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[[File:Gurudwara Bhatha Sahib, Kotla Nihang Khan, Rupnagar, Punjab, India.jpg|thumb|Gurudwara Bhatha Sahib, Kotla Nihang Khan, Rupnagar, Punjab, India]]<br />
'''Kotla Nihang Khan''' is a town located about 3 kilometers southeast of [[Ropar]] city in [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[India]]. It is famed as the erstwhile principality of the seventeenth-century [[Pashtun people|Pathan]] ''[[zamindar]]'' ruler, [[Nihang Khan]], who was an associate of the tenth [[Sikh Gurus|Sikh Guru]], [[Guru Gobind Singh]].<ref name="ref39hepup">{{Citation | title=History of Sikh Gurus Retold: 1606-1708 C | author=Surjit Singh Gandhi | publisher=Atlantic Publishers &amp; Distributors, 2007 | isbn=978-81-269-0858-5 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vZFBp89UInUC | quote=''... the Guru met Nihang Khan, the Zamindar of Kotla Nihang Khan, a place in proximity to present-day Ropar city. Nihang Khan was so moved that he decided to dedicate his all in the cause of the Guru. This happened on the Amavas or Maghar 1745 Bk 1688 ...''}}</ref><br />
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==Indus Valley Civilization Site==<br />
Kotla Nihang Khan is also a major [[archeology|archeological]] site associated with the [[Bronze Age]] [[Indus Valley civilization]], dating to the 3300-1300 BCE period. Several underground structures, including a furnace dating to the Bronze Age, were unearthed here.<ref name="ref57zucim">{{Citation | title=Pre-Harappan cultures of India and the borderlands | author=Shashi Asthana | publisher=Books &amp; Books, 1985 | isbn=978-81-85016-13-9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IoBWAAAAMAAJ | quote=''... similar to a furnace found at Kotla Nihang Khan, is located here. It is an overground oval structure built with the long axis of about 1 to 1.5 m ...''}}</ref> Kotla Nihang Khan's initial settlement has been dated to 2200 BCE based on analysis of excavated artifacts.<ref name="ref79fuqig">{{Citation | title=A history of agriculture in India, Volume 1A History of Agriculture in India, Mohindar Singh Randhawa | author=Mohindar Singh Randhawa | publisher=Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 1980 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7lYAAAAMAAJ | quote=''... The date of Kotla Nihang Khan is about 2200 bc (ii) Rupar and Other Sites The Nalagarh mound at Rupar on the Satluj was excavated by YD Sharma in 1953-56. In the lowest stratum, Harappan potteries, bronze implements ...''}}</ref> The excavated area here shows two distinct sectors: an eastern sector where pottery remains are indicative of Urban Harappan Culture, and a western sector where Urban Harappan artifacts are found mixed with Bara Ware. This is believed to indicate coexistence or a transition between the original Harappan inhabitants and the later [[Bara culture|Baran settlers]] at the settlement.<ref name="ref94logaf">{{Citation | title=Indian Archaeology in Retrospect: Prehistory, archaeology of South Asia | author=Shadaksharappa Settar, Ravi Korisettar | publisher=Indian Council of Historical Research, 2002 | isbn=978-81-7304-319-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iJzpAAAAMAAJ | quote=''... The mound at Kotla Nihang Khan is divided into two sectors: eastern and western. The eastern sector mainly has Urban Harappan pottery like the dish-on-stand, goblets with pointed base, shallow flat dish with flaring sides ... The western part has Urban Harappan elements mixed with Bara Ware from the lower levels. Sharma (1982: 141) thinks that ... initially, in Phase I, the Harappans occupied the eastern area, but with the advent of the Barans ...''}}</ref><br />
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==Gurdwara Bhatha Sahib==<br />
[[File:Gurudwara Bhatha Sahib , Kotla Nihang, Roopnagar, Punjab, India.jpg|thumb|left|Gurudwara Bhatha Sahib, Kotla Nihang, Roopnagar, Punjab, India]]<br />
This place is famous for a historical Gurdwara Bhatha Sahib. Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru of the Sikhs, visited this place in 1688 during their return from Anandpur Sahib and stayed there where there was a brick kilan known as a Bhatha in vernacular [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] language. Later, the Gurdwara was built in memory of the visit of the Guru which came to be known as Bhatha Sahib.<br />
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==Kotla Nihang Khan Fort==<br />
[[File:Fort of Kotla Nihang Khan, village Kotla Nihang Khan, Rupnagar district,Punjab,India.jpg|thumb|Fort of Kotla Nihang Khan, village Kotla Nihang Khan, Rupnagar district, Punjab, India.]]<br />
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{{Main article |Kotla Nihang Khan Fort}}<br />
There is a fort in the village known as [[Kotla Nihang Khan Fort]] which was built by the then Afghan Zimindar ruler Nihang Khan who ruled over 80 villages in the 17 Century.<br />
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==See also==<br />
*[[Nihang Khan]]<br />
*[[Bara, Punjab]]<br />
*[[Bara culture]]<br />
*[[Kotla Nihang Khan Fort]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
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==Bibliography==<br />
*[http://asi.nic.in/asi_exca_imp_punjab.asp Excavation sites in Punjab] Archaeological Survey of India<br />
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{{coord missing|Punjab (India)}}<br />
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[[Category:Indus Valley civilisation sites]]<br />
[[Category:Cities and towns in Rupnagar district]]<br />
[[Category:Bara culture]]<br />
[[Category:Archaeological sites in Punjab, India]]<br />
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