|1884|km2|sqmi}},<ref name='Reference Annual'>{{cite book | last1 = Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]]. [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1118–1119 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}</ref> Kishanganj district is surrounded by [[Araria district]] in the west, [[Purnia district]] in the south-west, [[Uttar Dinajpur district]] of [[West Bengal]] on the east, and [[Darjeeling district]] of West Bengal and [[Nepal]] on the north. A narrow strip of West Bengal, about 20 km wide separates it from [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/bihar/districts/kishanganj.htm |title = Kishanganj district map |access-date = 2010-10-08|publisher =Maps of India }}</ref>

Kishanganj district is located between 250 20’ and 260 30’ north latitudes, and 870 7’ and 880 19’ east longitudes.<ref name=admin>{{cite web|url=http://kishanganj.bih.nic.in/location.htm |title=Kishanganj District (Bihar) |access-date=2010-10-08 |publisher=Kishanganj district administration |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101114030750/http://kishanganj.bih.nic.in/location.htm |archive-date=2010-11-14 }}</ref>

=== River ===
Major rivers flowing through the district are [[Mahananda River|Mahananda]], [[Kankai River|Kankai]], [[Mechi River|Mechi]], Donk, [[Ratua Khola|Ratua]] .<ref name=admin/>
[[File:Screen shot from Bihar Government Water resource website.png|thumb|River network in Kishanganj, Bihar.]]

==Economy==
In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Kishanganj one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] out of a total of 640.<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme]] (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=September 8, 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=September 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=April 5, 2012 }}</ref>

Kishanganj is the only tea producing district in Bihar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://districts.ecourts.gov.in/kishanganj-judgeship|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720125005/https://districts.ecourts.gov.in/kishanganj-judgeship|url-status=dead|archive-date=2019-07-20|title=Kishanganj Judgeship/District Court in India {{!}} Official Website of District Court of India|date=2019-07-20|access-date=2019-07-20}}</ref>

==Sub-divisions==
The district comprises only one sub-division, Kishanganj, which is further divided into seven blocks: Bhahadurganj, Dighalbank, Kishanganj, Kochadhaman, Pothia, Terhagachha, Thakurgunj

==Education==
On 30 January 2014, the foundation stone was laid down of the Kishanganj campus of [[Aligarh Muslim University]] by Sonia Gandhi.<ref>http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Sonia-to-lay-foundation-of-AMU-Kishanganj-unit-today/articleshow/29571536.cms</ref>

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=2,34,482|13=1911|14=2,51,966|15=1921|16=2,69,059|17=1931|18=2,91,023|19=1941|20=3,16,813|21=1951|22=3,36,235|23=1961|24=4,59,703|25=1971|26=6,18,773|27=1981|28=8,05,333|29=1991|30=9,84,107|31=2001|32=12,96,348|33=2011|34=16,90,400|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Kishanganj District
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|67.98}}
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|31.43}}
{{bar percent|Christian|blue|0.34}}
{{bar percent|Not Stated|black|0.13}}
{{bar percent|Sikh|olive|0.02}}
{{bar percent|Buddhist|yellow|0.01}}
{{bar percent|Jain|brown|0.09}}
}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Kishanganj district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,690,400,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Guinea-Bissau]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Guinea-Bissau 1,596,677 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Idaho]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=2011-09-30
|quote=Idaho 1,567,582
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date=2013-10-19
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 293rd in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 898 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 30.44%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Kishanganj has a [[sex ratio]] of 946 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1,000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 57.04%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 6.7% and 3.8% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>

A vast majority of the people live in villages. Kishanganj is the only Muslim-majority district of Bihar, with Muslims forming about 68 per cent of the population.<ref name=districtcensus/> There are also Hindus of whom most are Surajpuris ([[Rajbongshi people|Rajbanshi]]). There also are small pockets of [[Santal people|Santals]].<ref>{{cite web| url =http://azadindia.org/about-kishan.html |title =The Socio-Economic and Political Scenario of Kishanganj District |access-date = 2010-10-08|publisher = Azad India Foundation}}</ref><ref name=kishanganj>{{cite web| url = http://www.twocircles.net/2010jul02/kishanganj_bihar_s_most_backward_district_quest_amu_centre.html |title = Kishanganj: Bihar's most backward district in quest for AMU centre |access-date = 2010-10-08|publisher = TwoCircles.net}}</ref> Most of the inhabitants of Kishanganj speak [[Surjapuri language|Surajpuri]].<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3TYjxabLaHcC&q=maithili+kishanganj&pg=PA3 | title=Maithili Bhasha Sahitya: Beesam Shatabdi| isbn=9789380538129| last1=Singh| first1=Premshankar}}</ref>

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 42.61% of the population in the district spoke [[Surjapuri language|Surjapuri]], 32.62% [[Urdu]], 9.05 [[Hindi]], 6.66% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 3.45% [[Santali language|Santali]], 2.63% [[Maithili language|Maithili]] and 1.23% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Gender Ratio of District<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Ug_79G5M6p3U2DHzxraZZdwHKJmYvHt8QypQHioJPvQ/edit#gid=1701931946|title=election commission ppt}}</ref>
!Year
!1971
!1981
!1991
!2001
!2011
|-
|1
|2
|3
|4
|5
|6
|-
|Gender Ratio
|926
|950
|946
|936
|948
|}

== Administrative units ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Sl. no.
!Name of the Blocks
!No. of Gram Panchayats
|-
|1
|Kishanganj
|10
|-
|2
|Bahadurganj
|20
|-
|3
|Thakurganj
|22
|-
|4
|Kochadhaman
|24
|-
|5
|Dighalbank
|16
|-
|6
|Pothiya
|22
|-
|7
|Terhagachh
|24
|-
|colspan="2" align="right" bgcolor="fff999"|Total number of Gram Panchayats<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kishanganj.nic.in/blocks.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505080026/http://kishanganj.nic.in/blocks.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-05-05|title=Blocks|date=2008-05-05|access-date=2019-06-28}}</ref>
|bgcolor="fff999"|126
|}

* Number of Revenue Division(s)- 1
* Number of Blocks- 7<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/district/62-kishanganj-bihar.html|title=Blocks in Kishanganj District, Bihar|website=www.census2011.co.in|access-date=2019-05-27}}</ref>
* Number of Police Stations- 20
* Number of Gram Panchayats- 126
* Number of Census Villages- 771
* Number of Municipalities- 3
* Number of Municipal Corporation- 1<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kishanganj.nic.in/demography/|title=Demography {{!}} Welcome to Kishanganj District|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-27}}</ref>

See also - [[Literacy In Bihar]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
* [https://kishanganj.nic.in/ Official website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110430231936/http://www.allaboutbihar.com/districts/kishanganj/index.php Kishanganj Information Portal]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Kishanganj district
|North = {{NEP|Nepal}}
|Northeast = [[Darjeeling district]], [[West Bengal]]
|East =
|Southeast = [[North Dinajpur district]], [[West Bengal]]
|South =
|Southwest = [[Purnia district]]
|West = [[Araria district]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Districts of Bihar}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}
{{Purnia Division}}
{{Purnia Division topics}}

{{coord|25.676796|N|86.945708|E|type:adm3rd_source:itwiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Kishanganj district| ]]
[[Category:Purnia division]]
[[Category:Districts of Bihar]]
[[Category:Minority Concentrated Districts in India]]
[[Category:1990 establishments in Bihar]]

Kishanganj district - Revision history

imported>Sakura emad at 11:48, 13 August 2021